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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF NON-GM COTTON ADVANCE LINES TO VARYING LEVELS OF N UNDER RAINFED ORGANIC CULTIVATION IN VIDARBHA REGION OF INDIA.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2022-12-06) CHINTHALA, MOUNIKA.; Kadu, Dr. P. R.The present investigation entitled “Response of non-GM cotton advance lines to varying levels of N under rainfed organic cultivation In Vidarbha Region of India” was conducted at Research Farm Centre for Organic Agriculture Research and Training (COART), Department of Agronomy and Department of SSAC, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during Kharif 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in FRBD with eight treatments, each replicated thrice. Vermicompost, an organic manure is used as a source of nutrient. The soils of the experimental field has swell-shrink property, classified under Vertisol order. The clay loam texture soil was low in available nitrogen and phosphorus content, whereas, sufficiently high in potassium content. After organic cotton experimentation, significantly highest reduction in bulk density of soil (1.24 Mg m-3), higher improvement in water holding capacity (58.22 %) and highest (5.67 g kg-1) organic carbon content was recorded in the treatment T4 where 60 kg N ha-1 was supplied through vermicompost to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). Lowest value of pH (7.57) and EC (0.25 ds m-1) were registered in treatment T2 where 60 kg N ha-1 was supplied through vermicompost to Arboreum cultivar (AVC 14). Significantly highest available nitrogen (228 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (23.19 kg ha-1) and available potassium (351 kg ha-1) were recorded in the treatment T2 where 60 kg N ha-1 was given through vermicompost to Arboreum cultivar (AVC 14). Highest value of DTPA extractable micronutrients like Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn were registered with treatment T2 where 60kg N ha-1 was applied through vermicompost to Arboreum cultivar (AVC 14). Significantly highest uptake of N (69.71 kg ha-1), P (15.6 kg ha-1) and K (66.28 kg ha-1) was recorded in the treatment T4 supplied with 60 kg N ha-1 by vermicompost to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). T4 treatment with an application of vermicompost @60 kg N ha-1 to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1) recorded significantly higher seed cotton (1508 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (3770 kg ha-1). Growth parameters like plant height, number of sympodia, number of bolls per plant were highest in T4 treatment supplemented with 60 kg N ha-1 by vermicompost to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). Highest crop stand (114) is observed in with treatment T2 where 60 kg N ha-1 was applied through vermicompost to Arboreum cultivar (AVC 14). Ginning percentage and lint index were highest in treatment T4 supplemented with 60 kg N ha-1 by vermicompost to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). The highest staple length was registered with T4 treatment where 60 kg N ha-1 supplied to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). Treatment T1 and T2 recorded highest micronaire value (0.88x 10-6 g inch-1) in Arboreum cultivar (AVC 14). Highest fibre strength (32.17g tex-1) and uniformity ratio (84%) was registered in T7 supported with 40kg N ha-1 Hirsutum cultivar (GHV 8023), it is at par with treatment T4 supplimented with 60kg N ha-1 to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1). An application of vermicompost @60 kg N ha-1 to Hirsutum cultivar (Chetna J1) showed highest B:C ratio. Thus it can be concluded that, application of vermicompost as a source of organic manure significantly improves the physical properties, chemical properties, growth parameters, fibre quality parameters and yield performance of cotton. Hence an application of 60 kg N ha-1 through vermicompost to Non GM cultivars of cotton found to be beneficial for organically grown cotton under rainfed agricultural system.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND LEVELS OF ZINC ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-02-09) GAWANDE, YUGRAJ DHARMARAJ.; Hadole, Dr. S.S.A field study entitled “Effect of different sources and levels of zinc on growth, yield and quality of wheat” was conducted during Rabi 2021-2022 at Wheat Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The experimental soil collected from the wheat research unit field was slightly alkaline in reaction, medium in organic carbon, moderately calcareous, low in available N, medium in available P, remarkably high in available K, marginal in available S, and sufficient in micronutrients but deficient in Zn. The nine treatments comprised of Recommended Dose of Fertilizer T1 - RDF (80:40:40 kg ha-1 N, P2O5, K2O), T2 - RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 15 kg ha-1, T3 - RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1, T4 - RDF + soil application of Zn EDTA @ 1.5 kg ha-1, T5 - RDF + soil application of Zn EDTA @ 3.0 kg ha-1, T6 - RDF + Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% at CRI, tillering and milking stage, T7 - RDF + Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 1.0% at CRI, tillering and milking stage, T8 - RDF + Foliar application of Zn EDTA @ 0.25% at CRI, tillering and milking stage, T9 - RDF + Foliar application of Zn EDTA @ 0.5% at CRI, tillering and milking stage. applied in the plots in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The significantly highest wheat yield, plant height, dry matter accumulation, number of tillers, and Number of grains spike-1 were observed in the treatment of soil application of RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1. The highest test weight, carbohydrates, and protein content were also observed in the treatment of soil application of RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1. The higher N, P, K, S, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn content and uptake was recorded with the soil application of RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1. The highest available N, P, K, S, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn in soil were recorded with the soil application of RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1. It is concluded that the soil application of ZnSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 along with a recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) at the time of sowing recorded the highest wheat grain and straw yield, nutrient content, nutrient uptake, improvement in grain quality, viz., test weight, carbohydrates, and protein content of wheat with improvement in soil fertility. Also, concluded that soil application was better than a foliar application of zinc.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS ON ORGANIC CARBON POOLS , SOIL FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RAINFED COTTON IN VERTISOLS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-24) GADAKH, PRATIKSHA APPASAHEB.; Gabhane, Dr. V.V.A field study entitled, “Effect of organic sources of nutrients on organic carbon pools, soil fertility and productivity of rainfed cotton in Vertisols” was conducted during kharif 2021-22 at Research field of AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra. The soil of the experimental site was Vertisol which was moderately alkaline in reaction, low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and high in available potassium. The nine treatments replicated three times in randomized block design comprised of 100% RDF (60:30:30 NPK kg ha-1), FYM 12 t ha-1, gliricidia 8 t ha-1, vermicompost 3.0 t ha-1, 50% N through FYM/ vermicompost + 50% N through gliricidia/ vermicompost and 25% N through FYM/ gliricidia + 25% N through vermicompost + 50% N through gliricidia. The results indicated that significantly higher cotton yield was recorded with 100% RDF and was on par with most of the integrated organic treatments. Further, integrated application of 50% N through FYM/vermicompost + 50% N through gliricidia resulted in improvement in soil fertility and soil organic carbon pools. Hence, it is concluded that integrated application of 50% N through FYM/vermicompost + 50% N through gliricidia resulted in improvement in soil fertility, soil organic pools and yield of cotton grown in Vertisols under rainfed conditions.ThesisItem Open Access SOIL AND FOLIAR APPLICATION OF HUMIC ACIDS ON NITROGEN DYNAMICS UNDER COTTON GROWN IN VERTISOL.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-12) WADHOKAR, MAHESH GAJANAN.; Kadu, Dr. P.R.The present field experiment entitled “Soil and foliar application of humic acids on nitrogen dynamics under cotton grown in Vertisol” was conducted at Long Term Fertilizers Experiment Field, Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agril. Chemistry and laboratory analysis was conducted at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. PanjabraoDeshmukhKrishiVidyapeeth, Akola during kharifseason 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments and three replications, with object to study the effect of humic acids on vertical distribution of various forms of nitrogen and to assess the effect of humic acids on nutrient content and dry matter accumulation in different plant parts of cotton. The treatments consists of viz; 100 % RDF through soil (T1), 100 % RDF through soil + foliar spray (05) of HA-1 @ 0.5 %(T2), 100 % RDF through soil + foliar spray (05) of HA-2 @ 0.5 %(T3), 100 % RDF through drip(T4), 75 % RDF through drip + HA-1 @ 0.2 % through drip(T5), 75 % RDF through drip + HA-2 @ 0.2 % through drip(T6), 75 % RDF through drip + HS-1 @ 0.2 % through drip(T7), 75 % RDF through drip + HS-2 @ 0.2 % through drip(T8), HS-1 @ 0.2 % through drip(T9), HA-2 @ 0.2 % through drip(T10). The results of the present experiment revealed that significantly higher Nitrate–N and Ammonium-N content was recorded with the application of HS-1 @ 0.2 % through drip. Total-N content found significantly highest with the application of 100 % RDF through drip, whereas the effect of various treatments on Total-N at subsurface soil was non-significant. The dry matter accumulation was found significantly highest with the application of 100 % RDF through drip. The significantly highest seed yield, stalk yield and the uptake of nutrients by different plants parts were observed with 100% RDF through drip. The chemical properties of soil i.e., EC, organic carbon, available N and P were significantly enhanced due to application of various treatments. In respect of available K, S and DTPA extractable micronutrients were found non-significant and the highest available N, P, K and S recorded with the application of100 % RDF through drip. Thus, from the experimentation, it can be concluded that, the application of humic substances through drip increases the microbial activity resulting in uptake of nutrients by the crop. 100% recommended dose of fertilizers through drip produced higher yield and improved uptake of nutrients by different plant parts. Similarly, in treatment 75 % RDF through drip + HS-1 @ 0.2 % through drip the saving of 25% chemical fertilizers was observed and the application of humic substances supported for the same by enhancing increase in the carbon content. Hence soil and foliar application of humic acids along with recommended dose of fertilizers through drip is beneficial for obtaining higher yield of cotton and maintaining residual fertility of soil.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF CONSERVATION AND CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE ON SOIL QUALITY AND ROOTING BEHAVIOUR OF COTTON IN VERTISOLS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-12) MAGDUM, ASHISH APPASAHEB.; Konde, Dr.N. M.The present investigation was conducted during the year 2021-22 with view to study the “Influence of conservation and conventional tillage on soil quality and rooting behaviour of cotton in Vertisols” at Research farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola with objectives to assess the influence of conservation and conventional tillage on soil quality and rooting behaviour of cotton and to study the influence of conservation and conventional tillage on the yield of cotton. The field experiment comprised of two sets each of conservation and conventional tillage practices and eight nutrient management treatments were imposed in both sets of tillage. In conservation tillage (CNS) one harrowing and two hand weeding were followed. In Conventional tillage (CNV) one ploughing (once in two years), one harrowing, two hoeing and two hand weeding operations were carried out every year. The eight treatments of nutrient management consisting of control, 100 per cent RDF and use of chemical fertilizer along with organic source of nutrient in which 50 per cent N applied through organic sources (FYM, wheat straw, green leaf manuring, cotton straw, vermicompost) and 100 percent p applied through phoshphocompost, and remaining N was applied through chemical fertilizer weregiven.The soil samples were collected at the start of experiment and after harvest of cotton and analyzed for chemical and biological properties of the soil. Plants samples were uprooted and analysed for root length and root volume. The treatment wise seed cotton yield wasrecorded.Based on the results generated, the use of organics viz. FYM, glyricidia, vermicompost and phosphocomopst in conjunction with chemical fertilizers recorded significant impact on chemical properties viz soil organic carbon, available sulphur and available Zinc, Iron under conservation tillage. The biological properties viz. SMBC, SMBN, CO2 evolution and were also improved under INM treatments comprising use of FYM and vermicompost in combination with 50 % RDF as compared to sole use of chemical fertilizers and control under conservation tillage. The use of Phosphocompost, vermicompost, FYM and glyricidia green leaf manuring were found to be beneficial for increasing seed cotton production and uptake of nutrients under conservation tillage. The available, phosphorus, potassium and in micronutrient copper, manganese and total uptake of macro and micronutrient along with rooting behavior of cotton were also studied and found non-significant under conservation tillage with use of FYM, phosphocompost and vermicompost. Hence adoption of different organic sources, especially Phosphocompost, FYM and Vermicompost under conservation tillage is found to be beneficial for enhanced soil properties and higher productivity of cotton in Vertisols.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF ENRICH COMPOST AND HUMIC ACID ON YIELD, GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY SAFED MUSLI.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra., 2023-01-12) DHAYAL, PRIYA; Age, Dr. A. B.The present investigation entitled, “Impact of enrich compost and humic acid on yield, quality and nutrient uptake by Safed Musli” was conducted during kharif, 2021-22 at Research Farm, Nagarjun Medicinal Plants Garden, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra. The soil of the experimental site was Inceptisols which was moderately alkaline in reaction, low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and high in available potassium. The objectives were to study the effect of enrich NPS compost and foliar application of humic acid on the yield, growth and quality of Safed Musli and to assess the effect of enrich NPS compost and foliar application of humic acid on the fertility status of soils. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments replicated in three replications. The treatments comprised of absolute control, Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, NPS compost @ 3 t ha-1, Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid, Vermicompost @ 5.0 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid, Vermicompost @ 7.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid, NPS compost @ 1.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid, NPS compost @ 3.0 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid, NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. The humic acid sprayed at 60 and 90 days after planting of safed musli. The results showed that, the application of NPS compost @4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid were recorded significantly highest fresh root, dry root, dry matter yield and yield attributing characters of Safed Musli which was found at par with the application NPS compost @ 3.0 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. Similarly, all the growth parameters like number of leaves, leaf area and chlorophyll content of Safed Musli were obtained significantly highest with the application of NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. The quality parameters such as saponin content and saponin yield, protein, fiber and carbohydrate content in roots of Safed Musli were recorded significantly highest in the treatment NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. However, significantly highest nutrient uptake was recorded in the treatment NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. Whereas, the significant improvement in chemical properties of soil were recorded with the application of NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid. Hence, it is concluded that the application of NPS compost @ 4.5 t ha-1 + 2 sprays of 0.5 % humic acid at 60 and 90 DAP resulted significantly increased in yield and yield attributing parameters, growth parameters, quality parameters and improvement in soil fertility in Inceptisols under rainfed conditions.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF PHOSPHORUS ON P DYNAMICS, YIELD ANDNUTRIENT UPTAKE BY COTTON IN VERTISOL.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-12) NAVGHARE, NAGESH RAJENDRA.; Age, Dr. A.B.The present investigation entitled on “Effect of various levels of phosphorus on P dynamics, yield and nutrient uptake by cotton in Vertisol” was carried out at Research Farm, Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2021-2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments replicated in thrice. The recommended dose of fertilizer 120:60;60 NPK kg ha-1 was applied as per treatments. The variety of cotton PDKV JKL116 was used to present investigation. Similarly, Nano DAP was applied at time of seed treatment and foliar application at 30 DAS as per treatments. Initial and after harvest of cotton soil samples and plant samples were collected and analyzed by following standard procedure. The root samples were collected and analyzed at square and boll formation stage of cotton. The result revealed that, the plant height, number of branches, number of bolls per plant, seed cotton and stalk yield of cotton were recorded significantly highest with the application of 100% NPK and found at par with the application of N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 % at 30 DAS). Significantly highest content and total uptake of the N, P, K, and S were recorded with application of 100% NPK which found at par with N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 % at 30 DAS). However, the inorganic fraction of phosphorus viz Ca-P, Al-P and Fe-P were recorded significantly highest with 100% NPK which found at par with N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 %at 30 DAS). The significantly highest value of total organic phosphorous was recorded in 100% NPK and found at par with N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 % at 30 DAS). The highest phosphorous use efficiency was recorded with application of N50 P50 K100+ Nano DAP (ST@ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 % at 30 DAS). Whereas, the root CEC, root oxidase activity and root alkaline phosphatase activity were recorded significantly highest with application of 100% NPK and found at par with the application of N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 % at 30 DAS). The Significantly highest available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were recorded in the 100% NPK and found at par with N75 P75 K100+ Nano DAP (ST @ 5 ml / kg seed & FS @ 0.2 %at 30 DAS). The pH, EC, OC CaCO3, available S, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn and were slightly improved with the application of 100 % NPK. From the present investigation it can be concluded that, the application of 100 % recommended NPK dose and 75 % N, P,100 % K recommended dose with 0.2 % foliar application of Nano DAP were recorded higher seed and stalk yield of cotton, nutrient uptake by cotton and found equally beneficial to phosphorus dynamics of the soil, root chemical properties, phosphorous use efficiency and slight improvement in residual fertility of soil.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORGANICS AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF HUMIC ACID ON YIELD, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND QUALITY OF BRINJAL.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-12) THALLAPALLY, MANIDEEPIKA.; Jadhao, Dr. S.D.The present investigation entitled, “Effect of organics and foliar spray of humic acid on yield, nutrient uptake and quality of brinjal” was conducted at Research farm, Department of Horticulture, and laboratory analysis was conducted at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during Rabi, 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The objectives of the experiment were to assess the effect of organics and foliar spray of humic acid on growth and yield of brinjal and to study the effect of organics and foliar spray of humic acid on nutrient uptake and quality of brinjal. The treatments comprised of foliar sprays of @ 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of humic acid in combination with FYM and NPS compost along with recommended dose of fertilizers. The number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight of brinjal were found to be significantly influenced with the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. The highest fruit weight and fruit length were recorded with the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of humic acid @ 1.5%. Higher number of fruits were recorded from the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of humic acid @ 1%. Quality parameters viz. ascorbic acid and chlorophyll content were significantly influenced by the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. Application of 100% RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of humic acid @ 1% recorded significantly higher ascorbic acid content whereas application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of humic acid @ 1% recorded higher chlorophyll index. Flavonoid, anthocyanin and Nitrogen Balance Index were found be non-significantly influenced. However, the yield of brinjal was significantly influenced by the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. Significantly higher fruit yield and straw yield was recorded with the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of humic acid @ 1.5%. The soil organic carbon and available nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur status after harvest of the crop were found to be significantly influenced by the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. The highest soil organic carbon was recorded with application of 100% RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @1%. The significantly higher available N, P, K and S (191 kg ha-1, 16.98 kg ha-1, 332 kg ha-1 and 10.85 mg kg-1 respectively) were recorded with the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1.5%. Soil available micronutrients differed significantly with the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1.5% recorded significantly highest zinc content (0.74 mg kg-1) and copper content (0.99 mg kg-1) while application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1%) recorded significantly highest iron content (6.67 mg kg-1) and manganese content (2.89 mg kg-1) in soil. Nutrient uptake showed a significant difference among the treatments with the application of organics and foliar spray of humic acid. Application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1.5% recorded significantly higher total nitrogen, potassium and sulphur uptake while phosphorus showed significant increase with application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1%. Similarly total uptake of zinc and copper were found significantly higher with the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1.5% while iron and manganese recorded significantly higher values with the application of 100% RDF + NPS compost @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 4 sprays of HA @ 1%.ThesisItem Open Access APPRAISAL OF CARBON DYNAMICS UNDER ORGANICALLY GROWN CROPPING SYSTEMS IN SEMI-ARID AGRO ECOSYSTEMS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2023-01-12) MANKAR, EKTA PRAMOD.; Konde, Dr. N. M.An investigation was undertaken to study the “Appraisal of carbon dynamics under organically grown cropping systems in semi-arid agro ecosystems”. The experiment was initiated from the year 2018-19 and the present investigation was conducted during 2021-22 at Research Farm, Centre for Organic Agriculture Research and Training, Department of Agronomy, Akola, Maharashtraduring kharif 2022 with objective to assess the carbon pools under major cropping systems and correlation of carbon pools with soil properties and yield of various crops. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments consisting cropping systems viz. cotton (sole), cotton + sunhemp (2:1), cotton + blackgram (2:1), soybean + pigeonpea (3:1), blackgram - chickpea (rabi), greengram + sorghum (2:1) and sunhemp (sole), replicated three times. To meet out the nutritional requirement of organic crops the nutrients were supplied through FYM and vermicompost based on nitrogen - 50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost. The compensation of phosphorus was made available through PROM (Phosphate rich organic manure). Similarly, the sunhemp was buried in soil after 35 to 40 days of sowing, while other intercrops were harvested and the residues of the same were incorporated in the soil after harvest. Soil and plant samples were analysed after harvest of crops. Soil samples for biological properties were collected 35-40 DAS and immediately analysed. Soil samples at the surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) levels were analysed for assessing carbon pools. Based on the results generated, the lowest bulk density of soil (1.42 Mg m-3), maximum hydraulic conductivity (0.76 cm hr-1) and mean weight diameter (0.73 mm) were recorded with Cotton + Sunhemp intercropping system. Soil pH (8.04 to 8.11) and electrical conductivity (0.13 to 0.15 dS m-1) were reduced over the initial value (8.12 & 0.16 dS m-1). The significant improvement in soil organic carbon was noted in Cotton + Sunhemp (6.09 g kg-1) and it was found statistically at par with Sole Sunhemp (5.97 g kg-1) and Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping (5.83 g kg-1). The calcium carbonate of soil reduced from 3.57 to 3.48 % over the initial 3.69 % and was found significant. The highest available nitrogen (209.27 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (22.28 kg ha-1) and available potassium (354.26 kg ha-1) was recorded in Soybean + Pigeonpea intercropping system which could be attributed to the application of FYM, vermicompost and incorporation of shedded biomass of intercrops. Also, the highest uptake of nitrogen (134.95 kg ha-1), uptake of phosphorus (13.17 kg ha-1) and uptake of potassium (46.81 kg ha-1) was recorded in Soybean + Pigeonpea intercropping system. Significantly higher CO2 evolution (35.4 mg 100 g-1 soil) and dehydrogenase activity (47.66 μg TPF g-1 24hr-1) was observed in Cotton + Sunhemp intercropping system which was found at par with Sole Sunhemp and Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping systems. Carbon pools viz., very labile C (4.04 g kg-1), labile C (1.29 g kg-1) and less labile C (0.93 g kg-1) were recorded higher in surface soil (0-20 cm) with treatment of Cotton + Sunhemp, while non-labile C (5.13 g kg-1) was recorded higher in sole Cotton. The active pool contributed 44.96 per cent in surface soil (0-20 cm) to total organic carbon of soil and 45.54 percent in subsurface soil (20-40 cm). The passive pool contributed relatively higher 55.04 percent in surface soil (0-20 cm) to total organic carbon of soil and 54.46 per cent in subsurface soil (20-40 cm). Higher carbon pool as influenced by organically grown intercropping system was in the surface soil (0-20 cm) as compared to subsurface soil (20-40 cm). The passive pool of carbon dominated the active pool of carbon in the soil. The abundance of soil organic carbon fractions followed the order CNL> CVL> CL >CLL. Significantly higher seed yield (1213 kg ha-1) was reported with Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping system. However, in respect of cotton, the highest seed yield (1027 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (2465 kg ha-1) was recorded with the Cotton + Sunhemp treatment. The highest system equivalent yield was recorded with Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping system (1718 kg ha-1). The different organically grown cropping systems played a vital role in enhancing soil properties and carbon pools. However, organically grown Soybean + Pigeonpea have found to be beneficial in improving availability of nutrients, uptake of nutrients and system equivalent yield. However, Cotton + Sunhemp and an application of sole Sunhemp recorded significant results in respect of yield of cotton, carbon pools and other properties of soil. Hence, Cotton + Sunhemp and Soybean + Pigeonpea were found to be suitable under organically grown cropping systems to obtain higher productivity, improved soil properties and enhanced carbon pools under semi-arid agro ecosystems.
