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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2012 - 201527
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Subject: Entomology × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 27
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    RESIDUE DYNAMICS OF ACEPHATE, CYPERMETHRIN AND PROFENOFOS PROFENOFOS IN CHILLI IN CHILLI IN CHILLI ( (( (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) JASWAL, ANIL KUMAR; PATYAL, S.K.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Residue dynam ics of acephate, cypermethrin and profenofos in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)” was carried out in the Department of Entomology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year 2014. The objectives of the investigation were to study the dissipation behaviour of acephate, cypermethrin and profenofos in chilli fruits, residues of these insecticides in chilli cropped soil and to study the role of household practices in insecticide decontamination. The dissipation study on chilli fruits recorded initial deposits due to single dose each of acephate, cypermethrin and profenofos as 0.754, 0.353 and 1.197 mgkg -1 , respectively. However, at double dose the deposits were 1.552, 0.523 and 2.251 mgkg -1 for respective insecticides. Acephate, cypermethrin and profenofos residues in soil after application on crop were 0.311, 0.081 and 0.561 mgkg -1 at single dose and 0.460, 0.111 and 1.102 mgkg -1 at double dose, respectively. The residues of acephate and profenofos reduced to half in less than 2 days, whereas in cypermethrin it took 2.2-2.3 days. The waiting periods for the respective insecticides were work out at the li mit of determination (0.05 mgkg -1 ) due to lack of MRL value in India. The safe waiting period s for chilli were suggested as 8.2, 7.7 and 10.3 days for acephate, cypermethrin and profenofos, respectively. The tap water washing, lukewarm water washing, vinegar water washing and t amarind water washing of chilli fruits were effective in removing residues upto 45.06, 48.92, 53.80 and 54.10 per cent, respectively. However, saline water washing was found most effective (upto 59.05%) in dislodging insecticide residues. The study concluded that prof enofos was the most persistent and cypermethrin as least among test insecticides applied on chilli fruits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic nematodes against white grub, Brahmina coriacea(Hope)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) SHARMA, ISHA; MOHINDER, SINGH
    ABSTRACT The investigations were conducted on “Evaluation of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic nematodes against white grub, Brahmina coriacea (Hope)”. In surveys, conducted for isolation of entomopathogenic nematodes, three nematode species, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema feltiae and an unidentified species of Steinernema were isolated from 4 out of 9 localities surveyed in Solan and Sirmour districts of Himachal Pradesh. H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae were found very effective against the II and III instar grubs of B. coriacea. S. feltiae was found slightly better than H. bacteriophora against the II instar grubs with average mortality of 45.00 to 83.89 per cent at different concentrations in 30 days of exposure to nematodes against 39.44 to 82.22 per cent average mortality in H. bacteriophora at same concentrations and exposure period. The LC 50 values for S. feltiae at 10 and 15 days after treatment against the II instar grubs were 39.84 and 12.37 IJs/cm 2 , respectively, against 71.45 and 20.59 IJs/cm 2 in H. bacteriophora at same exposure. Similarly, LT 50 values for S. feltiae against II instar grubs were 11.4 days and 9.2 days at 20 and 40 IJs/cm 2 , respectively, whereas, in H. bacteriophora, the LT 50 values of 14.7 and 11.3 days were obtained at same concentrations. H. bacteriophora was proved better than S. feltiae against the III instar grubs with 100 per cent morality with this species at 160 IJs/cm 2 after 25 days of treatment against 80 per cent mortality with S. feltiae at same concentration and exposure. The LC 50 value of H. bacteriophora against III instar grub at 20 days after treatment was found to be 18.33 IJs/cm 2 against 29.26 IJs/cm 2 for S. feltiae. The LT 50 values of H. bacteriophora against III instar at 40 and 80 IJs/cm 2 were 15.8 and 9.7 days, respectively against 16.7 and 13.9 days in S. feltiae at same concentrations. The interactions of entomopathogenic fungus, B. bassiana with H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae at all inoculation combinations were found to be antagonistic. Whereas, the interaction of M. anisopliae with H. bacteriophora was found to be antagonistic initially up to 5 days of nematode application, then it turned additive and the interaction was synergistic after 30 days of treatment when the nematodes were applied 3 weeks after fungal inoculations. The interaction of M. anisopliae with S. feltiae was found to be antagonistic up to 15 days and then it turned additive. The indigenous strains of H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae are highly effective against white grub, B. coriacea and can be exploited for control of this pest alone or in combination with M. anisopliae under field conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY OF PARASITOIDS OF Liriomyza trifolii(Burgess) AND Chromatomyia horticola(Goureau) IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) RAJINDER, KUMAR; SHARMA, P.L.
    ABSTRACT Parasitoids viz. Diglyphus horticola, Diglyphus isaea, Cirrospilus sp., Zagrammosoma sp., Hemiptarsenus varicornis, Pnigaliosp.,Quadrastichus plaquoi, Asecodes delucchii, Asecodes erxias, Closterocerus sp.,Neochrysocharis formosa, Chrysocharis sp.,Chrysocharis indicus, Pediobius indicus (Eulophidae), Opius exiguus, Dacnusa sp. (Braconidae), Cyrtogaster sp., Sphegigaster sp. (Pteromalidae), Gronotoma sp. (Figitidae) and an unidentified ceraphronid were recorded from Chromatomyia horticolaand/or Liriomyza trifoliifrom Himachal Pradesh. Agroclimatic zone II of the state was the richest in parasitoid diversity (19 species) followed by zone I (13 species), zone IV (9 species) and zone III (8 species). D. isaeaand D. horticola were the dominant parasitoids of C. horticolacontributing 41.46 to 80.15 and 9.16 to 50.65 per cent of the total parasitization in different agroclimatic zones. However, the parasitoids community of L. trifoliiwas dominated by N. formosa(except zone IV) with a relative share of 4.0 to 69.72 per cent. Under mid hill conditionsof the state 13 parasitoids of L. trifoliiwere active from May 2013 to November 2013 resulting in 16.6 to 35.3 per cent parasitization. Similarly, 13 species of parasitoids were active against C. horticolafrom December 2012 to April 2013 causing 31.03 to 59.7 per cent parasitization. The body length, body breadth and wing expanse of different eulophids varied from 0.77 to 2.2, 0.22 to 0.54 and 1.32 to 4.25 mm for females and 0.75 to 1.6, 0.18 to 0.49 and 1.14 to 2.32 mm for males. The respective values of braconids ranged from 1.87 to 1.89, 0.56 to 0.58and 4.03 to 4.88 mm for females; and 1.53 to 1.80, 0.52 to 0.56 and 4.04 to 4.71 mm for males; and that of pteromalids from 1.69 to 1.80, 0.53 and 2.95 to 3.39 mm for females and 1.67 to 1.74, 0.48 and 2.82 to 3.12 mm for males. The development of D. isaea and N. formosa was completed in 14.1 and 13.1 days on C. horticolaand L. trifolii, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON PERSISTENCE OF ACEPHATE, PROFENOFOS AND TRIAZOPHOS IN OKRA
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) NEGI, SARSWATI; SHARMA, I D
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on persistence of acephate, profenofos and triazophos in okra’’ was carried out in the Department of Entomology, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year 2014. The objectives of the study were i) to evaluate the persistence of acephate, profenofos and triazophos in okra fruits, ii) effect of processings on residues and the accumulation of insecticides in the soil. The persistence study on okra fruits recorded initial deposits due to single dose each of acephate, methamidophos, profenofos and triazophos as 1.858, 0.048, 1.418 and 1.838 mg kg -1 , respectively. However, at double dose the deposits were 3.337, 0.068, 2.801 and 3.092 mg kg -1 for respective insecticide. The initial deposits of 0.291, 0.483 and 0.500 mg kg -1 at single dose and 0.443, 0.056, 1.003 and 1.203 mg kg -1 at double dose were observed for acephate, methamidophos, profenofos and triazophos, respectively, in okra cropped soil. Acephate, profenofos and triazophos residues persisted in okra fruits upto 7 and 10 days at single and double dose, respectively. The residues of acephate, profenofos and triazophos in fruits reduced to half in less than 2 days. The waiting periods for the studied insecticides were worked out at their limit of determination(0.05 mgkg -1 ) due to lack of MRL value in India. The safe waiting periods on okra were suggested as8.2, 7.6 and 7.4 days for acephate, profenofos and triazophos, respectively. The washing of okra fruits by tap water, saline water and lukewarm water were found effective in removing the residues upto 41.87, 50.00 and 58.13 per cent, respectively. Open pan and microwave cooking provided upto 56.20 and 63.50 per cent relief, respectively from insecticide contamination. Cooking (microwave) was found as the most effective decontamination process.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THRIPS FAUNA AND THEIR ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES ON DIFFERENT CROPS UNDER MID HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) SANJTA, SUMAN; CHAUHAN, USHA
    ABSTRACT A total of fourty one species of thrips belonging to two suborders i.e. Terebrantia and Tubulifera in three families viz Thripidae, Aeolothripidae and Phlaeothripidae were recorded from different horticultural crops surveyed. Out of these, thirty four species were phytophagous and seven were predatory. The phytophagous species were Thrips spp.(three different species), T. tabaci Lindeman, T. palmi Karny, T. flavus Schrank, T. flavidulus Bagnall, T. formosanus Priesner , T. carthami Shumsher Singh, T. longiceps Bagnall, T.meridionalis, T.setosus Moulton, T.alatus Bhatti, T.himalyanus Pelikan, T.kodaikanalensis Ananthakrishnan & Jagadish, T.simplex Morison, T.hawaiiensis Morgan, T. andrewsi Bagnall, T. florum Schmutz, Taeniothrips sp., Microcephalothrips abdominalis Crawford DL, Bathrips melanicornis Shumsher, Ayyaria chaetophora Karny, Anaphothrips sudanensis Trybom , Frankliniella sulphurea Trybom, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, Neohydatothrips samayankur Kudo, Megalurothrips peculiarisBagnall, Retithrips syriacusMayet, Mycterothrips sp. Trybom, Haplothrips sp.,H. tenuipennis Bagnall, H.? tenuipennis andH.clarisetis Priesner. The predatory species were Scolothrips sexmaculatus Pergande, Aeolothrips sp., A. nigricornisAnanthakrishnan, A. indicusBhatti, A.meridionalis Priesner, A. intermediusBagnall and A.distinctusBhatti. Seven species of natural enemies were also found associated with thrips. These were Orius sp. Wolff, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi Esben-Petersen, Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, Oenopia kirbyi Mulsant, Oenopia sauzeti Mulsant, Amblyseius sp. and few unidentified spiders. Seasonal abundance of the thrips was also assessed. In onion the peak activity of thrips was observed in the month of March, in beans andcucumber the peak activity was in the month of July while in rose two peaks were observed i.e. first during the month of May and second during the month of October.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STATUS OF PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES IN APPLE ORCHARDS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) SEN, SHALINI; SHARMA, G.C.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations were carried out duringthe period of research on “Status of plant parasitic nematodes in apple orchards of Himachal Pradesh”. In the present study, ten plant parasitic nematodes viz. T. mashhoodi, H. dihystera, P. coffeae, P. curvitatus, Meloidogyne sp., M. xenoplax, G. peperpotti. Xiphinema sp., Tylenchus sp.and H. indicus were found harboring the rhizosphere of apple orchards. Most frequently occurring nematodes were P. coffeae, H. dihystera and T. mashhoodi(100%) followed by Meloidogyne sp. (83%), P. curvitatus, Xiphinema sp. and Tylenchus sp. (33%) and M. xenoplax and H. indicus (16%). Highest population was recorded for the H.dihystera (600/ 200 cc soil) followed by P. coffeae, T. mashhoodi(500) while it remained minimum for the Xiphinema sp. (50/200 cc soil). With highest average population of 152 per 200cc soil, P. coffeae dominated the other nematodes. Among the abiotic factors recorded viz. altitude, pH, organic carbon, moisture, temperature and age of tree, altitude showed its significant positive impact on the population build up of P. coffeae i.e. with the increase in altitude the nematode population was found increased. Age of tree was also found significantly influencing the total nematode population in the orchards with its positive impact. Impact of other parameters on the population build up of nematodes remained non considerable.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF NEMATODES IN CUCUMBER UNDER PROTECTED CONDITIONS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) HEMA; KHANNA, ANJU S.
    ABSTRACT The present piece of scientific investigation entitled “Ecofriendly management of nematodes in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under protected conditions” was conducted to explore the possibilities of nematode management in highly susceptible cucumber crop by using environment friendly tools of management so that the use of inorganic chemicals could be minimised and confined to nursery soil only. Among the various nursery soil treatments, soil solarization and fumigation with soil disinfectants viz., dazomet, metham sodium, and formaldehyde at recommended doses were found to be highly effective and caused significantnematode mortality. These treatments did not show any hazardous effect on plants as seeds sown in soils receiving these treatments attained optimum length and their roots were healthy and without anygalling. Vermicompost application, on the other hand, was not effective and the seedlings growing in this treatment remained shorter with significant galling of roots, equivalent to that recorded in the seedlings in untreated soil (control). The healthy seedlings when transplanted in nematode infested polyhouse soil, performed better with respect to fruit yield and gall index as compared to the retarded nematode infested galled seedlings. However, heavy galling at termination in all the treatments indicated of high crop susceptibility to nematode infection that signified the need of nematode management in polyhouse soil as well. Among the organic amendments applied in nematode infested polyhouse soil, best yields and significantly reduced galling was recorded in the vines receivingneem cake application followed by mustard cake. Groundnut cake was ineffective against M. incognitaand did not enhance the yield which remained statistically similar to the quantum of produce obtained in untreated control. All the cultivars viz. Cucumis sativusvar. Maharaja,Cucumis sativus var. PCUC-15, Cucumis sativusvar. Pusa Sanyog, Cucumis sativusvar. Kheera Hybrid-1 and Cucumis sativusvar. Kian screened against M. incognita were found to be highly susceptible; Kian and Kheera Hybrid 1 being more susceptible to M incognita as compared to other three test cultivars. However,variations in the yields of various cultivars seemed to be more due to their inherent yield charactersistics and less due to variations in their susceptibility level.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS STRAINS OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES OF H.P.
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) DHIRTA, BABITA; KHANNA, ANJU S.
    ABSTRACT The present piece of research entitled “Morphological identification and molecular characterization of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic nematodes of H.P.” was conducted to record the incidence and work out the systematics of indigenous populations of entomopathogenic nematodes wherein molecular characterization and relationships were worked out to support the traditional morphological taxonomic tools. EPNs occurred in lower frequency in their natural habitats and preferred the mild climate. Both the important genera of entomopathogenic nematodes viz., Steinernema and Heterorhabditis were recovered from the soils of undisturbed orchards of Bhuiraand Rajgarh located in district Sirmour and Ambarkothi in district Solan. The population of Steinernema isolated from Bhuira was identified as Steinernema indicus n. sp. on the basis of morphological characters and morphometric variations from the closely related species. RAPD profile analysis revealed that this species had 25% variations from S. feltiae, another population recorded from the nearby Rajgarh area. Steinernema population encountered from Ambarkothi was significantly different, being small in size and showed appreciable taxonomic variance from the related species of its group. Accordingly, it was designated as S. spardhai n. sp. Both the populations of Heterorhabditis recorded from Rajgarh and Ambarkothi showed close proximity with the originally described H. bacteriophora and so were designated as indigenous populations of H. bacteriophora. Body length, EP, ES, tail length, D%, E% of IJs and size of spicules and gubernaculums, per cent GS and D values and SW in males were observed as stable diagnostic characters for identification of EPNs at species level. Presence of mucro at tail tip, prominence of vulval lips and post anal swellings in females were other differentiating tools for identification of species of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. RAPD molecular markers analysis supported the variability recorded in morphological systematics of referred nematodes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INSECT AND MITE PEST COMPLEX OF FRENCH BEAN AND THEIR MANAGEMENT UNDER MID-HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) RAKESH, KUMAR; CHANDEL, RPS
    ABSTRACT Studies were conducted to know the insect and mite pest complex of French bean grown under agro-climatic conditions of mid-hill of Himachal Pradesh during the year of 2012-2014 in the experimental area of Department of Entomology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni-Solan (HP). Six pest species was found associated with French bean crop namely the black bean bug (Chauliops nigrescens Distant), bean bug (Riptortis sp.), serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii Burgess), phytophagous snail (Bensonia monticola Hutton), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood) and phytophagous mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Most of the pest infested the crop from June to August. Of the ten genotypes (Shriya, Chandani, Victoria, Noori, Falguni, Solan Naina, Contender, Meenakshi, SVM and KW), screened for the resistance against the pests, SVM, Meenakshi , KW and Solan Naina were found promising for least infestation of the most of the pests. SVM, Meenakshi and KW were the effective cultivars for avoiding attack of black bean bug whereas KW, SVM and Meenakshi were found more resistant to leaf miner. KW, Falguni and Solan Naina were more resistance to greenhouse whitefly whereas Solan Naina, Victoria and SVM against snail. Of the various insecticides evaluated against the pests, deltamethrin (0.0056%) was found most effective against black bean bug. Spiromesifen (0.0075%) and imidacloprid (0.03%) proved to be the most effective against greenhouse whitefly, T. vaporariorum whereas in case of mite, spiromesifen (0.0075%) and fenazaquin (0.0025%) proved to be effective control.