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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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201920
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Subject: Entomology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2019 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 20
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF HARAR BORER
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2019-11-18) KUMAR, SUMIT; RANA, V K
    Peak infestation of harar borer were recorded in the month of July (77.5%) and in the month of September (72.5%). The biology study revealed that female laid whitish creamish circular egg singly on the fruits and there were five larval instars. Total larva period ranged from 1520 days with an average of 17.90±0.58 days. Female longevity ranged from 6 to 8 days (7.1±0.23). Female moth length ranged from 11.50-12.20 mm (11.91±0.06) and 21.68-22.85 mm (22.23 ±0.12) in width. Male longevity ranged from 4 to 6 days (5.1±0.27). Male moth length ranged from 10.03-11.50 mm (10.78±0.15) and 20.14-21.45 mm (20.90 ±0.13) in width. The bio-efficacy study revealed that in the initial stage when the first spray was applied the mean infestation of harar fruit borer was low even in control (41.10%) after 21 days of spray all the test treatments being superior over control. After the final spray the experimental result showed that the percent infestation in all the treatments were below 43 per cent and whereas in control, it was found around 70.00 per cent. Among the tested treatments the per cent infestatrion was lowest in chlorantraniliprole 18.5 w/w @0.005% (7.77%) followed by cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD @0.01% (9.99) and fenvalrate 20 EC @0.012% (14.43%) were proved effective. The biopesticides namely agniastra @ 2.5% and synthetic insecticide monocrotophos @ 0.108% were found least effective with percent infestation were recorded 42.21% and 24.43 %. However agniastra result were not superior over other chemical treatment but agniastra caused deformity among the adults of the pest which may have resulted in the decrease of percent infestation for next generation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF DIAMONDBACK MOTH, Plutella xylostella ON CRUCIFERS
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2019-12-02) MEENAKSHI; KUMAR, SUNIL
    The present investigations entitled “Biology and Management of Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella on crucifers” was carried out in the Department of Entomology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri (Hamirpur), Himachal Pradesh. Experiments were conducted to understand and collect data on selected aspects of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella like study of biology of DBM i.e. studied on four hosts of crucifer crops. Among these cauliflower and cabbage showed short life cycle as compared to radish and mustard. The total life cycle was completed faster in cauliflower (21.40 days) and in cabbage (25.20 days). Egg hatched (out of 100 eggs) was highest in mustard (98.00) followed by cauliflower (97.80). In bio-efficacy studies of different leaf extracts and agniastra against DBM indicated that overall mean per cent larval and pupal mortality were 46.44 and 80.67, respectively at 2.0% concentration of agniastra and minimum per cent larval and pupal mortality were 14.55 and 48.89 were recorded in aqueous leaf extract of bhang at 5.0%. From the result we can conclude that agniastra was the best formulation for the management of DBM in crucifer crops when the formulation applied at larval stages. The maximum per cent antifeedant activities were shown by 2.0% agniastra (83.56) followed by 10% aqueous leaf extract of eupatorium (67.99) higher than the standard check (chloropyriphos @ 0.01%). Bioefficacy studies of different aqueous seed extracts and cow urine against DBM, indicated that over all mean per cent larval and pupal mortality were achieved at 10% aqueous NSKE were 78.10 and 83.89, respectively. In repellent effect, NSKE have maximum per cent repellent rate 84.63 at 10% concentration and minimum 38.93 at 2.0% concentration of cow urine.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “Biology and Management of pomegranate fruit borer, Deudorix isocrates (Fab.) (Lepidoptera:Lycaenidae)”
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2019-11-12) BHARTI, VIJAY; RANA, V K
    The biology studies revealed that female laid white creamish circular eggs in mid April either singly or in clusters (15-20) in the fruit, calyx cup and upper leaves. There were five larval instars incase of pomegranate fruit borer having total larval period ranged from 26 to 32 days with an average 29.4 ± 0.6 days. Pupa was obtect and light to dark brown in color. In case of adult sexual dimorphism was observed as females were bigger in size, brownish violet and having conspicuous orange patches in forewings. Male was smaller in size, glossy bluish violet and no orange patches in forewings. The total life cycle completed in 54 to 72 days with an average of 64.1 ± 2.37 days. The efficacy studies revealed that after the fourth spray the experimental result showed that the percent infestation in all the treatments were below 20 per cent and whereas in control, it was found around 51.67 per cent. When the mean per cent infestation after each foliar application compared the experimental results showed that among the tested treatments the per cent infestation was lowest in spinosad 45SC @0.004% (8.19%) followed by Flubendiamide 20% WG @0.02% (9.17%) and incase of biopesticides Agniastra @5% (9.58%) proved significantly superior to all other insecticides/biopesticides with avoidable losses value of these tested treatments were 73.03%, 72.52% and 70.55% respectively. All the non chemical methods proved significantly superior to the control. No phytotoxicity symptoms were recorded in any of the treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne incognita
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2019-10-07) GUPTA, HIMANSHI; KUMAR, SUNIL
    The present investigations entitled “Eco-friendly management of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita” was carried out to record the effect of leaf/seed kernel extracts of different indigenous plants and in combination with microbial bioagents formulations namely, Trichoderma viride (2 × 109 cfu/g), Verticillium chlamydosporium (2 × 109 cfu/g) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (1 × 108 cfu/g) for the management of root knot nematode, M. incognita in vitro and in vivo on tomato. The aqueous leaf extract of Vitex negundo was found to be effective for juvenile mortality of M. incognita. Efficacy of the formulation increased with increase in concentrations as well as exposure periods. While aqueous leaf extract of Eupatorium perfoliatum @ 10% concentration and V. negundo @ 10% concentration were effective in reducing the egg hatching of M. incognita. In another experiment, Cow urine @ 10% (v/v) was found to be effective for the juvenile mortality as well as in reducing the egg hatching of M. incognita. Agniastra @ 100 ml in combination with T. viride @ 2g/1000 cm3 soil played an important role in improving the plant status of tomato like shoot length, root length, shoot weight, root weight and leaf count per plant and in reducing the nematode population both in soil and in roots, this leads in reducing the root gall formation of tomato.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF MANGO FRUIT FLY Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera : Tephritidae)
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2019-09-12) KUMARI, TARUNA; RANA, V K
    The present investigations entitled “Eco-friendly Management of Mango Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)” were carried out in the College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri (Hamirpur), Himachal Pradesh. Experiments were conducted to understand and collect data on select aspects of mango fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis like study of Eco-friendly Management by using different Insecticides/chemicals with some NonChemical methods, evaluation of various MATs and Baits for trapping of fruit flies, Population fluctuation of fruit flies infesting fruit crops in Hamirpur district during 2018-19. Among the various Male Annihilation Techniques evaluated against fruit fly, Methyl Eugenol (4ml) + Malathion (1ml) + Ethanol (6ml) septum size (8x2x1.8cm3) showed on an average highest catches (43.80/94.60/127.08 fruit flies/trap/week) in different months, and showed significant superiority over other treatments. Among the different coloured traps evaluated against fruit fly at Bhota and Jalari, yellow trap (764.62/1555.50 fruit flies/trap) showed significant superiority over other traps except green trap (507.87/1364.37 fruit flies/trap) which was at par with yellow trap. On an average the population of fruit flies was more at Jalari Farm than Bhota Farm. Among different baits evaluated against Mango fruit fly, BAT 4 i.e. Casein + Sugar + Banana pulp (25.44 fruit flies/trap) recorded maximum number of fruit flies and was found significantly superior over other traps. Lambda cyhalothrin (0.004%) is significantly superior (8.33% infestation) compared to all other insecticides, followed by Chlorantraniliprole (0.005%), Cyantraniliprole (0.002%), Spinosad (0.004%) and Deltamethrin (0.0028%), Neem (0.002%), Cypermethrin (0.0075% ), and Malathion (0.1% + 1% sugar) showed 10.67, 12.00, 12.33, 14.00, 19.00, 21.00, 21.67 per cent infestation, respectively. The peak population in seasonal fluctuation have been highest in the month of August followed by July and September.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INSECT-PESTS, NATURAL ENEMIES AND SOIL MICRO FLORA IN CABBAGE UNDER ZERO BUDGET NATURAL AND CONVENTIONAL FARMING SYSTEMS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-11) RANA, AKSHAY; CHANDEL, R S
    ABSTRACT The present investigation ‘Insect-pests, natural enemies and soil micro flora in cabbage under Zero Budget Natural and Conventional Farming systems’ was conducted during the year 2018-19 at YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. During the study period, as many as 7 insect-pests species viz. cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), cabbage head borer, Hellula undalis (Fabricius), diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (L), greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood and flea beetle, Phyllotreta sp. were recorded from Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) and Conventional Farming (CF) systems. Seasonally, the pest population in the two farming systems did not differ significantly. The natural enemies diversity was higher in ZBNF (7 species) than CF (6 species). In ZBNF system, Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) was an additional species, besides six other common species viz. Coccinella septempunctata L., Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer), Eupeodes frequens (Matsumura), Metasyrphus confrator (Wiedemann) and Diaeretiella rapae (Mc’Intosh) common in both farming systems. The biological and biochemical properties of soil were also studied, in which ZBNF enhanced the soil micro flora significantly over CF system (bacteria: 3.03; fungi: 12.5; actinomycete: 12.4%). The soil enzyme activities viz. dehydrogenase, phosphatase and urease were also enhanced by 34.29, 7.31 and 10.51 per cent, respectively, in ZBNF over CF system. ZBNF system proved as efficient as CF in the management of insect-pests of cabbage under their respective management practices. However, it added more soil micro flora and enhanced enzyme activities more than CF and thus leaving more fertile soil for next crop.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCONTROL POTENTIAL OF Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) AGAINST Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) IN TOMATO
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-12) GULERIA, PRANSHU; SHARMA, P L
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Biocontrol potential of Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in tomato” was conducted during the year 2018-2019 at Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most destructive pest of tomato throughout the world. In the present study biocontrol potential of N. formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) against this pest was studied. N. formosa attacked first three instars of T. absoluta with highest parasitism (46%), host feeding (15%) and host killing (61%) in the second instar. Developmental time from egg to adult, male longevity, female longevity and fecundity of the parasitoid on different host instars varied from 16 to 16.8 days, 9 to 10.4 days, 27.3 to 30.4 days and 11 to 45.6 eggs/female, respectively. Gross reproductive rate, net reproductive rate, innate capacity of natural increase, true intrinsic rate of increase, true generation time, finite rate of increase, doubling time and weekly multiplication rate varied from 5.11 to 3.48 females/female, 4.37 to 19.07 females/female, 0.0499 to 0.1272,0.0557 to 0.1293 females/female/day,21.91 to 25.43 days, 1.06 to 1.14 females/day,5.37 to 13.15 days and 1.49 to 2.48 times, respectively. Gross kill rate, net kill rate, innate capacity for host kill, true kill rate, finite rate of host kill, weekly kill rate of the parasitoid varied from 13.84 to 46.16 hosts/female, 11.53 to 27.42 hosts/female, 0.0932 to 0.1417, 0.1025 to 0.1474 hosts/female/day, 1.13 to 1.21 hosts/day, 2.27 to 2.97 times, respectively. The parasitoid exhibited Type II functional response with handling time and attack rate of 4.12 to 11.28 and 0.01 to 0.04, and 2.66 to 7.26 and 0.02 to 0.05 when estimated on the bases of parasitism and total host kill, respectively. Mutual interference (m=0.145-0.404) is N. formosa occurred when foraged in densities from 2 to 8 females per 30 larvae.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF DIPTERAN PESTSNOXIOUS TO Pleurotus sajor caju (Jacq.) P. Kumm
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-11) BHARGAV, OSHIN; KHANNA, ANJU SUDHAKAR
    ABSTRACT The present explorations entitled ‘Seasonal abundance and management of dipteran pests noxious to Pleurotus sajor caju (Jacq.) P. Kumm’ was planned to apprise with the faunistic alliance of oyster mushrooms with sciarid flies (Order Diptera) prevalent in abundance in mushroom farms. These tiny pests were randomly collected from the cropping rooms of the Mushroom house of UHF, Nauni, Solan and on the basis of their morphological features, were identified as Bradysia tritici (Coquillet). The adults of these flies were dark greyish tiny insects with elongated abdomen, long legs and a pair of wings having distinct Y- shaped pattern. Morphometric studies revealed female flies to be larger and more in number than their male counter parts, former having longer life span of 3-5 days. The adult flies exhibited phototactic behaviour as they were trapped on the yellow sticky traps placed near the source of light in enormous numbers and also, the bags kept on the topmost shelves receiving ample light suffered more severe insect infestation than the bags placed in the lowest shelves exposed to dim light. These flies occurred in mushroom house in varying counts during different parts of the year with their peak population in the months of September and October when average temperature ranged between 13.5 and 20.5oC. Among the four Pleurotus species screened for their susceptibility against B. tritici, all were found to be vulnerable; P. cornuopiae being the most susceptible followed by P. florida, P. ostreatusand P. sajor caju in the order of decreasing susceptibilities. The maggotsof the test fly were voracious feeders of Pleurotus spawn, mycelium as well as lamellae of sporopcarps and incurred huge quantitative as well as qualitative losses, thus warranting the employment of management tactics which essentially needed to be crop friendly owing to the unique growing technology and extreme sensitivity of the mushrooms. Three experiments on bio-management of B. tritici involving use of plant extracts, insect growth regulators and organic bioproducts were laid to manage the pest in oyster mushroom. Among the plant extracts, NSKE and Neemkavach at five per cent and castor leaf extract at two per cent were found to be the most effective against the test insect. Inclusion of IGRs in the cropping bags improved the mushroom production significantly by curbing the proper development of maggots; Teflubenzuron, Novaluron and Diflubenzuron being more effective than Lufenuron. The test organic bioproducts were not as effective. Only suitable product was dashgavya, which when used at ten per cent not only reduced the insect population but also improved the mushroom yields.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOEFFICACY AND RESIDUE DYNAMICS OF COMBINATION PRODUCT OF NOVALURON AND LAMBDA CYHALOTHRIN AGAINST INSECT PESTS OF TOMATO
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-10) VINIT, KUMAR; KATNA, SAPNA
    ABSTRACT The present investigations on “Bioefficacy and residue dynamics of combination product of novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin against insect pests of tomato” was carried out during 2018 in the department of Entomology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the bioefficacy of combination product of novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin (GPI 1316) against insect pests of tomato and their persistence on tomato fruits and soil. The study comprised of treatments viz., novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin (9.45+1.9%) ZC @ 47+10 g a.i./ha, novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin (9.45+1.9%) ZC @ 71+14 g a.i./ha, novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin (9.45+1.9%) ZC @ 142+28 g a.i./ha, novaluron 10 EC @ 75 g a.i./ha, lambda cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 28 g a.i./ha and chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 28 g a.i./ha. Bioefficacy results revealed that novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 142+28 g a.i./ha, was most effective against both, fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera) (83.82-92.42 %) and pin worm (Tuta absoluta) (76.31-91.31%) showing highest percent larval reduction followed by novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 71+14 g a.i./ha and novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 47+10 g a.i./ha. Minimum fruit damage of fruit borer (3.61%) and pin worm (2.33%) was observed with novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 142+28 g a.i./ha, followed by novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 71+14 g a.i./ha and novaluron + lambda cyhalothrin @ 47+10 g a.i./ha and found statistically at par with each other. Two foliar applications of test insecticide at standard and double dose did not showed any phyto-toxic symptoms. The initial deposits of 0.567 and 1.241 mg/kg of novaluron and 0.282 and 0.531 mg/kg of lambda cyhalothrin were recorded at the standard and double dose after second application of combination product of novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin. Novaluron residues persisted upto 10 and 15 days whereas residues of lambda cyhalothrin persisted upto 5 and 7 days at standard and double dose, respectively in tomato fruits. The residues of both novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin in fruits reduced to half in less than 3 days. Novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin residues were found below determination level in tomato field soil at 20th day after last application of both the doses. From the consumer safety point of view, the safe waiting period of 15 days was suggested for the combination product of novaluron and lambda cyhalothrin for tomato.