Thumbnail Image

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

Browse

2012 - 20149
Reset filters
Subject: Agronomy × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Production Potential and Economic Viability of Food-Forage Based Cropping Sequence Under Irrigated Conditions of Jabalpur (M.P.)
    (JNKVV, 2013) Shrivastava, Arti; Jha, Girish
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Production potential and economic viability of food-forage based cropping sequence under irrigated conditions of Jabalpur (M.P.)” was conducted at AICRP on forage crops, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). The experiment was conducted in randomized block design replicated three times with 10 food-forage based cropping sequences viz., hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier + ricebean, maize (baby corn) + ricebean – berseem – maize (baby corn) + ricebean, maize (baby corn) + ricbebean – oat – maize (baby corn) + ricebean, maize (baby corn) + ricebean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricebean, maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (fodder) + ricebean, maize (green cob) + ricebean – berseem – maize (green cob) + ricebean, maize (green cob) + ricbean – oat – maize (green cob) + ricbean, maize (green cob) + ricbean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricbean, maize (green cob) + ricbean – oat – maize (fodder) + ricebean and rice – berseem – moong. The salient findings of the investigation are briefly summarized as below - Productivity of the cropping system Among ten crop sequences tested maize (baby corn) + ricebean – berseem – maize (baby corn) + ricebean cropping sequence led to record the maximum productivity (2842.37 q/ha/year) in terms of maize green fodder equivalent yield as well as production efficiency of (11.34 q/ha/day). Hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier + ricebean obtained minimum maize green fodder equivalent yield (1371.37 q/ha/year) and production efficiency of (4.22 q/ha/year), but it recorded maximum (88.89%) LUE. Maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (baby corn) crop sequence registered minimum (57.94%) LUE. Total dry matter, crude protein and crude fibre yield Total dry matter yield was found maximum under (357.88 q/ha) and minimum in crop sequence (244.97 q/ha). Total crude protein yield was recorded highest in crop sequence of maize (green cob) + ricebean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricebean (40.26 q/ha) whereas lowest in rice – berseem – moong (23.60 q/ha) crop sequence. In regard to total crude fibre yield, maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (fodder) + ricebean crop sequence ranked first among all food-forage based cropping sequence which obtained (103.49 q/ha) crude fibre yield. Perennial grass sequence of hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier +| ricebean registered minimum crude fibre yield (71.35 q/ha). Energy budget of the food-forage crop sequence Hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier + ricebean crop sequence recorded highest energy use efficiency (31.33 MJ/ha) and minimum output efficiency (1052 MJ/ha). EUE was recorded lowest in the maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (baby corn) + ricebean (20.31 MJ/ha). Maximum energy productivity obtained by maize (baby corn) + ricebean – berseem - maize (baby corn) + ricebean (4.61 kg/MJ) but in regard of specific energy it was minimum in this sequence (21.65 MJ/kg). The total energy input requirement was highest in maize (green cob) + ricebean – oat – maize (green cob) and maize (green cob) + ricebean – oat – maize (fodder) + ricebean (64.1 x 103 MJ/ha) crop sequences whereas minimum in perennial grass sequence (36.5 x 103 MJ/ha). But in regard of energy output, it was recorded maximum in maize (green cob) + ricebean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricebean (65.2 x 103 MJ/ha) crop sequence. The lowest energy output and energy balance were recorded by hybrid napier grass sequence (341 x 103 MJ/ha) and (304 x 103 MJ/ha) respectively. Effect of different food-forage cropping sequence on total uptake and soil fertility status Crop sequence maize (green cob) + ricebean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricebean recorded the maximum uptake of N (642.1 q/ha) followed by maize (baby corn) + ricebean – berseem – maize (fodder) + ricebean (639.7 q/ha) whereas minimum uptake of N was noted with rice – berseem – moong crop sequence (386.3 q/ha). Total uptake of P was noticed maximum in maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (fodder) + ricebean (103.4 q/ha) and minimum in hybrid napier crop sequence (587.9 q/ha). Existing crop sequence rice – berseem – moong registerd (61.2 q/ha) total P uptake. Uptake of K was highest in maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (baby corn) + ricebean (757.0 q/ha) and lowest in hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier + ricebean (435.9 q/ha). Based on data pertaining to changes in soil properties after completion of 2 crop cycles of various crop sequences were safe to maintain the soil properties. But continuous hybrid napier cropping gave an indication for depletion of OC in the soil after completion of 2 cycles of the rotation. The enhancement in fertility status of soils may be attributed to inclusion of legumes in all crop sequences. Employment generation Hybrid napier + ricebean – hybrid napier + berseem – hybrid napier + ricebean sequence recorded highest employment generation efficiency (0.80 mandays/ha/day). In this regard, maize (baby corn) + ricebean – oat – maize (baby corn) + ricebean crop sequence registered minimum employment generation efficiency (0.54 man days/ha/day). Economics of the crop sequences
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Planting Management on Growth Analysis and Production Efficiency of Rice Hybrid and Inbred Under System of Rice Intensification and Direct Seeding of Sprouted Seeds in Puddled Field
    (JNKVV, 2013) Mehra, Jaiprakash; Upadhyay, V.B.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of planting management on growth analysis and production efficiency of rice hybrid and inbred under system of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds in puddled field” was carried out at Krishi Nagar Farm, Adhartal Department of Agronomy, JNKVV, Jabalpur during kharif season of 2009-10 and 2010-11. The study was planned with a view to maximize the production efficiency and monetary advantage in rice by adopting suitable varieties planting depth and methods of planting. The soil of the experimental field was sandy clay loam in texture, neutral in reaction (7.5 pH) with medium OC (0.68%) content and analyzing low in available N (265 kg/ha, and P (7.99 kg/ha) and high in available K (295 kg/ha) content. Twelve treatment combinations consisted with three varieties (hybrid pro-Agro 6444, JRH-5 and inbred Sugandha-3) and two depths of planting (2.5 cm and 5.0 cm) as main plot treatment and two planting methods viz., System of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds as sub plot treatments were tested in split – plot design with four replications. The climate of the region is sub-tropical with hot dry summers and cool dry winters with an average rainfall of about 1350 mm. The weather conditions during 2009-10 was not so favourable for both the rice variety JRH-5 and Sugandha-3. Sowing of three rice varieties in nurseries was done on June 29th and July 12th during 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively. Seed rate of 5 and 15 kg/ha for system of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds, respectively with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. The pre and post harvest observations were recorded on various growth parameters, yield attributing characters, grain and straw yields and harvest index. The economics of different treatment as per hectare area basis was made. Finally the data were interpreted and effect of different treatment on various growth and yield attributing characters were summarized as under. Rice hybrid Pro-Agro 6444 was markedly superior in growth parameters viz., plant height , tillers/hill, LAI, dry matter production/hill, CGR and root characteristics (no. of primary roots/ hill, length, fresh and dry weight of roots) over hybrid JRH-5 and inbred Sugandha-3. Thus, it had superiority in various yield attributing characters viz; effective tillers/hill, weight of panicles, seeds/panicle, test weight, healthy grains/panicle, less no. of chaffy grains/panicle and more harvest index etc. Ultimately, hybrid rice Pro-Agro 6444 produced significantly higher grain (73.98 q/ha) and straw (169.38 q/ha) yields over JRH-5 having grain yield of 60.72 q/ha and straw yield of 155.38 q/ha and Sugandha-3 having grain yield of 42.69 q/ha and straw yields of 106.72 q/ha. The cultivation of hybrid pro-Agro 6444 proved to be more remunerative with regards to higher net monetary returns (Rs. 37762.23/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (2.17) than that of JRH-5 and Sugandha-3. Almost all the growth parameters were significantly higher in shallow depth (2.5 cm ) of planting viz; plant height, no of tillers/hill, LAI, root characteristics, CGR, and dry matter production/hill than deeper planting depth (5.0 cm). Consequently, yield attributing characters viz; panicle length and weight, filled grains/panicle, test weight, low sterility percentage and numerically higher harvest index (HI) were superior with the shallow depth of planting, which ultimately produced higher grain (60.84 q/ha) and straw (147.22 q/ha) yields than that of deeper planting depth. Deeper planting of seedlings and sprouted seeds faced the adverse effect on growth parameters, resulting into lower yield attributing characters thus, they produced lesser yields. The system of rice intensification was superior than direct seeding of sprouted seeds with regard to plant height, no of tillers/hill, LAI, CGR, RGR and root characteristics were also better with it, which resulted into more dry matter accumulation by plants/m2. As a consequence, system of rice intensification led to recorded superior yields attributes viz; panicle length and weight, filled grains/ panicle, test weight and HI which ultimately contributed to produce higher grain (59.99 q/ha) and straw (145.48 q/ha) yields. Thus, system of rice intensification appeared to be optimum for efficient utilization of resources of micro-environments viz; space, light, water and nutrients. The system of rice intensification proved to be more remunerative with regards to higher net monetary returns (Rs. 24553.99/ha) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds (Rs 23679.43/ha). The cost of cultivation did not differ due to different varieties (Sugandha-3, JRH-5 and Pro-Agro 6444) and planting depths (2.5 cm and 5.0 cm) but, varying in planting methods. In system of rice intensification greater expenditure was incurred for nursery raising, transplanting of seedlings than direct seeding of sprouted seeds. Both, GMR and NMR values were higher in late duration rice variety Pro-Agro 6444 as against early duration rice variety JRH-5 and medium duration rice variety Sugandha-3. Thus, the former variety was more remunerative with B:C ratio of 2.17 than the JRH-5 with B:C ratio of 1.81 and Sugandha-3 with B:C ratio of 1.27. The higher GMR and NMR were obtained under shallow depth of planting (2.5 cm) than deeper planting depth (5.0 cm). Thus, the former planting depth was more remunerative with B:C ratio of 1.80 than the deeper planting depth with B:C ratio of 1.70. System of rice intensification fetched higher GMR and NMR values (Rs. 56817.74 and 24553.99/ha) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds. However, the B:C ratio was more in system of rice intensification (1.76) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds (1.74). The overall view of economic analysis revealed that late duration rice Pro-Agro 6444 with shallow depth of planting under system of rice intensification was more remunerative and fetching higher GMR, NMR returns and B:C ratio.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact studies of different resource conservation practices on cropping systems in kymore plateu and satpura hills
    (JNKVV, 2014) Tiwari, Ashish; Agrawal, K.K.
    ABSTRACT Grain yield of all Kharif and Rabi crops was significantly affected due to tillage operation during both the years of investigation. Based on two years mean data conventional tillage proved significantly superior to minimum tillage from total production point of view. Conventional tillage produced significantly maximum REYs (101.97 q/ha/year) as compared to minimum tillage. The grain yield was significantly higher during Kharif and Rabi as compared to no mulch application and this trend was reflected in terms of total productivity. In both years, the grain yield of Kharif and Rabi crops was significantly higher in the treatment where 100% RDF with 25% N through organic sources was applied as compared to 100% RDF. To assess the total productivity of various cropping systems as a whole, rice equivalent yields (REYs) were determined under different treatments. Based on two years data, the REYs significantly varied due to different tillage, cropping systems, mulch and fertility levels. Rice-wheat cropping system produced higher REYs (114.48 q/ha/year) than the rice-berseem (106.16 q/ha) which in maize-wheat, sorghum-wheat (106.16, 90.55 and 89.63 q/ha/year) respectively. In comparison between mulch and fertility levels, mulching application produced significantly maximum (100.80 q/ha/year) and 100% RDF + 25% N through organic source produce highest REYs (102.49 q/ha/year). The water productivity of tillage in Kharif season was significantly higher (38.15 kg/ha/cm) with conventional tillage than minimum tillage (36.96 kg/ha/cm) but in Rabi conventional tillage was as good as minimum tillage. As regards cropping system during significantly rice crop had greater WUE (48.60 kg/ha/cm) than other croppings in rice-berseem cropping. On the other hand in (sorghum-wheat) cropping sorghum had minimum (24.93 kg/ha/cm) water use efficiency. In the Rabi season berseem crop had maximum (102.59 kg/ha/cm) water use efficiency in rice-berseem cropping and the minimum was (91.91 kg/ha/cm) in CS4 (sorghum-wheat) wheat crop was recorded. In mulch application during Kharif season the significantly maximum water use efficiency was recorded in mulch (37.75 kg/ha/cm) and the lowest in no mulch application (37.01 kg/ha/cm). But in Rabi season significantly higher water use efficiency in with mulch application (96.63 kg/ha/cm) was recorded. In fertility levels in Kharif season the significantly maximum WUE (37.87 kg/ha/cm) was in 100% RDF + 25% N through organic sources and minimum (36.79 kg/ha/cm) in 100% RDF was recorded. In Rabi season first year was non significantly differ between F1 and F2 but in second year significantly maximum (98.08 kg/ha/cm) in F2 (100% RDF + 25% N through organic sources) and the minimum (91.16 kg/ha/cm) in F1 (100% RDF) was recorded. Thus, it could be said the during kharif season under fertility levels significantly higher water use efficiency was noted with 100% RDF + 25% through organic source than application of 100% RDF. Whereas in the rabi season differences was non significant in first year but it was significant during second year significant higher water use efficiency was with the application of 100% RDF + 25% N through organic sources as compared to 100% RDF. On the basis of above findings it can be concluded. The cost of cultivation to grow rice-berseem cropping system in conventional tillage with application of and 100% RDF + 25% N through organic sources needed maximum investment (67175 `/ha), which was reduced to 65175, 63775 and 63325 `/ha under T2xCS2xM0xF2, T1xCS2xM1xF2 and T2xCS2xM1xF1 respectively, while it was the least (47196 `/ha) in minimum tillage sorghum-wheat cropping, no mulch application and 100% RDF. While considering the monetary advantages by the treatments in terms of GMR, conventional tillage (127490 `/ha), rice-wheat (cropping system (143119 `/ha), mulch application (126030 `/ha) and 100% RED + 25% N through organic sources (127689 `/ha) resulted in the highest GMRs. The GMRs of a particular were positively related with the grain and straw yields of both crops. But the NMRs were determined by subtraction the cost of cultivation from the GMRs of the same treatment. Hence, it could be said the true monetary gain to the growers with that treatment. Based on the results, conventional tillage (69331 `/ha), rice-wheat cropping system (85889 `/ha), no mulch application (69064 `/ha) and 100% RDF (69223 `/ha) fetched the highest NMRs. The profitability (B:C ratio) under minimum tillage rice-wheat cropping system mulch application and 100% RDF was 2.25, 2.50, 2.24 and 2.29 respectively.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative study of organic inorganic and integrated nutrient management on productivity economics and soil health under various rice based cropping system
    (JNKVV, 2014) Dubey, Megha; Agriwal, K.K.
    ABSTRACT Grain yield of all kharif and rabi crops was significantly affected due to different nutrient managements during both the years of investigation. Based on two years mean data 100% inorganic nutrient management proved significantly superior to integrated and 100% organic nutrient management from total production point of view. Inorganic nutrient management produced significantly maximum REYs (68.13 q ha-1 year-1) as compared to integrated and 100% organic nutrient management. The grain yield was significantly higher during kharif and rabi as compared to summer season and this trend was reflected in terms of total productivity. In first years, the grain yield of kharif, rabi and summer crops was significantly higher in the treatment where 100% inorganic sources was applied as compared to integrated and 100% organic nutrient management. Whereas, the yield of different crops reduced during second year throughout the year. To assess the total productivity of various cropping systems as a whole, rice equivalent yields (REYs) were determined under different treatments. Based on three years data, the rice equivalent yields significantly varied due to different nutrient managements and cropping systems. Rice-berseem (fodder+seed) cropping system produced higher rice equivalent yields (74.99 q ha-1 year-1) than the rice-vegetable pea-sorghum (fodder) (68.68 q ha-1 year-1) which decreased in green manuring-rice-wheat and rice-chickpea-sesame cropping system (63.90 and 51.80 q ha-1 year-1) respectively. In comparison between different nutrient management practices it was observed that application of 100% inorganic nutrient management practices produced the maximum (68.13 q ha-1 year-1) rice equivalent yields followed by integrated nutrient management (66.20 q ha-1 year-1) and 100% organic nutrient management (60.23 q ha-1 year-1) . The productivity efficiency was significantly higher ( 21.71 kg ha-1 cm-1 ) with 100% inorganic nutrient management than 100% organic nutrient management (19.22 kg ha-1 cm-1) but integrated nutrient management was as good as inorganic nutrient management . As regard different cropping systems rice-berseem (fodder+seed ) cropping system recorded the significantly higher production efficiency of 26.11 kg ha-1 cm-1 to all other cropping systems. Consumptive use of water was not affected by different nutrient management practices. Among cropping system rice-berseem (fodder+ seed) cropping system recorded the maximum CUW with 213.60 cm ha-1 superior over all other cropping systems. The water productivity was maximum in 100% inorganic nutrient management with 35.29 kg ha-1 cm-1 followed by integrated nutrient management (34.44 kg ha-1 cm-1).Where as it was superior in rice-vegetable pea-sorgum (fodder) cropping system 37.39 kg ha-1 cm-1 followed by rice-berseem (fodder+seed) (36.26 kg ha-1 cm-1). On the basis of above findings it can be concluded. The cost of cultivation to grow rice-vegetable pea-sorghum (fodder) cropping system with application of and 100% organic nutrient needed maximum investment (119886 Rs ha-1) rice-vegetable pea-sorghum (fodder) cropping system with 100% organic nutrient management, which was reduced under different cropping system. While it was the least (48479 Rs ha-1) in green manuring-rice-wheat cropping system under 100% inorganic nutrient management practices. While considering the monetary advantages by the treatments in terms of gross monetary return, 100% organic nutrient management practices (159827 Rs ha-1) and rice-berseem (fodder+seed) cropping system (181261 Rs ha-1) resulted in the highest gross monetary return. Based on the results, 100% inorganic nutrient management practices recorded (95251 Rs ha-1) and rice-berseem (fodder+seed) cropping system (111155 Rs ha-1) fetched the highest net monetary returns. The profitability (B:C ratio) under 100% inorganic nutrient management practices (2.70) and rice-berseem (fodder+seed) cropping system was (2.60) respectively was superior over all other cropping systems.