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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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Subject: Environmantal Science × Author: YASH, PAL × End date: 2016 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF WOOD BURNING MUD COOKSTOVE IN MANDI DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (2016) YASH, PAL; AGGRAWAL, R.K.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on indoor air pollution and thermal efficiency of wood burning mud cookstove in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in Drang block of Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh during the year 2015-16 with the aim to study the thermal efficiency of wood burning mud cookstove and indoor air pollution. The study area was divided into three altitudinal zones i.e. lower zone (<1000 meter), middle zone (1000-1500 meter) and higher zone (1500-2000 meter) to analyze the impact of altitude on efficiency of wood burning mud cookstove and indoor air pollution. In each altitudinal zone four villages were selected cluster wise. In each village two households were selected one from APL and one from BPL family randomly. The households were classified on the basis of three categories viz. APL and BPL, land holding and family size. Water boiling test was carried out to calculate the thermal efficiency and power output of wood burning mud cookstoves. The average thermal efficiency was found to be 8.02 per cent and power output was 0.43 kW. The calorific value of the preferred oven dried fuelwood species in study area ranged between 4282.523 kcal per kg for Populus deltoids to 5623.96 kcal per kg for Quercus leucotrichophora. The results indicated that the daily fuelwood consumption increased with increase in altitude from 20.00 Kg at lower altitude to 28.50 Kg at middle altitude and to 30.00 Kg at higher altitude. The distance travelled and time taken to collect fuelwood showed a decreasing trend with increase in altitude. Agro waste consumption also showed an increasing trend with increase in altitude. The average annual fuelwood consumption was 9550.83 kg per household in the study area and estimated annual fuelwood consumption by all the households in Drang block was approximately 0.17 million tonnes. The per capita fuelwood consumption was 4.57 Kg per day. The study revealed that the emission of particulate matter (PM10) and volatile organic compounds increased with increase in altitude from 31.91 µg per m3 and 252 ppb at lower altitude to 80.22 µg per m3 and 5.81 ppb at middle altitude to 92.63 µg per m3 and 8.71 ppb at higher altitude, respectively. The emission of these pollutants was more in BPL families than APL families. The emission of carbon dioxide was increased with the increase in altitude. The pollutants and carbon dioxide emitted during cooking were within permissible limits. The ill health impacts of indoor air pollution were observed in terms of occurrence of cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, generalized weakness, migraine, cancer, paralysis and tuberculosis among the respondents. The reproductive health of the females indicated that about 77 per cent of the females had irregular menstrual history and 8 per cent gave the history of having suffered from hypertension during their respective pregnancy. A case, each of infertility and abortion was also reported.