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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20212
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Author: Bal, Rajesh × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS PROFILE OF SOME SPECIALTY RICE CULTIVARS OF ODISHA
    (2021) Bal, Rajesh; Kandali, Ranjan
    Odisha has been considered as the center of genetic diversity for cultivated rice and is endowed with numerous cultivars of specialty rice which have great market potentiality. These traditionally cultivated cultivars were rich in nutritional and healthpromoting components. However, these cultivars were on the verge of disappearing because farmers were shifting to high-yielding types, which had great market potential and provide them with financial security. There is dearth of information on the nutritional aspect of these traditional unexplored rice cultivars. The present investigation entitled 'Study on the nutritional and antioxidant profiles of several specialty rice cultivars from Odisha' was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Biochemistry & Agricultural Chemistry, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of these specialty rice cultivars from Odisha. A total of eleven cultivars was used in the study, out of which eight were aromatic (Rajendra Bhagabati, Nua-Dhusara, Kalajeera, Nua-Kalajeera, Nua-Chinikamini, Lall Basana, Nua- Purnabhog and, Nilabati) two were pigmented rice (black rice Kalabati and red rice Jaghabalia), and one as a check variety (Kalachampa). The moisture content, reducing sugar, total soluble sugar, starch, total carbohydrate, crude protein, soluble protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and total antioxidant activity of the cultivars were determined. The cultivars were collected from the farmer‟s field at different places of Odisha as well as from National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha. The results showed that the moisture content of all the cultivars were lower than the check variety Kalachampa which recorded 11.914± 0.08 % on a fresh weight basis. The highest per cent starch content was recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (82.791± 0.96) followed by Kalajeera (80.605± 1.173) and Kalabati (79.896± 0.176) while lowest in Nua-Purnabhog (59.612± 0.328). Cultivars varied significantly with respect to starch content (CD0.05=3.407). The highest starch content was observed in aromatic rice cultivar Nua-Kalajeera (82.7g% DW) followed by Kalajeera (80.6 g% DW) and Kalabati (79.89 g% DW) and the least recorded in Nua-Purnabhog (59.6 g% DW). Per cent crude protein content varied significantly (CD0.05=0.494) and was recorded highest 7 in Nua-Dhusara (10.384± 0.294) followed by Nua-Purnabhog (9.384± 0.147) and Kalabati (8.552± 0.147). Per cent crude fibre content was found highest in Kalabati (0.984± 0.073). Cultivars differ significantly (CD0.05=0.239) with respect to their ash content with the highest recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (2.423± 0.041). The highest total phenol content (g GAE/100gm) was recorded in Jaghabalia (0.833± 0.014) followed by Kalabati (0.701± 0.001). On the other hand, the variation seen in total anthocyanin content among the cultivars was significant. The highest anthocyanin content was in black pigmented rice cultivar Kalabati (5.016 mg Cya-3-gluE /100g FW) followed by aromatic rice Nua Kalajeera (1.204 mg Cya-3-gluE /100gm) and Kalajeera (1.132 mg Cya-3-gluE /100gm FW). The least was recorded in Lall Basana (0.310 mg Cya-3- gluE/100gm FW). The antioxidant activity measured as per cent DPPH free radical scavenging activity was highest in Jaghabalia (55.324± 0.352) followed by Kalabati (48.576± 2.876). The high antioxidant activity of the cultivar Kalabati might be due to high anthocyanin and total phenol content. The selected pigmented and scented specialty rice cultivars were found to be superior to high-yielding variety Kalachampa in different nutritional parameters in the grain such as carbohydrates, Crude protein, crude fiber, Crude fat, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant activity. Nua-Purnabhog, with a low starch content of 59.61 g percent DW, might be a lowstarch dietary option. It will make it easier for persons with hyperglycemia or diabetes to eat low-starch cereals. From the results of the present investigation, it could be concluded that the black rice cultivar Kalabati appeared to be a promising cultivar with a superior nutritional composition and antioxidant activity and thus has a great market potentiality.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS PROFILE OF SOME SPECIALTY RICE CULTIVARS OF ODISHA
    (2021) Bal, Rajesh; Kandali, Ranjan
    Odisha has been considered as the center of genetic diversity for cultivated rice and is endowed with numerous cultivars of specialty rice which have great market potentiality. These traditionally cultivated cultivars were rich in nutritional and healthpromoting components. However, these cultivars were on the verge of disappearing because farmers were shifting to high-yielding types, which had great market potential and provide them with financial security. There is dearth of information on the nutritional aspect of these traditional unexplored rice cultivars. The present investigation entitled 'Study on the nutritional and antioxidant profiles of several specialty rice cultivars from Odisha' was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Biochemistry & Agricultural Chemistry, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of these specialty rice cultivars from Odisha. A total of eleven cultivars was used in the study, out of which eight were aromatic (Rajendra Bhagabati, Nua-Dhusara, Kalajeera, Nua-Kalajeera, Nua-Chinikamini, Lall Basana, Nua- Purnabhog and, Nilabati) two were pigmented rice (black rice Kalabati and red rice Jaghabalia), and one as a check variety (Kalachampa). The moisture content, reducing sugar, total soluble sugar, starch, total carbohydrate, crude protein, soluble protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and total antioxidant activity of the cultivars were determined. The cultivars were collected from the farmer‟s field at different places of Odisha as well as from National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha. The results showed that the moisture content of all the cultivars were lower than the check variety Kalachampa which recorded 11.914± 0.08 % on a fresh weight basis. The highest per cent starch content was recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (82.791± 0.96) followed by Kalajeera (80.605± 1.173) and Kalabati (79.896± 0.176) while lowest in Nua-Purnabhog (59.612± 0.328). Cultivars varied significantly with respect to starch content (CD0.05=3.407). The highest starch content was observed in aromatic rice cultivar Nua-Kalajeera (82.7g% DW) followed by Kalajeera (80.6 g% DW) and Kalabati (79.89 g% DW) and the least recorded in Nua-Purnabhog (59.6 g% DW). Per cent crude protein content varied significantly (CD0.05=0.494) and was recorded highest 7 in Nua-Dhusara (10.384± 0.294) followed by Nua-Purnabhog (9.384± 0.147) and Kalabati (8.552± 0.147). Per cent crude fibre content was found highest in Kalabati (0.984± 0.073). Cultivars differ significantly (CD0.05=0.239) with respect to their ash content with the highest recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (2.423± 0.041). The highest total phenol content (g GAE/100gm) was recorded in Jaghabalia (0.833± 0.014) followed by Kalabati (0.701± 0.001). On the other hand, the variation seen in total anthocyanin content among the cultivars was significant. The highest anthocyanin content was in black pigmented rice cultivar Kalabati (5.016 mg Cya-3-gluE /100g FW) followed by aromatic rice Nua Kalajeera (1.204 mg Cya-3-gluE /100gm) and Kalajeera (1.132 mg Cya-3-gluE /100gm FW). The least was recorded in Lall Basana (0.310 mg Cya-3- gluE/100gm FW). The antioxidant activity measured as per cent DPPH free radical scavenging activity was highest in Jaghabalia (55.324± 0.352) followed by Kalabati (48.576± 2.876). The high antioxidant activity of the cultivar Kalabati might be due to high anthocyanin and total phenol content. The selected pigmented and scented specialty rice cultivars were found to be superior to high-yielding variety Kalachampa in different nutritional parameters in the grain such as carbohydrates, Crude protein, crude fiber, Crude fat, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant activity. Nua-Purnabhog, with a low starch content of 59.61 g percent DW, might be a lowstarch dietary option. It will make it easier for persons with hyperglycemia or diabetes to eat low-starch cereals. From the results of the present investigation, it could be concluded that the black rice cultivar Kalabati appeared to be a promising cultivar with a superior nutritional composition and antioxidant activity and thus has a great market potentiality.