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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nutrient management through biomanuring on morpho-qualitative traits and productivity of turmeric.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2017-01-23) DAREKAR, NILIMA KISHOR.; Paslawar, Dr. A. N.A field experiment entitled “Effect of nutrient management through bio-manuring on morpho-qualitative traits and productivity of turmeric” was conducted at Certified Organic Farm, Centre of Organic Agriculture Research and Training (COART), Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2020-21 and 2021-22. The soil of experimental site was clayey in texture and slightly alkaline in reaction, medium in organic carbon content, low in available nitrogen and phosphorous while very high in exchangeable potassium. The both year of experiment was same site and location. The turmeric plantation on broad bed furrow by using pair row system in which spacing of turmeric was kept as 30 cm with 30 cm. The promising turmeric variety PDKV waigaon was used for experimentation. The specific objective of the study was to investigate the best nutrient management through biomanuring combination for productivity and quality of turmeric. Said experiment was laid out in randomized block design replicated thrice with nine treatments consisting of nutrient management through biomanuring which equates with RDF levels of turmeric through various organic sources in combination viz., T1 – Absolute Control, T2 – 25% Neemcake + 25% Cowdung slurry + Biofertilizers, T3 – 25% Vermicompost + 25% Biogas slurry + Green manure at 60 DAS, T4- 25% Vermicompost + 25% Jeevamrut + Biofertilizers + Green manure at 60DAS, T5 – 25% Vermicompost + 25% Neemcake + 25% Biogas slurry, T6 – 25% Vermicompost + 25% Neemcake + 25% Jeevamrut, T7 – 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers, T8 – 50% Vermicompost + 50% FYM + Biofertilizers and T9 - 100% Vermicompost. The both year experimentation results revealed that, application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers which equated with 100% RDF registered significantly the highest growth attributes such as plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), number of tillers, chlorophyll index and leaf dry matter (g) of turmeric than other treatments of nutrient management through bio-manuring and being parallel with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% FYM + Biofertilizers and 100% Vermicompost which equated with 100% RDF. Through both year of experiment and in pooled data analysis, yield attributes such as number, length (cm), girth (cm) and weight (g) of mother rhizome, primary rhizome and secondary rhizome recorded significantly highest with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers than other treatments of nutrient management through bio-manuring and being corresponding with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% FYM + Biofertilizers and 100% Vermicompost. Also, in both year of experiment and in pooled data analysis the yield attributes such as weight of tertiary rhizome (g), total weight of rhizome (g) per plant and dry matter (g) per plant recorded significantly highest with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers than other treatments of nutrient management through bio-manuring and comparable with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% FYM + Biofertilizers and 100% Vermicompost. The fresh rhizome yield (q ha-1) and dry rhizome yield (q ha-1) found significantly maximum with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers than other treatments of nutrient management through bio-manuring and at par with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% FYM + Biofertilizers and 100% Vermicompost during both year of experiment and in pooled data also. The quality attributes such as curcumin content (%), oleoresin content (%) and essential oil content (%) of turmeric differences among the various combination of nutrient management found to be significant. The combined application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers recorded significantly higher soil biological and microbial activity than other application of biomanuring. The significant increase in organic carbon recorded with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers. The available macronutrients (N, P and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) found to be significant among the different practices of nutrient management through biomanuring. The physical properties of soil in turmeric field such as bulk density, particle density, porosity, field capacity, permanent wilting point and available water capacity found to be non-significant during the both year of experiment. However, improvement observed over initial status due to practices of application of biomanures. The uptake of macronutrients (N, P and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) by turmeric rhizome and plant recorded higher with combined application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers and found significantly superior than other treatments of nutrient management through bio-manuring. The treatment with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers recorded highest gross monetary return, net monetary return and B: C ratio and found superior over other treatments of nutrient management through biomanuring. The energy parameters in turmeric were improved with application of nutrient management through biomanuring and maximum energy output and energy balance was obtained with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers. However, higher values of energy balance per unit input and energy output per unit input ratio were registered with application of 50% Vermicompost + 50% Neemcake + Biofertilizers.ThesisItem Open Access EXPLORING RESILIENCE OF RAINFED COTTON TO WEATHER VARIABILITY THROUGH HIGH PLANT DENSITY AND FERTILIZER REGIME: FIELD AND SIMULATION STUDY(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2018-12-17) GANVIR, MAHIPAL MAROTI.; Karunakar, Dr. A.P.A field experiment entitled “Exploring resilience of rainfed cotton to weather variability through high plant density and fertilizer regime: Field and simulation study” was conducted during kharif season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at the All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture (AICRPDA), Dr. PDKV, Akola. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications keeping six combinations of two weather variability viz., monsoon sowing and late sowing , with three plant densities i.e. 60 x 15 cm (1,11,111 plants ha-1), 60 x 10 cm (1,66,666 plants ha-1) and 45 x 10 cm (2,22,222 plants ha-1) under main plot and three fertilizer regimes viz., 100% RDF (60:30:30), 150% (90:45:45) and 200% (120:60:60) NPK kg ha-1 under sub plot. Cotton crop under monsoon sowing exhibited better growth and development with better canopy radiation interception and yielded higher seed cotton encountering comparatively better rainfall and thermal regime across the growing period with prevalently high canopy temperature depression and accrual of higher thermal units with high photo-thermal use efficiency. Population density of 60 x 15 cm (1,11,111 plants ha-1) produced higher growth and yield attributes of individual plant compared to population density of 60 x 10 cm (1,66,666 pl/ha) and 45 x10 cm (2,22,222 plants ha-1). However, higher planting density of 45 x 10 cm (2,22,222 plants ha-1) produced maximum seed cotton yield per hectare as increased number of plants compensated for fewer yield attributes plant-1 and cumulatively yield output was higher.Application of higher fertilizer regime 120:60:60 NPK kg ha-1 exhibited increased growth and yield attributes and; produced higher seed cotton yield availing higher thermal units with high photo-thermal use efficiency. Late sowing, higher plant density and lower fertilizer regime prompted earliness in phenological events and total crop duration. Crop under monsoon sowing, higher plant density and higher fertilizer regime recorded higher uptake of N, P and K in cotton seed, stalk of cotton and total uptake. Fibre length and micronaire value was more with monsoon sowing and higher fertilizer regime. Monsoon sowing and normal plant density showed higher seed index.By and large, rainfall, minimum temperature and humidity positively influenced the seed cotton yield whereas higher day time (maximum) temperature and diurnal temperature showed negative impact on seed cotton yield.CROPGRO-Cotton model simulation performance in respect of phenological phases was found to be reliable. The model predicted the seed yield reliably under weather variability and fertilizer regimes; however, performance of simulation of seed cotton yield was closely predicted in normal population density (100%) and with a greater degree of variability (underestimation) across higher population density (150% and 200%) . Both monsoon and late sowing recorded maximum seed cotton yield under high planting density of 45 X 10 cm (2,22,222 plants ha-1) with fertilizer regime of 120:60:60 NPK kg ha-1 followed by plant density of 45 X 10 cm (2,22,222 plants ha-1) with fertilizer regimes of 90:45:45 NPK kg ha-1. Pooled net monetary returns was statistically equal with the application of fertilizer 120:60:60 NPK kg ha-1 and 90:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 with similar benefit:cost ratio.ThesisItem Open Access EXPLORING RESILIENCE OF RAINFED COTTON TO WEATHER VARIABILITY THROUGH HIGH PLANT DENSITY AND FERTILIZER REGIME: FIELD AND SIMULATION STUDY(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2018-12-17) GANVIR, MAHIPAL MAROTI.; Karunakaran, Dr. A.P.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON WATER AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN TURMERIC (Curcuma longa L.).(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-12-28) DIKEY, HEMANTKUMAR HARIBHAU.; Bhale, Dr. V. M.A field experiment entitled “Studies on Water and Nutrient Management in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)” was conducted at Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2014-15 and 2015-16. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were twenty four treatment combinations comprising of two treatments of land configuration i.e. L1- Ridges and furrow and L2 - Broad bed furrow, three irrigation levels viz., I1 - 40 mm CPE, I2 - 60 mm CPE and I3 - 80 mm CPE and four nutrient management treatments viz., N1 - 100% RDF (200:100:100 NPK kg/ha), N2 - 75% RDF + 25 % RDN through vermicompost, N3 - 125% RDF and N4 - 100% RDF + 25 % RDN through vermicompost. The treatment combinations of land configuration and irrigation levels were allotted to main plots, whereas, nutrient management treatments (N) were accommodated in subplots. The other cultural practices were kept common, as recommended. The soil of experimental plot was clayey in texture, low in organic carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus and high in potassium and slightly alkaline in reaction. The experimental results revealed that, broad bed furrow land configuration (L2), irrigation level 40 mm (I1) CPE and application of 100% RDF + 25 % RDN through vermicompost (N4) recorded significantly more number of tillers, plant height, number of functional leaves, leaf area and dry matter plant-1 of turmeric. The entire yield attributes i.e. higher number, weight, length and girth of fresh mother rhizomes, primary fingers, secondary fingers, fresh fingers plant-1 and yield of fresh mother rhizomes, primary fingers, secondary fingers, fresh fingers, total yield of turmeric ha-1 and yield of cured fingers ha-1 were recorded significantly superior in broad bed furrow of land configuration, irrigation level 40 mm CPE (I1), application of 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost and treatment combination I1xN4 i.e. 40 mm CPE with 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost. Broad bed furrow, and application of 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost recorded lower soil water potential, leaf water potential, consumptive use of water and higher water use efficiency whereas irrigation level 40 mm CPE (I1) showed lower soil water potential, leaf water potential and higher consumptive use of water and water use efficiency. Higher soil moisture content before and after irrigation was noted in broad bed furrow, irrigation level 40 mm CPE and nutrient management treatment N4 (100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost). Among the irrigation schedules, number of irrigations and quantity of water applied in 40 mm CPE was more as compared to irrigation levels 60 and 80 mm CPE. Uptake of NPK in rhizomes and fingers, leaves and total uptake of these nutrients were significantly higher under broad bed furrow, irrigation regime 40 mm CPE, 100% RDF + 25 % RDN through vermicompost and treatment combination I1x N4 i.e. 40 mm CPE with 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost. Organic carbon, pH, electrical conductivity and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of soil were not affected significantly due to land configuration. But organic carbon and available NPK status in soil at harvest were significantly depleted under irrigation level 40 mm CPE during both the years of experimentation. Available NPK in soil significantly improved with the application of 125% RDF and level of organic carbon found higher in treatment 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost followed by 75% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost. Whereas soil pH and electric conductivity remained unchanged due to nutrient management treatment during both the years. Highest nutrient use efficiency was recorded in broad bed furrow, irrigation level 40 mm CPE and application of 100% RDF+ 25 % RDN through vermicompost . The curcumin, oleoresin and curing per cent did not influenced due to different land configuration treatments whereas irrigation level 40 mm CPE ,application of 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost and treatment combination I1x N4 i.e. 40 mm CPE with 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost were significantly higher as compare to other treatments. Greater values for gross monetary returns, net monetary returns and benefit cost ratio were recorded under broad bed furrow land configuration, irrigation level 40 mm CPE, application of 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost and treatment combination I1x N4 i.e. 40 mm CPE with 100% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost treatments. Based on the findings of two years investigation, it can be concluded that for higher production and net profit from turmeric (var. PDKV- Waigaon) can be secured by planting on broad bed furrow with irrigation level of 40 mm CPE and application of 100% RDF + 25 % RDN through vermicompost in heavy black (clay) soil of Vidarbha region under irrigated condition.ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN SOYBEAN-MAIZE CROP SEQUENCE FOR HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-12-23) CHIRDE, PRITAM NAGORAO.; Bhale, Dr. V. M.The experiment entitled, “Assessment of nutrient management in soybean-maize crop sequence for higher productivity,” was carried out in the plot No. 66 at Agronomy Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, during kharif and rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017- 18. The soil of the experimental plot was clayey in texture dominated by smectite clay minerals which belongs to hyperthermic family of Typic Haplustert having swell shrink property. It was slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 8.6), low in organic carbon (0.52%), available nitrogen (216.50 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (16.86 kg ha-1) and high in available potassium (367.22 kg ha-1). The treatments consisted of integrated nutrient management viz., S1 - RDF (30:75:30) NPK kg ha-1, S2 - 50 % RDN + 50 % RDN through vermicompost, S3 - 50 % RDN + 50 % RDN through FYM, S4 - 50 % RDN + 50 % RDN through compost and S5 - 50 % RDN + 50 % RDN through soybean straw + Trichoderma viride @ 1kg ha-1 to soybean in kharif season as main plot treatments replicated four times in randomized block design. During rabi season each main plot treatment was split into four sub plot treatments with different doses of fertilizers viz., M1 - RDF (120: 60:30) NPK kg ha-1, M2 - RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1, M3 - RDF + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 and M4 - RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 to maize which formed twenty combinations replicated four times in split plot design. During kharif season, soybean growth characters viz., plant height (cm), number of functional leaves plant-1, leaf area (dm2), number of branches and plant dry matter accumulation plant-1 (g) were significantly improved with application of RDF through chemical fertilizers during both the years of experimentation. The next best treatment which improved all these growth characters was that of application of 50 % RDN + 50 % RDN through vermicompost. The magnitude of expression of yield and yield attributes like number of pods plant-1 (74.03 and 65.53), weight of seed plant-1 (13.11 and 12.51 g) and 100 seed weight (13.14 and 13.08 g), seed yield (2125, 2103 and 2114 kg ha-1) and straw yield (2708, 2114 and 2695 kg ha-1) were significantly influenced with the application of RDF (30:75:30 NPK kg ha-1) and found statistically comparable to 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost during both the years of experimentation and also on the basis of pooled analysis. However, maximum uptake of total nitrogen (136.79 and 137.21 kg ha-1), total phosphorus (22.04 and 21.68 kg ha-1) and total potassium (65.66 and 64.07 kg ha-1) were recorded by application of RDF (30:75:30 NPK kg ha-1) which was statistically identical with application of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost during the year 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively. The highest gross monetary returns (67048 and 70560 Rs. ha-1), net monetary returns (39291 and 42247 Rs. ha-1) and benefit to cost ratio (2.42 and 2.49) were recorded under application of RDF (30:75:30 NPK kg ha-1). However, it was comparable to supplementing 50% N through vermicompost during both the years of experimentation. During rabi season, residual effect of INM treatment applied to preceding kharif soybean crop was found beneficial to increase growth attributes of succeeding rabi maize viz., plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (dm2) and dry matter accumulation per plant (g). However, maximum values of these parameters were recorded under application of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost and remained statistically at par with 50% RDN + 50% RDN through FYM during both the years of experimentation. Similarly, 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost to the preceding kharif soybean crop showed beneficial residual effect on maize for enhancing the values of yield and yield contributing characters viz., number of cobs plant-1 (1.36 and 1.45), cob length (16.00 and 17.69 cm), cob diameter (4.00 and 4.42 cm), number of grain rows cob-1 (14.11 and 15.06), number of seeds cob-1 (489.05 and 577.69), grain yield (8362, 8650 and 8506 kg ha-1), stover yield (10611, 11127 and 10869 kg ha-1) and biological yield (18973, 19777 and 19375 kg ha-1) during 2016-17, 2017-18, respectively and also on pooled mean basis. Beneficial effect of organic source of fertilizer viz., FYM/ vermicompost was noticed in both the crops indicated that, these sources may supply other nutrients to crops. This may also prove beneficial for positive multiplication of microbes. However, maximum uptake of total nitrogen (224.19 and 239.36 kg ha-1), total phosphorus (50.93 and 56.90 kg ha-1) and total potassium (131.86 and 138.11 kg ha-1), total zinc (799.57 and 930.98 g ha-1) and total iron (1241.04 and 1487.86 g ha-1) were recorded by residual effect of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost. The gross monetary returns (121566 and 128212 Rs. ha-1), net monetary returns (87445 and 93468 Rs. ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.56 and 3.69) were highest with the treatment of residual effect of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost during both the years of experimentation. Among the different treatments applied to rabi maize, combined application of Zn + Fe with RDF significantly influenced the various growth attributes like periodical plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (dm2) and dry matter accumulation per plant (g) during both the years of investigation. However, yield and yield attributes namely number of cobs plant-1 (1.29 and 1.44), cob length (15.72 and 17.38 cm), cob diameter (4.01 and 4.42 cm), number of grain rows cob-1 (14.25 and 15.21), number of grains rows-1 (34.82 and 38.49), number of seeds cob-1 (496.31 and 585.72), grain weight cob-1 (108.60 and 118.84), maize grain yield (82.03, 85.64 and 83.64 q ha-1), stover yields (104.21, 110.16 and 107.18 q ha-1) and biological yield (186.25, 195.80 and 191.02 q ha-1) were recorded higher with the combined application of fertilizers (RDF+ ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1+ FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1) to maize during individual years and pooled, respectively, However, it was observed statistically on par with individual application of RDF+ ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 and RDF + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1. Combined application of ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 with RDF recorded maximum uptake of total nitrogen (218.97 and 235.71 kg ha-1), total phosphorus (51.60 and 55.47 kg ha-1), total potassium (131.43 and 137.95 kg ha-1), total zinc (792.33 and 993.46 g ha-1) and total iron (1224.25 and 1493.18 g ha-1). While, the same treatment proved its superiority in terms of obtaining its highest gross monetary returns (119282 and 126940 Rs. ha-1), net monetary returns (84411 and 91447 Rs. ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.42 and 3.58). However, it was found statistically similar with RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 and RDF + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 in respect of GMR and NMR, during both the years, consecutively. The assessment of the cropping sequence in terms of soybean equivalent yield, system productivity, production efficiency and economic efficiency indicated the superiority of combine application of inorganic fertilizers and organic manures to kharif soybean followed by application of RDF along with or without Zn and Fe to maize during both years and on pooled mean basis. Significantly highest soybean equivalent yield (5518, 5460 and 5489 kg ha-1), production efficiency (23.79, 23.23 and 23.51 kg ha-1 day-1) and economic efficiency (517, 557 and 537 Rs. ha-1 day-1) was attained by residual effect of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost. However, among different treatments applied to rabi maize during 2016-17, 2017-18 and in pooled analysis, the combined application of RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 recorded maximum values in respect of soybean equivalent yield (5278, 5253 and 5265 kg ha-1), production efficiency (22.75, 22.35 and 22.55 kg ha-1 day-1) and economic efficiency (484, 526 and 505 Rs. ha-1 day-1), respectively. The maximum gross monetary returns (186529, 196764 and 191646 Rs. ha-1), net monetary returns (120053, 129118 and 114991 Rs. ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.81, 2.91 and 2.86) of cropping sequence due to residual effect of 50% RDN + 50% RDN through vermicompost, However, the monetary benefits with gross returns (178842, 189774 and 184308 Rs. ha-1), net returns (112234, 121999 and 117117 Rs. ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.69, 2.80 and 2.75) were maximum with application of RDF + ZnSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + FeSO4 @ 30 kg ha-1 on basis of two years data and on pooled basis. On the basis of experimental results, it can be concluded that, soybean-maize sequence should be nourished with organic manures along with recommended dose of chemical fertilizers to both the crops which maintained soil health. In addition to this, ZnSO4 and FeSO4 may be provided as supplement to increase the productivity of crop sequence.ThesisItem Open Access PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMICS OF Bt COTTON UNDER DIFFERENT FERTIGATION LEVELS AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-12-16) THAKARE, SWAPNIL SUBHASHRAO.; Paslawar, Dr. A. N.A field investigation entitled “Productivity and economics of Bt cotton under different fertigation levels and weed management practices” was conducted at AICRP on Weed management farm, Deparment of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season 2017-18 and 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were twenty treatments having four different fertigation levels and five weed management practices. The main plot treatments comprised of different levels of fertilizer in five splits at 75 per cent, 100 per cent and 125 per cent of recommended dose of N and K fertilizers given through fertigation, however P was applied as basal dose and these treatment were compared with 100 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers as soil application. Whereas, sub plot treatments comprised of five weed management practices viz., pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i/ha PE fb pyrithiobac sodium @ 0.062 kg a.i/ha + propaquizafop @ 0.075 kg a.i/ha 25-30 DAS + 1 hand weeding at 45-50 DAS, pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i/ha PE fb paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha at 40-50 DAS, directed spray of paraquat @ 0.3 kg a.i/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying and paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha 60 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying, farmers practice – 3 hoeing 15-20 days interval after sowing fb 3 HW and weedy check. The soil of experimental plot was vertisol. Low in available nitrogen (170.0 kg ha-1), medium in phosphorus (19.16 kg ha-1), organic carbon (0.41%), rich in available potassium (363 kg ha-1) and slightly alkaline in reaction (7.8). Cotton hybrid PDKV JKAL-116 BG II was sown on June 17, 2017 and June 20, 2018 at a spacing 120 x 60 cm. The experimental site was established with inline drip irrigation system (16 mm) lateral laid out at 120 cm with 60 cm dripper spacing. Irrigation water was applied through drip irrigation on alternate day at the rate of 100 per cent crop evapotranspiration level. As per requirement of cotton crop during rainless period of kharif season. The major weed flora viz; Dicot weeds comprising six species viz. Ipomea reniformis, Parthenium hysterophorus, Alternanthera sessile, Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia geniculata was the dominant group with 51% to 58% mean population followed by monocot (grasses and sedges) like Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon occupying 42% to 49% were found during study. Experimental results revealed that, in cotton all the growth parameters viz. plant height, leaf area index, chlorophyll content index, dry matter accumulation per plant, sympodial branches and yield attributes viz. bolls picked and seed cotton yield were substantially enhanced by drip fertigation level at 125 per cent recommended dose of N and K ha-1 than lower fertigation levels (75 and 100 per cent) and over conventional soil application with 100 per cent RDNK kg ha-1. As a consequence of better growth and yield attributes, drip fertigation at 125 per cent RDNK ha-1 had recorded higher seed cotton yield of 2640 kg ha-1 and 3156 kg ha-1 during 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively as well as in pooled mean 2896 kg ha-1. Invariably higher weed population and weed dry weight were associated with soil application of recommended dose of fertilizers (100 per cent RDNK through soil) compared to fertigation treatments. The more or less indentical values of weed index was recorded under different level of fertigation as compared to 100% RDF through soil application. Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) was found better in drip fertigation at 75 per cent recommended dose of N and K ha-1 as compared to conventional soil application of fertilizers in cotton crop. The GMR ( 158414 ha-1), NMR ( 95669 ha-1) and B:C (2.46) were also found maximum with drip fertigation at 125 per cent RDNK ha-1 in pooled data during study. Among the various weed management practices under study farmers practice (3 hoeing 15-20 days interval after sowing fb 3 HW) recorded significantly higher values of major parameters whereas, in herbicidal treatments, directed spray of paraquat @ 0.3 kg a.i/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying and paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha 60 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying recorded significant reduction in weed density, weed dry matter, highest weed control efficiency and lowest weed index. Which ultimately resulted in maximum seed cotton yield of 2531 kg ha-1, 2887 kg ha-1 and 2709 kg ha-1 during 2017-18, 2018-19 and pooled mean respectively. The nutrient uptake by weeds was more in weedy check condition. However, total nutrient uptake by crop was observed maximum with directed spray of paraquat @ 0.3 kg a.i/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying and paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha 60 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying. The maximum gross monetary return ( 156624 ha-1) was recorded with farmers practice (3 hoeing 15-20 days interval after sowing fb 3 HW) in pooled mean. Whereas, maximum NMR ( 90248 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.54) were recorded in directed spray of paraquat @ 0.3 kg a.i/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying and paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha 60 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying in pooled data. Lowest GMR, NMR and B:C ratio was found in weedy check. The highest seed cotton yield (3541 kg ha-1), lint yield (1315 kg ha-1), stalk yield (5188 kg ha-1) and GMR ( 193093 ha-1) were recorded with application of 125% RDNK through drip and weed management by farmers practice which at par with directed spray of paraquat and hand weeding two times. Whereas, highest NMR ( 119220 ha-1) were recorded with 125% RDNK through fertigation and weed management by directed spray of paraquat and hand weeding two times. On the basis of two year data, it could be concluded that application of 125 per cent recommended dose of N and K in five splits (P as basal) through drip and directed spray of paraquat @ 0.3 kg a.i/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying and paraquat @ 0.6 kg a.i/ha 60 DAS fb 1 HW 15 days after spraying found to be best for maximizing seed cotton yield, economic returns and weed control efficiency from Bt cotton.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF INTERCROP AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMICS OF DESHI AND AMERICAN COTTON(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2010-01-25) TURKHEDE, A. B.; Giri, Dr D.G.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF HIRSUTUM COTTON TO HIGH DENSITY PLANTING, NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND MOISTURE CONSERVATION UNDER RAINFED CONDITION.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola., 2017-12-26) KHARGKHARATE, VILAS KASHINATH.; Ghanbahadur, Dr. Mangala R.
