STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS PROFILE OF SOME SPECIALTY RICE CULTIVARS OF ODISHA
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Date
2021
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Abstract
Odisha has been considered as the center of genetic diversity for cultivated rice
and is endowed with numerous cultivars of specialty rice which have great market
potentiality. These traditionally cultivated cultivars were rich in nutritional and healthpromoting
components. However, these cultivars were on the verge of disappearing
because farmers were shifting to high-yielding types, which had great market potential
and provide them with financial security.
There is dearth of information on the nutritional aspect of these traditional
unexplored rice cultivars.
The present investigation entitled 'Study on the nutritional and antioxidant
profiles of several specialty rice cultivars from Odisha' was carried out in the laboratory
of Department of Biochemistry & Agricultural Chemistry, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional value and
antioxidant activity of these specialty rice cultivars from Odisha. A total of eleven
cultivars was used in the study, out of which eight were aromatic (Rajendra Bhagabati,
Nua-Dhusara, Kalajeera, Nua-Kalajeera, Nua-Chinikamini, Lall Basana, Nua-
Purnabhog and, Nilabati) two were pigmented rice (black rice Kalabati and red rice
Jaghabalia), and one as a check variety (Kalachampa). The moisture content, reducing
sugar, total soluble sugar, starch, total carbohydrate, crude protein, soluble protein,
crude fat, crude fibre, ash, total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and total antioxidant
activity of the cultivars were determined. The cultivars were collected from the farmer‟s
field at different places of Odisha as well as from National Rice Research Institute,
Cuttack, Odisha.
The results showed that the moisture content of all the cultivars were lower than
the check variety Kalachampa which recorded 11.914± 0.08 % on a fresh weight basis.
The highest per cent starch content was recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (82.791± 0.96)
followed by Kalajeera (80.605± 1.173) and Kalabati (79.896± 0.176) while lowest in
Nua-Purnabhog (59.612± 0.328). Cultivars varied significantly with respect to starch
content (CD0.05=3.407). The highest starch content was observed in aromatic rice
cultivar Nua-Kalajeera (82.7g% DW) followed by Kalajeera (80.6 g% DW) and
Kalabati (79.89 g% DW) and the least recorded in Nua-Purnabhog (59.6 g% DW). Per
cent crude protein content varied significantly (CD0.05=0.494) and was recorded highest
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in Nua-Dhusara (10.384± 0.294) followed by Nua-Purnabhog (9.384± 0.147) and
Kalabati (8.552± 0.147). Per cent crude fibre content was found highest in Kalabati
(0.984± 0.073). Cultivars differ significantly (CD0.05=0.239) with respect to their ash
content with the highest recorded in Nua-Kalajeera (2.423± 0.041). The highest total
phenol content (g GAE/100gm) was recorded in Jaghabalia (0.833± 0.014) followed by
Kalabati (0.701± 0.001). On the other hand, the variation seen in total anthocyanin
content among the cultivars was significant. The highest anthocyanin content was in
black pigmented rice cultivar Kalabati (5.016 mg Cya-3-gluE /100g FW) followed by
aromatic rice Nua Kalajeera (1.204 mg Cya-3-gluE /100gm) and Kalajeera (1.132 mg
Cya-3-gluE /100gm FW). The least was recorded in Lall Basana (0.310 mg Cya-3-
gluE/100gm FW). The antioxidant activity measured as per cent DPPH free radical
scavenging activity was highest in Jaghabalia (55.324± 0.352) followed by Kalabati
(48.576± 2.876). The high antioxidant activity of the cultivar Kalabati might be due to
high anthocyanin and total phenol content. The selected pigmented and scented
specialty rice cultivars were found to be superior to high-yielding variety Kalachampa
in different nutritional parameters in the grain such as carbohydrates, Crude protein,
crude fiber, Crude fat, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin, and antioxidant activity.
Nua-Purnabhog, with a low starch content of 59.61 g percent DW, might be a lowstarch
dietary option. It will make it easier for persons with hyperglycemia or diabetes
to eat low-starch cereals.
From the results of the present investigation, it could be concluded that the black
rice cultivar Kalabati appeared to be a promising cultivar with a superior nutritional
composition and antioxidant activity and thus has a great market potentiality.