Effect of Planting Management on Growth Analysis and Production Efficiency of Rice Hybrid and Inbred Under System of Rice Intensification and Direct Seeding of Sprouted Seeds in Puddled Field
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Date
2013
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JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled “Effect of planting management on growth analysis and production efficiency of rice hybrid and inbred under system of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds in puddled field” was carried out at Krishi Nagar Farm, Adhartal Department of Agronomy, JNKVV, Jabalpur during kharif season of 2009-10 and 2010-11.
The study was planned with a view to maximize the production efficiency and monetary advantage in rice by adopting suitable varieties planting depth and methods of planting. The soil of the experimental field was sandy clay loam in texture, neutral in reaction (7.5 pH) with medium OC (0.68%) content and analyzing low in available N (265 kg/ha, and P (7.99 kg/ha) and high in available K (295 kg/ha) content. Twelve treatment combinations consisted with three varieties (hybrid pro-Agro 6444, JRH-5 and inbred Sugandha-3) and two depths of planting (2.5 cm and 5.0 cm) as main plot treatment and two planting methods viz., System of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds as sub plot treatments were tested in split – plot design with four replications.
The climate of the region is sub-tropical with hot dry summers and cool dry winters with an average rainfall of about 1350 mm. The weather conditions during 2009-10 was not so favourable for both the rice variety JRH-5 and Sugandha-3. Sowing of three rice varieties in nurseries was done on June 29th and July 12th during 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively. Seed rate of 5 and 15 kg/ha for system of rice intensification and direct seeding of sprouted seeds, respectively with spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm.
The pre and post harvest observations were recorded on various growth parameters, yield attributing characters, grain and straw yields and harvest index. The economics of different treatment as per hectare area basis was made. Finally the data were interpreted and effect of different treatment on various growth and yield attributing characters were summarized as under.
Rice hybrid Pro-Agro 6444 was markedly superior in growth parameters viz., plant height , tillers/hill, LAI, dry matter production/hill, CGR and root characteristics (no. of primary roots/ hill, length, fresh and dry weight of roots) over hybrid JRH-5 and inbred Sugandha-3. Thus, it had superiority in various yield attributing characters viz; effective tillers/hill, weight of panicles, seeds/panicle, test weight, healthy grains/panicle, less no. of chaffy grains/panicle and more harvest index etc. Ultimately, hybrid rice Pro-Agro 6444 produced significantly higher grain (73.98 q/ha) and straw (169.38 q/ha) yields over JRH-5 having grain yield of 60.72 q/ha and straw yield of 155.38 q/ha and Sugandha-3 having grain yield of 42.69 q/ha and straw yields of 106.72 q/ha. The cultivation of hybrid pro-Agro 6444 proved to be more remunerative with regards to higher net monetary returns (Rs. 37762.23/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (2.17) than that of JRH-5 and Sugandha-3.
Almost all the growth parameters were significantly higher in shallow depth (2.5 cm ) of planting viz; plant height, no of tillers/hill, LAI, root characteristics, CGR, and dry matter production/hill than deeper planting depth (5.0 cm). Consequently, yield attributing characters viz; panicle length and weight, filled grains/panicle, test weight, low sterility percentage and numerically higher harvest index (HI) were superior with the shallow depth of planting, which ultimately produced higher grain (60.84 q/ha) and straw (147.22 q/ha) yields than that of deeper planting depth. Deeper planting of seedlings and sprouted seeds faced the adverse effect on growth parameters, resulting into lower yield attributing characters thus, they produced lesser yields.
The system of rice intensification was superior than direct seeding of sprouted seeds with regard to plant height, no of tillers/hill, LAI, CGR, RGR and root characteristics were also better with it, which resulted into more dry matter accumulation by plants/m2. As a consequence, system of rice intensification led to recorded superior yields attributes viz; panicle length and weight, filled grains/ panicle, test weight and HI which ultimately contributed to produce higher grain (59.99 q/ha) and straw (145.48 q/ha) yields. Thus, system of rice intensification appeared to be optimum for efficient utilization of resources of micro-environments viz; space, light, water and nutrients. The system of rice intensification proved to be more remunerative with regards to higher net monetary returns (Rs. 24553.99/ha) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds (Rs 23679.43/ha).
The cost of cultivation did not differ due to different varieties (Sugandha-3, JRH-5 and Pro-Agro 6444) and planting depths (2.5 cm and 5.0 cm) but, varying in planting methods. In system of rice intensification greater expenditure was incurred for nursery raising, transplanting of seedlings than direct seeding of sprouted seeds.
Both, GMR and NMR values were higher in late duration rice variety Pro-Agro 6444 as against early duration rice variety JRH-5 and medium duration rice variety Sugandha-3. Thus, the former variety was more remunerative with B:C ratio of 2.17 than the JRH-5 with B:C ratio of 1.81 and Sugandha-3 with B:C ratio of 1.27.
The higher GMR and NMR were obtained under shallow depth of planting (2.5 cm) than deeper planting depth (5.0 cm). Thus, the former planting depth was more remunerative with B:C ratio of 1.80 than the deeper planting depth with B:C ratio of 1.70.
System of rice intensification fetched higher GMR and NMR values (Rs. 56817.74 and 24553.99/ha) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds. However, the B:C ratio was more in system of rice intensification (1.76) than direct seeding of sprouted seeds (1.74).
The overall view of economic analysis revealed that late duration rice Pro-Agro 6444 with shallow depth of planting under system of rice intensification was more remunerative and fetching higher GMR, NMR returns and B:C ratio.