Thumbnail Image

Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

Browse

20177
Reset filters
Subject: Basic Sciences × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LYTIC ENZYMES FROM Pseudomonas SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH APPLE
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-12) KUMARI, MANORMA; KAUR, MOHINDER
    ABSTRACT The aim of present study was production and characterization of lytic enzymes i.e. protease and chitinase produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. isolated from the normal and replant sites of apple orchards. Eleven Pseudomonas sp. were isolated from the replant sites of Rauni and Maggota of Shimla district. Four isolated strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. from replant sites of apple were also used for screening of direct and indirect plant growth promoting activities like lytic enzymes (protease & chitinase), siderophores, phosphate solubilization and production of HCN, ammonia, plant growth regulators (auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins), antifungal and antibacterial activity. By 16S rRNA gene characterization, isolates Rn1 and Mgn1 showed 99.0% and 97.0% similarity with Pseudomonas brassicacearum KU139391 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. The pathogenic fungal isolates from replant sites of orchard at Rauni i.e. RF3 showed 99.0% similarity with Phytopythium litorale and from Maggota i.e. MF5 showed 99.0% similarity with Pythium ultimum by ITS gene sequencing. Optimization of media, time of incubation, temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen and mineral sources were done for the production and characterization of protease & chitinase from four Pseudomonas strains L (Pseudomonas putida), M (Pseudomonas fluorescens), G and H (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), which were also used for mass multiplication of inoculum for field trials. Purification of protease and chitinase was done through Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. Through SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, the molecular weight of Protease was recorded as 31.0 to 43kDa and 26.0 to 38.0kDa for chitinase. This study also reported significant role of protease & chitinase in antagonistic activity against Dematophora necatrix, Phytopythium litorale and Pythium ultimum. Lytic enzymes (protease and chitinase) are responsible for the lysis and hyperparasitism of antagonists against deleterious fungal and bacterial pathogens. Lytic enzymes along with other plant growth promoting activities may be the reasons for better establishment and growth promotion of replanted apple. Treatments with bioformulations of consortia were found to be more effective in growth and establishment of replanted apple. Therefore these strains can be exploited for the management of replant problem of apple.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM DAIRY PRODUCTS AND TO ASSESS THEIR ROLE IN ENHANCING THE SHELF LIFE OF FOOD
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-11) THAKUR, ARCHANA; SHARMA, NIVEDITA
    ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out to isolate most efficient bacteriocin producing potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria from dairy products, their screening, identification, probiotic attributes, purification, characterization of purified bacteriocin on biochemical as well as on molecular level and application of bacteriocin as food bio-preservatives. In addition, probiotic attributes of bacteriocin producing lactic acid bacteria and its role in bacteriocin mediated and cell mediated preservation was studied. In total, 41 lactic acid bacterial strains, were isolated from different dairy products. Out of all, 59 % lactic acid bacterial strains were catalase -ve, and 41 % of the lactic acid bacterial isolates were catalase +ve. Further isolates were screened against five spoilage causing food borne pathogens by bit/disc method. Among all, 15 isolates were further screened to test bacteriocin production potential on the basis of their wide inhibitory spectrum against tested pathogens. Finally four isolates i.e L2, K1, MK7 and MM3 were selected for further studies being hyperbacteriocin producers, which were isolated from lassi, khoa, mhakan and human milk respectively. Isolate L2 was identified as Lactobacillus fermentum |MF443392|, K1 as Enterococcus sp. |MF464543|, MK7 as Lactobacillus casei |MF443393| and MM3 as Enterococcus faecium |MF464544| by 16S rRNA gene technique. These screened isolates were further examined for their probiotic potential viz. acid tolerance, bile tolerance, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation and hydrophobicity. Lactobacillus fermentum L2 was selected further for the purification of bacteriocin by gel exclusion chromatography and its molecular weight was found to be 5 kDa. Activity units of purified bacteriocin increased from 6×103 to 10×103 AU/ml. Purified bacteriocin titers of Lactobacillus fermentum L2 were enhanced by 40 % against S. aureus and 40 % against Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Purified bacteriocin of Lactobacillus fermentum L2 was characterized by studying the effect of temperature, pH , proteolytic enzymes and storage stability. Purified bacteriocin was most active against S. aureus at neutral pH and had high thermostability and sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes-trypsin and pepsin. The use of the bacteriocin mediated preservation and cell mediated preservation tested in food products plum RTS and pulp had been found quite satisfactory.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIO-PRESERVATION OF PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS USING POTENTIAL FOOD GRADE MICRO-ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM TRADITIONAL ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-11) DHARWAL, ARCHANA; SHARMA, NIVEDITA
    ABSTRACT In the current study, an attempt was carried out to isolate most efficient bacteriocinogenic microorganisms from unexplored traditional alcoholic beverages for their screening, identification, optimization to enhance the maximum bacteriocin production and purification, characterization of purified bacteriocin and its application in food bio-preservation. In total, 80 microbial strains, were isolated from different traditional alcoholic beverages on different media and were tested for their antagonistic activity against five food borne pathogens by bit/disc method. Among them, 20 isolates were further selected on the basis of their wide inhibitory spectrum against tested pathogens. Out of 20 isolates, 4 isolates were selected for further study based upon their hyperbacteriocin activity. These isolates were identified as SM6- Lactobacillus brevis |MF443391|, ChM3- Brevibacillus parabrevis |MF443389|, DM2- Brevibacillus agri |MF443390|, GM1- Brevibacillus formosus GM1 |MF459651| by 16S rRNA gene technique. The selected isolates were tested for different probiotic attributes by evaluating acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance, auto-aggregation, adhesion to hydrocarbons, co-aagregation and cumulative probiotic potential. Lactobacillus brevis SM6 was selected further for the purification of bacteriocin by SDS PAGE and its molecular weight was found to be 4.8 kDa. Activity units of purified bacteriocin increased from 2×103 AU/ml (in crude bacteriocin) to 8×103 AU/ml. Purified bacteriocin of Lactobacillus brevis SM6 was further characterized by studying the effect of temperature, pH, proteolytic enzymes and storage stability. Purified bacteriocin showed maximum activity against selected pathogen at neutral pH and was found to have high thermostability and sensitivity against proteolytic enzymes trypsin and pepsin. The use of the bacteriocin mediated preservation and cell mediated preservation were found quite satisfactory. The purified bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus brevis SM6 showed significantly high biopreservation effect in apricot RTS and pulp.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STATISTICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON CONIFERS OF TEMPERATE ZONE IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-10) SHARMA, AJIT; GUPTA, R.K.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Statistical investigations on conifers of temperate zone in Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in the forest area of Himachal Pradesh. For the study, primary data for diameter and height of conifer plantations was collected from three different forest circles viz. Kullu, Shimla, and Kinnaur. 300 trees of five conifer species viz. Cedrus deodara, Pinus roxburghii, Pinus wallichiana, Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana were recorded from each forest circle and volume was collected from the State Forest Department. The data were subjected to variability analysis in order to test the variability among different circles. Bartlett's chi-square test was used for testing the homogeneity of variances with respect to diameter, height and volume. Various probability distributions were fitted to find out the expected number of trees in each diameter class and its significance was tested by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic. Gamma distribution was observed best fitted for Cedrus deodara, Pinus wallichiana and Picea smithiana, while normal and log-normal distributions were best fitted for Abies pindrow and Pinus roxburghii respectively to estimate the number of trees in various diameter classes in temperate zone. Regression analysis was done to estimate the volume of conifer species for the construction and prediction of one way volume tables and two way volume tables on the basis of maximum value of R and R , minimum RMSE and Theil’s U-statistic, whereas validation was tested by half-split method and Chow test. The best fit linear model for Cedrus deodara and Pinus wallichiana moreover non-linear power model for Pinus roxburghii, Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana was used to construct two way volume tables. The relative dominance of conifer species was tested out with the help of importance value index (IVI).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STABILITY AND ADAPTABILITY ANALYSIS OF CARNATION (Dianthus Caryophyllus L.) VARIETIES USING STABILITY MODELS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-10) BANSAL, SMRITI; GUPTA, R.K.
    ABSTRACT The present study entitled “Stability and adaptability analysis of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) varieties using stability models” was undertaken in the Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni- Solan 173230 (H.P.) during year 2016-2017. Secondary data of 50 varieties on eight characters viz plant height(m), stem length(m), number of days to flower bud formation, number of days for first flowering, flower size(cm), number of flower stem per plant, Duration of flowering(days) and vase life(days) for three flushes were collected from the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture. Discriminant analysis were performed to classify the varieties as high and low yielder variety(ies) and high yielder varieties were subjected to the stability analysis. Significant variety × flush interaction suggested different performance of varieties over different flushes. Finlay and Wilkinson’s and Eberhart and Russell’s stability model were used to identify stable variety(ies). Tempo and UHFSCar Col.-11 were stable for plant height, UHFSCar Col.-11 and UHFSCar Col.-15 for stem length, Lady Green and Rendez Vous for days for bud formation, Master and Rendez Vous for days for first fowering, Pink Dover and UHFSCar Col.-13 for number of flower per stem, UHFSCar Col.-5, UHFSCar Col.-10, UHFSCar Col.-18 and UHFSCar Col.-19 for flower size, Rendez Vous , UHFSCar Col.-13 and UHFSCar Col.-19 for duration of flowering and UHFSCar Col.-13 and UHFSCar Col.-18 for vase life. However, UHFSCar Col.-13 was the stable variety for commercially most important characters viz. number of flower per stem, duration of flowering and vase life. Plant height and stem length of carnation crop can be improved by selection.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STATISTICAL INVESTIGATION ON BIOMASS ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERISTICS OF Acacia catechu UNDER MIDHILL SUBHUMID CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-09) ANKITA; MAHAJAN, P.K.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Statistical investigation on biomass attributing characteristics of Acacia catechu under midhill sub-humid conditions of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out at two sites i.e Plantation (Site-I) and natural forest (Site-II) ecosystems at the campus of Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni (Solan), Himachal Pradesh during the year 2016. A random sample of 60 & 45 trees was selected from plantation (Site-I) and natural forest (Site-II), respectively to record different growth characteristics i.e. diameter at breast height, tree height, crown height, crown length, crown width and bole height. Stem biomass was estimated by using non-destructive method whereas branch and leaves + twigs biomass were estimated by using partial destructive method for biomass estimation. All tree characteristics showed non-significant variations between two sites whereas bole height, total green and dry biomass showed significant mean difference between two sites. More green and dry biomass were registered in Plantation (Site-I). Green and dry biomass were positively correlated with all the growth characteristics. However, maximum correlation of biomass was obtained with diameter at breast height followed by tree height. Path analysis revealed that diameter at breast height was the most important characteristic of Acacia catechu for biomass improvement. Linear function was best fitted function for the prediction of green and dry biomass on the basis of diameter at breast height. Two Principal Components were extracted which explained 55.224 per cent and 18.715 per cent of the total variation, respectively. Using factor analysis, one factor was extracted which was a combination of diameter at breast height, tree height, crown height, bole height and crown length and explained 51.912 per cent of total variation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF CO-INOCULATION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON RHIZOBACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-09) KAMINI; CHAUHAN, ANJALI
    ABSTRACT Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are the soil bacteria inhabiting around/on the root surface and are directly or indirectly involved in promoting plant growth and development via production and secretion of various regulatory chemicals in the vicinity of rhizosphere. Generally, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria facilitate the plant growth directly by either assisting in resource acquisition (nitrogen, phosphorus and essential minerals) or modulating plant hormone levels or indirectly by decreasing the inhibitory effects of various pathogens on plant growth and development in the forms of biocontrol agents. The plant-beneficial rhizobacteria may decrease the global dependence on hazardous agricultural chemicals which destabilize the agro-ecosystems. PGPR are commonly used as inoculants for improving the growth and yield of various agricultural crops. Beneficial effects by introduction of specific microorganisms as PGPR on plant growth have been reported for numerous vegetable crops including tomato, capsicum, cauliflower and other crops grown under field conditions In the present study, PGPR (Bacillus subtilis strain 21), isolated from tomato crop with wide range of PGP traits viz., phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, HCN and IAA production was used as an inoculant to study its efficacy on growth and yield of tomato under field conditions (at variable concentration of chemical fertilizers). The PGPR Bacillus subtilis inoculation with 100% NPK showed significant increase in various growth parameters viz root length (50.94 %), shoot length (22.9 %), plant biomass (92.37 %), number of fruits per plant (61.02 %), average fruit weight (12.04 %), yield (88.61 %), ascorbic acid content (41.63 %) and TSS content (12.8 %) over control was recorded. Inoculation with PGPR enhances resident bacterial community and hence showed significant increase in bacterial population associated with tomato rhizosphere and endorhizosphere. A total of sixty five bacterial isolates were screened for P-solubilization, antifungal activity, HCN, siderophore and IAA production. On the basis of these activities, thirty one bacterial isolates were analysed for genetic diversity of ARDRA analysis. All the isolates were grouped into three major phylotypes at 75 % similarity level. The representative bacterial isolates from each phylotype were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and identified species were Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. Thus, the results of this study provides comprehensive information on the ability of Bacillus subtilis strain S21 significantly enhance the plant growth promotion of tomato when supplemented with chemical fertilizers and diversity analysis of resident rhizobacterial community.