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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF TREE SPACING AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY OF PULSE CROPS IN POPULAR (POPULUS DELTOIDES BARTR.) BASED AGRISILVICULTURE SYSTEM(COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 2012) MOHAMMED, MUKTAR; KASHYAP, S. DThesisItem Open Access GIS based land use planning for watershed management(YSPU, 2012) Sharma, Navneet; Gupta, B.The present study was conducted in ‘Sd4e’ sub-watershed of Gambhar catchment located at 31 o 00’ to 31 o 03’N latitudes and 77 o 00’ to 77 o 06’E longitudes in Solan district of H.P. India with the aim to analyse its land use through GIS and assess phytosociological attributes, biomass and carbon stock of vegetation in forests/grasslands at different elevations during the years 2007 and 2008. The sub-watershed was delineated into three elevations a) E1 (850-1150m b) E 2 (1150 -1600m) and c) E 3 (1600m & above). There are 26 villages in the sub-watershed of which five are located at E1 , 20 at E 2 and 01 is located at E 3. Population density in the sub-watershed is 210 persons/km 2 and sex ratio is 988. Reclassified DEM of the sub-watershed revealed that 31.38% area is in elevation E 1 , 42.86% in elevation E 2 and 25.76% in elevation E3 . 80.97% area of the sub-watershed is under steep slope greater than 25 0 , 5.64% area is under moderate slope of 5-15 0 and 4% area is levelland with gentle slope of 0-5 0 . Hydrology model suggested that water flow accumulation is high in the villages like Garu, Kashmari, Chiyaman, Lachog and Nalkagaon whereas, moderate accumulation of water occurs in areas like, Damehar, Denwanda, Banota and Gandrori. NDVI maps indicated that the vegetation has increased in the area from 1998 to 2010. Land use change from 1998 and 2010 showed that areaunder dense and sparse forests have increased by 6.58%. Scrubland and grassland area has decreased by 2.49% and 3.54%. Infrastructure has increased by 4.75% whereas cultivated area has decreased by 6.62% while barren land marginally increased by 1.32%. The sub-watershed nurtures varioustypes of forests at different elevations. Nine forests viz., chir pine,mixed and khair forests at elevation E1 , chir pine, mixed and ban-oak forests at elevation E2 and ban oak, mixed and chir pine forests at elevation E 3 were selected for vegetation analysis. At each elevation one grassland site was also selected to compare its vegetation with forests. In all, 61 plant species in which 7 trees, 25 shrubs, 21 grasses, 2 sedges, 2 forbs and 4 legumes were recorded in the study sites. The density, basal area and biomass of herbage vegetation under different forests/grasslands at all the elevations increased gradually with the onset of rainfall in July and attained their peak values by August/September. The density, basal area and biomass of herbage vegetation under different forests/grasslands at all the elevations increased gradually with the onset of rainfall in July and attained their peak values by August/September. The peak density and basal area of herbage in grasslands ranged from 649.60 to 1347.90 tillers/m 2 and 29.99 to 65.70 cm 2 /m 2 while, in different forests it varied from 351.20 to 1005.30tillers/m 2 and 14.87 to 43.94 cm 2 /m 2 . Biomass of herbage in grassland vegetation fluctuated from 1.785 to 5.402 t/ha and under different forests it ranged from 0.637 to 4.657 t/ha. Total biomass (aboveground and belowground biomass of herbs + shrubs + trees) in forests/grasslands at elevation E 1 showed the precedence: chir pine forest > mixed forest > khair forest > grassland. At elevation E2 it was in the order: mixed forest > ban oak forest> chir pine forest > grassland and at elevation E 3 : ban oak forest > mixed forest > chir pine forest > grassland. Total biomass in forests ranged from 116.97 to 459.9 t/ha. Carbon stock accumulation in different forests/grasslands at elevation E1decreased in order: chir pine forest > mixed forest > khair forest > grassland, at elevation E 2 it was in the order: mixed forest > ban oak forest> chir pine forest > grassland and at elevation E 3 : ban oak forest > mixed forest > chir pine forest> grassland. Total carbon stock in forests (herbs + shrubs + trees) ranged from 56.40 to 224.67 t/ha. Grasslands at different elevations produced around 1/5 to 1/22 of the carbon stock in forestsThesisItem Open Access CARBON STORAGE POTENTIAL AND BIO-ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEMS IN DRY TEMPERATE NORTH WESTERN HIMALAYAS(2012) CHISANGA, KAFULA; BHARDWAJ, D.R.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Carbon storage potential and bio-economic appraisal of different land use systems in dry temperate north western Himalayas” were carried out through experiments at different altitudinal gradients in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. These experiments were laid out in Randomized Block Design (Factorial). The present investigations were conducted to assess the biological yield, carbon stock and economic returns from the different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient and to identify suitable land use systems with high monetary return and carbon storage potential in dry temperate north-western Himalayas. Three altitudinal gradients were considered for the study viz; 1900-2170m, 2170-2440m and 2440-2710m a.s.l. In each altitudinal gradient six land use systems i.e, agriculture, horticulture, agri-horticulture, agri-hort-silviculture, silvipastural and barren land which were common to all the three altitudinal levels were selected. The total tree biomass was the sum of stem biomass, branch biomass and leaf biomass. The plot size for trees was 50 m x 20 m. The tree biomass was converted into carbon fraction by factor of 0.5 (IPCC default value). Crop, shrubs, grass biomass and litter biomass were estimated with the help of a 1 square metre plot. Soil attributes viz; bulk density, organic carbon and available nitrogen were also analyzed. Data concerning economics of the land use systems was collected through interviews with the farmers, published literature and Krishvigyan Kendra resource person of the study area. The results have revealed that different land use systems have significant influence on the production of above, below and total biomass, carbon density (t ha-1), financial returns, expenses, net-profit and benefits-cost ratio. Maximum above ground biomass (84.65 t ha-1), below ground biomass (19.50 t ha-1) and total biomass (104.10 t ha-1) was recorded in the silvi-pasture (T5) land use system. Total biomass production of different land use systems followed the order: silvipasture > agri-horti-silviculture > agrihorticulture > horticulture > agriculture > barren land, respectively. This trend is same for carbon density (t ha-1), of different land use systems. In the effect of altitudinal ranges, the above ground biomass, below ground biomass, total biomass and carbon stock, irrespective of land use systems increased with the increase in altitudinal level. Soil physico-chemical analysis revealed that there is significant variation due to bulk density, organic carbon and available nitrogen in different soil layers of different land use systems. The value of SOC and available N decreases with increase in depth, but it increases with increase in altitudinal level. Maximum soil carbon density (155.77t ha-1) in (0-100cm) layer was in agri-horticulture land use system. Maximum total (soil+plant) ecosystem carbon density followed the trend agri-horticulture > agri-horti-silviculture > silvi-pasture > horticulture > agriculture > barren land, respectively in descending order. The maximum soil:plant carbon density ratio (23.10 t ha-1) was recorded in agriculture land use system which was found to be significantly higher than all other land use systems under investigation. Rate of gross return was maximum (Rs 18,23,000) in agri-horticulture system, which was closely followed by the land use systems of horticulture, agri-horti-silviculture, silvi-pasture system, agriculture and barren land, respectively in the descending order. Irrespective of land use systems rate of gross return increases with the increase in altitudinal levels. Maximum expenses followed the order: agri-horticulture > horticulture > agri-horti-silviculture > agriculture > silvi-pasture > barren land, respectively. Maximum net profit was attained by agri-horticulture system (Rs, 13,10,000), which was closely followed by horticulture (Rs 11,65,852), only. Net returns as achieved in other land use systems viz., agriculture, silvi-pasture and barren land were quite low in comparison to fruit based land use systems. In altitudinal ranges, the net profit obtained increased appreciably from A1 to A3. A3 altitudinal range had the highest net profit. Benefit-cost ratio was maximum (6.63) in the silvipasture based land use system, which was closely followed by the land use systems of barren land (4.73), horticulture (3.93), agri-horticulture (3.50) and agriculture (1.41), respectively, in the descending order. From this finding we can conclude that agri-horticulture systems are better land use option because not only do they provide very high returns but also increases the carbon storage potential as well as fertility status (% C and N) in comparison to other land use systems in general and agriculture in particular.ThesisItem Open Access PROPAGATION STUDIES ON Rhododendron arboreum Smith(2012) VIPASHA; SHARMA, D.P.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Propagation studies on Rhododendron arboreum Smith” was undertaken in the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni-Solan 173230 (H.P.) during 2011-2012. The study involved four experiments in all. Experiment-I, involves the determination of the effect of pre-sowing seed treatments on germination behaviour of Rhododendron arboreum Smith under laboratory condition. Seeds are collected at the end of month of January 2012 and subjected to various pre-sowing treatments. The application of (150 ppm GA3 x 12 hrs) proved to be the most effective pre-sowing treatment for improving its germination behaviour, giving highest germination percentage (87.33%), germination capacity (88.00%), germination energy (55.67%) and germination speed (4.54) germination value (17.19), germination index (4.53).The experiment-II, was to study the effect of stratification period and stratification temperature on germination behaviour of Rhododendron arboreum Smith under laboratory condition. From the present investigation, it is concluded that stratification period of 2 weeks at room temperature was best for seed germinability. The experiment-III, dealt with effect of auxins application on rooting behaviour in pre-conditioned (girdled) stem cuttings of Rhododendron arboreum Smith. For this experiment, twelve different treatments of growth hormones (Auxins) were used. Application of 1.0% IBA + 5% captan + 5% sucrose resulted in maximum sprouting per cent (66.67%), callusing per cent (46.67%), and live cutting per cent(43.33%) and proved to be most significant from all other treatments. The experiment-IV was to study the effect of auxins application on rooting behavior of Rhododendron arboreum Smith layered shoots. For this experiment eight different treatments of growth hormones (Auxins) were used. Application of 0.4 IBA + 5% captan + 5% sucrose resulted in maximum callusing percent (23.33%) and live cutting (16.67%) among all treatments.ThesisItem Open Access Nutrient dynamics under different Land use systems in Kullu valley of Himachal Pradesh(2012) TOPPO, SUNITA; THAKUR, C.L.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Nutrient dynamics under different Land use systems in Kullu valley of Himachal Pradesh” were carried out at Baragran village (31.850 North latitude and 77.080 East longitude with an elevation of 1600 masl), district Kullu (Himachal Pradesh) during 2011-2012. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design using six land use systems (T), with four replications. The six land use systems selected were: agriculture (T1), horticulture (T2), agri-horticulture (T3), traditional agroforestry (T4), pasture (T5) and silvipasture (T6). The plot size of each land use system was 800m2. Existing biomass production, nutrient dynamics and economic appraisal of each land use were evaluated. The results have revealed that different land use systems have different production levels of above ground and below ground biomass as well as on total biomass. Maximum above ground biomass (86.84 t ha-1), below ground biomass (30.76 t ha-1) and total biomass (117.60 t ha-1) was accumulated in the silvi-pasture land use system. In respect of total biomass production, silvi-pasture land use was followed by agri-horticulture, horticulture, pasture, traditional agroforestry and agriculture land use systems, respectively in the descending order. The surface (0-20 cm) soil layer contained higher amounts of OC, N, P and K, whereas, bulk density was more in sub-surface (20-40 cm) layer. Nutrient balance has shown higher net loss of N, P and K in agri-horticulture (T3). Whereas, minimum net loss of N and K in silvi-pasture (T6) and for P it was in pasture (T5).The maximum gross returns and total cost was in agri-horticulture, whereas, net returns were maximum in horticulture. The benefit-cost ratio was higher in silvi-pasture land use system. On the basis of the above findings, we can conclude that in the valley ecosystem fruit based land use systems and pure orchard are not only biological productive but have more net returns than other land use systems hence need to be promoted. Whereas, silvi-pasture system have maximum benefit-cost ratio, which need to be conserved for better environmental security. Agri-horticulture system shows the highest efficient nutrient cycling in comparison to other land use system and not only improved physico-chemical and biological properties of soil but also increase the productivity on sustainable basis. The synchronization of nutrient release pattern with crop demands is most important to achieve higher productivity from agri-horticulture system. Based on a comparison among different land use systems, agri-horticulture system needs to be promoted over the horticulture based land use systems for realizing both monetary returns and food security.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BIOMASS PARTITIONING AND SOIL ENRICHMENT IN PLANTATIONS OF DIFFERENT TREE SPECIES UNDER MID HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(2012) SANYAM; GUPTA, N.K.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Studies on biomass partitioning and soil enrichment in plantations of different tree species under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out during the year 2011-2012 at five sites under five species viz. Quercus leucotrichophora, Pinus roxburghii, Eucalyptus tereticornis, Melia azedarach and Ulmus villosa with 5cm interval in four diameter classes (5 to10cm to >20cm), raised by the department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni(Solan), Himachal Pradesh. The various observations regarding different growth parameters, standing volume, green and dry biomass were taken from the randomly selected trees (30% of the total population). The different tree growth parameters increased with increase in diameter in all the species. The data on various growth parameters were used for variability analysis and correlation study. Among crown characters, crown area, crown width, crown height and crown length showed significant differences within four diameter classes in all the species. All the tree parameters showed statistically significant variation except diameter at breast height and collar diameter for all the species. Stem volume of sample trees increased with increase in diameter. Stem volume was significantly correlated with all the tree growth parameters and high correlation coefficient was observed between all the tree growth parameters. For estimation of volume, diameter as independent variable remained best estimator using power function while form factor and tree height showed mixed results with power, exponential and polynomial functions. Similar results were obtained in case of estimation of branch (green and dry) biomass with branch length and branch diameter where power, exponential and polynomial functions gave the maximum value of adjusted R2. Studies on biomass partitioning were also done to find out contribution of different plant parts (stem, branch+twig, leaves) towards total biomass and their per cent contribution was also calculated. Melia azedarach was having maximum green as well as dry biomass. Soil parameters generally showed decreasing trend with increase in depth except exchangeable calcium and magnesium. The solar flux and LAI varied with age and species.ThesisItem Open Access BIOMASS AND CARBON DENSITY IN RELATION TO ALTITUDE AND ASPECT IN MOIST-TEMPERATE WESTERN HIMALAYAN ECOSYSTEM(2012) NAGAR, DURGESH KUMAR; KASHYAP, S.D.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Biomass and carbon density in relation to altitude and aspect in moist temperate western Himalayan ecosystem” were carried out through experiments at different aspect and altitudinal range in Churdhar area of Sirmour district (30050’526” to 30050’208” N latitude and 30051’529” to 30050’903” E longitude) of Himachal Pradesh during 2010-2011. The area falls under Champion and Seth’s forest type Group 9: Subtropical Forests (C1b:Chir pine forest (Pinus roxburghii), Group 12: Himalayan Moist Temperate Forests (C1a:Ban oak forest, C1b:Mohru Oak forest, C1c:Moist Deodar forest, C1d:Western mix conifer forest, C2a:Kharsu oak forest, C2b:West Himalaya upper oak/fir forest, DS3:Himalayan Temperate pastures), Group 14: Sub-alpine forests (C1a:Mixed forest of fir and birch) and Group 15: Moist alpine (C1, C2 and C2/E3:Moist alpine scrub). The present investigations were conducted to assess the biological yield and carbon density under moist temperate western Himalayan ecosystem. For conducting the experiment under moist temperate western Himalayan ecosystem different aspect:- northern, western, eastern and southern and altitudinal ranges:-1500-1800,1800-2100,2100-2400,2400-2700 and above 2700 m a.s.l. were considered as treatment. The results of the experiment in moist-temperate western Himalayan ecosystem have revealed that maximum biomass (1025.58 t ha-1) was accumulated in the northern aspect, whereas, the maximum biomass in altitudinal range (946.35 t ha-1) was recorded in 2400-2700 m a.s.l. Vegetation carbon density of moist-temperate western Himalayan ecosystem followed the order; northern > western > eastern > southern aspect, whereas, in altitudinal ranges the trend was:- 2400-2700 m > 1500-1800 m > 2100-2400 m > 1800-2100 m > above 2700 m. Similar trends were also seen in respect of biomass carbon stock at different aspect and altitudinal range. Maximum soil carbon (humus + soil 0-100 cm layer) density under moist-temperate western Himalayan ecosystem was accumulated in northern aspect (182.84 t ha-1), whereas in altitudinal range maximum (192.1 t ha-1) was at A1 1500-1800 m a.s.l. Total soil carbon density under different aspect followed the trend:- northern > western > eastern > southern aspect, respectively in the descending order. In altitudinal range the trend was:- 1500-1800 m > 1800-2100 m > 2100-2400 m > 2400-2700 m > above 2700 m, respectively in the descending order. In moisttemperate western Himalayan ecosystem maximum quantity (4.30 t ha-1) of total detritus carbon density was recorded in northern aspect, whereas in altitudinal range maximum total detritus carbon density was recorded (4.08 t ha-1) at 2100-2400 m a.s.l. Maximum carbon storage in moist-temperate Himalayan ecosystem (699.98 t ha-1), which is sum of vegetation + soil + detritus carbon pool was recorded in northern aspect, which was followed by western, eastern and southern aspect, respectively. In case of altitudinal range maximum carbon storage (643.0 t ha-1) was recorded at A1 (1500-1800 m), which followed the trends:- 1500-1800 m > 2400-2700 m > 2100-2400 m > 1800-2100 m > above 2700 m, respectively in the descending order. Soil physico-chemical analysis revealed that there is significant variation due to species for bulk density, organic carbon, available nitrogen and pH in different soil and humus layer. In humus and soil layers (0-20, 20-40, 40-100 cm) under moist-temperate western Himalayan ecosystem, higher value of organic carbon and available nitrogen was recorded in northern and western aspect. Whereas, higher value of bulk density and pH was observed under southern aspect, more or less similar trend was followed at 20-40 cm and 40-100 cm depths. Bulk density and pH increases with depth, whereas, organic carbon and available nitrogen decrease with depth in various aspect and altitudinal range.ThesisItem Open Access PROPAGATION STUDIES ON Myrica nagi Thunb.(2012) YOURMILA, KUMARI; SHARMA, D.P.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Propagation studies on Myrica nagi Thunb.” was undertaken in the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticuture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230 (H.P.) during 2011-2012. The study involved three experiments in all. Experiment-I, involved the determination of the effect of pre-sowing seed treatments on germination behavior of Myrica nagi, seeds were collected during second week of May, 2011 and depulped and subjected to various pre-sowing treatments. Application of concentrated H2SO4 for 10 minutes was found to be maximum germination percentage (33.33%), germination capacity (90.00%), germination energy (18.33%), germination speed (0.74) germination value (0.57) and germination index (0.28). The experiment-II, dealt with effect of auxins application on rooting behavior in pre-conditioned (girdled) stem cuttings of Myrica nagi . Twelve different treatments of growth hormones (Auxins) were used. Application of 1.0% IBA resulted in maximum Sprouting percent (70.00%), Callusing percent (66.66%), Rooting percent (23.33%), Survival percent (16.67) and Root Length (6.77cm) and proved to be most significant from all other treatments. The experiment-III, dealt with effect of auxins application on rooting behavior of Myrica nagi layered shoots in two seasons i.e. Summer (May) and Monsoon (July). Nine different treatments of growth hormones (Auxins) were used. Application of 0.5% NAA resulted in maximum Callusing percent (26.67%) , Rooting percent (36.67%), Survival percent (16.67%) and Root Length (12.33cm) in summer as compared to monsoon season i.e Callusing percent (16.67%), Rooting percent (33.33%), Survival percent (13.33%) and Root Length (10.83cm) respectively.ThesisItem Open Access VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF Pittosporum floribundum Wight and Arn. THROUGH CUTTINGS UNDER MID HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(2012) MHAISKAR, PRIYA RAJENDRA; KASHYAP, S.D.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Vegetative propagation of Pittosporum floribundum Wight and Arn. through cuttings under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh” was conducted at the experimental nursery of the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan- 173230 (H. P.) during 2011- 2012. The study was carried out under three experiments, laid out in Randomized Block Design (factorial) with three replications. The experiment-I dealt with effect of auxin-chemical formulations and cutting types on rooting behaviour of Pittosporum floribundum in different seasons; experiment-II involved the study of air layering performance in Pittosporum floribundum using auxinchemical formulations while experiment-III related to nutrient analysis of leaves of Pittosporum floribundum to estimate the fodder values. Application of 0.4 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3 % sucrose-talc gave significantly maximum rooting (45.56 %) and enhanced root system (root number and root length) in spring season than in rainy season (32.22%). Coppice cuttings registered significantly superior rooting (42.22 %), mean root number (6.42) and mean root length (6.45cm) as compared to apical and basal cuttings in spring season. Overall significantly maximum sprouting of (100 %) was observed in cuttings taken from coppice shoots (C3) treated with 0.4 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3% sucrose-talc (T4) and planted during rainy season (S2). Significantly, maximum callusing (56.67 %) was registered when basal cuttings (C2) treated with 0.8 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3 % sucrose-talc (T6) in spring season (S1). Maximum rooting (60 %, mean root number (8.4) and mean root length (8.06cm) were achieved in spring season (S1) when coppice cuttings (C3) treated with 0.4 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3 % sucrose-talc (T4). Further, in air layering, significantly maximum callusing (36.67 %), rooting (63.33 %) and mean root length (13.53 cm) were registered in air layers treated with 0.8 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3 % sucrose-talc (T6) and prepared during rainy season (S2). Similarly, significantly maximum mean number of roots (4.68) were registered in air layers treated with 0.4 % NAA + 3 % captan + 3% sucrose-talc (T4) and prepared during rainy season (S2). Whereas the leaves of Pittosporum floribundum contains Crude protein (14.70%), Ether extract (3.81%), Crude fiber (10.28%), Organic matter (90.46%), Ash (9.54%), Neutral detergent fiber (30.67%), Acid detergent fiber (24.25%), Hemicellulose (6.42%), Lignin (7.33%), Calcium (2.80%) and Phosphorous (0.2 %).