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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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20101
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Subject: Entomology and Apiculture × Author: SHARMA, ANURAG × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INCIDENCE, PATHOGENICITY, BIOLOGY AND BIOMANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS ASSOCIATED WITH CULTIVATED MUSHROOMS
    (2010) SHARMA, ANURAG; KHANNA, ANJU SUDHAKAR
    The present piece of research entitled “Studies on incidence, pathogenicity, biology and biomanagement of insect pests associated with cultivated mushrooms” was conducted to acquaint with the insect pest fauna of two commercially cultivated mushrooms viz. Agaricusbisporus and Pleurotussajorcaju. Abundance of insects belonging to orders Diptera and Coleoptera was recorded in both the mushrooms. In addition, spring tails and mites were also of common occurrence. Two genera of flies belonging to families Sciaridae and Phoridae registered their presesnce in two mushrooms. Of these, the most prevalent grayish black small fly with filiform antennae, typical sciarid wings, long legs with contiguous cozae and elongated abdomen, was identified as Sciarasp. (Diptera: Sciaridae). Looking into its wide distribution in distantly located units, this insect was selected as test insect for further studies. Megaselia sp. (Diptera: Phoridae) was observed in two locations only. Incidence of four genera of beetles viz., Cyllodesindicus, Scaphisomanigrofasciatum, Staphylinus sp. And Spondotriplaxpallidipes was also recorded. Of these, former three infested both the mushrooms but the last one was found to be present in P. sajorcaju only. Interestingly, despite its near cosmopolitan distribution in mushroom units of the state Sciarasp. has been reported for the first time in mushrooms from Himachal Pradesh. Similarly, S. pallidipes has never been recorded earlier from mushrooms in the world. Maggots of Sciara sp. and grubs as well as adults of the beetles fed voraciously on the mycelium and fruit bodies of the mushrooms which were highly susceptible to their menace. In addition, these insects also acted as carriers and disseminators of phoretic nematodes and mites. Natural population of Sciarasp. comprised of more number of females than males, former living longer than later. The peak population of Sciara was observed from March to May under Solan conditions. The developmental phase of Sciara from egg to adult was completed in 13.7 days in button mushroom as compared to 16.7 days in oyster mushroom. This fly inflicted heavy quantitative and qualitative yield losses to A. bisporus and P. sajorcaju; later being more susceptible than former. Quantum of damage was influenced by the factors like initial inoculum level, mushroom species involved and cropping stage at which infestation occurred. Infested fruit bodies wore inhealthy appearance. Among the various bioagents tested for their efficacy against the fly, the application of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditisindica and/or Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) improved the sporophore yields of both the mushrooms as compared to control.