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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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201527
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End date: 2015 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Optimising nutrient management strategy and assessing the contribution of different nutrients to yield of hybrid rice in calcareous soil
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumar, Nitish; Chaudhary, S. K.
    A field experiment on “Optimising nutrient management strategy and assessing the contribution of different nutrients to yield of hybrid rice in calcareous soil” was carried out during kharif - 2014 at Research Farm, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (India) to evaluate the effect of different nutrients on yield and economics of hybrid rice (“Arize 6444”) and inbred rice (“Rajshree”). The soil was calcareous (pH 8.28) in nature with low organic carbon (0.33%), available nitrogen (212 kg N ha-1), potassium (103.48 kg K2O ha-1) and zinc (0.72 mg Zn kg-1); medium phosphorus (38.93 kg P2O5 ha-1) and high sulphur (52.80 mg S kg-1) status. The factors under study comprised of 10 treatments viz.T1-ample dose of N+ P+ K+ S+ Zn, T2-P+K+S+Zn (-N), T3-N+K+S+Zn (-P), T4-N+P+S+Zn (-K), T5-N+P+K+Zn (-S), T6-N+P+K+S (-Zn), T7-Inbred variety under unfertilized check, T8- Inbred variety under ample fertilizer (N+ P+ K+ S+ Zn), T9-Control (hybrid rice without any fertilizer), T10- nutrient dose based on Nutrient Expert in inbred rice. The experiment was conducted in RBD with three replications. The nutrient dose for hybrid rice (at yield target of 7 t ha-1) was 175 kg N ha-1, 70 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 80 kg K2O ha-1 and for inbred rice (at yield target of 5 t ha-1), 125 kg N ha-1, 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 60 kg K2O ha-1. In treatment T10 nutrient dose was applied according to Nutrient Expert (N-P2O5-K2O:109-28-54 kg ha-1). The common dose of S (30 kg ha-1) and Zn (3 kg ha-1) was applied in all the treatments. Treatment T1 for hybrid rice was superior over all the other treatments in grain yield, harvest index, nutrient uptake, net return and benefit: cost ratio. Among different treatments with inbred rice, treatment T8 was at par with T10 and significantly superior over T7 for grain and straw yield. Most detrimental effect of omission of nutrient was observed in treatment T2 having 48.6 and 37.6 % less grain and straw yield respectively over T1. Maximum nutrient uptake by rice was recorded under treatment T1, while omission of nutrients decreased the nutrient uptake and maximum decrease was recorded for N and it was followed by K, P, S and Zn. Build-up in available nutrient was recorded maximum under treatment T1, while there was a decrease in availability of nutrients in accordance to the omitted nutrient. Maximum net return (₹ 48,837 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.22) was in treatment T1 and it was at par with treatments T5 and T6 having omission of sulphur and zinc respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiology of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes during germination against salinity stress
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumari, Pravina; kavita
    The present investigation was carried out to identify physiological parameters for screening tolerant and susceptible wheat genotypes against salinity stress and to study the physiology of salinity stress tolerance for improvement of wheat genotypes against salinity stress. The salt solution was prepared by using NaCl: CaCl2:Na2SO4 in the ratio of 7:2:1 (w/v) and electrical conductivity of different salinity levels were maintained by using direct reading conductivity meter. Wheat seeds were sterilized by soaking in 0.1% HgCl2 for two minutes followed by thorough washing with de-ionized water and germinating in Petri dishes lined with blotting paper. Screening of 20 genotypes was done on the basis of germination percent. Out of these, four wheat genotypes belonging to tolerant (Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-5, Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-20) and susceptible (Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-7, Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-13) groups were selected for present investigation to study the impact of salt stress on 8-day old seedling of wheat genotypes. The evaluation was based on assay of some physiological and biochemical parameters under laboratory conditions. Effect of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of four wheat genotypes (Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-5, Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-20, Yangmat 6- Sonalika RIL-7, Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-13) were evaluated. It was evident that the salt solution reduced seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. On the value of percent reduction in seed germination, germination relative index (GRI), mobilization efficiency (ME) and vigour index (VI), the inhibitory effect of different salt stress was found maximum in susceptible genotypes (Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-7 and Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-13) followed by tolerant genotypes (Yangmat 6-Sonalika RIL-5 and Yangmat 6- Sonalika RIL-20). On an average, the germination percentage, GRI, VI of the tolerant genotypes was significantly higher than that of susceptible genotypes. Salt stress on wheat seedlings exhibited inhibitory effect on reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar, protein content and activity of enzyme amylase while it had stimulatory effect on parameters such as content of starch, total free amino acids, proline, and activity of protease and peroxidase enzymes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of Thematic Soil Maps of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa Farm through Geo-informatics Technology
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Praveen, Hena; Singh, M. P.
    A study for the ‘Development of Thematic Soil Maps of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa Farm through Geo-informatics Technology’ was carried out during 2014-2015. The study area lies between 250 58’54” N to 25º 59’ 28.91’’ N latitude and 850 40’25” E to 85º 41’ 27.88’’ E longitude by the side of Burhi Gandak river in Samastipur district under the North-West alluvial plain (Agro-climatic Zone-I of Bihar). 149 Samples were collected on grid basis with coordinates through GPS and thematic soil maps were prepared using TNTmips (2010) GIS software. The thematic soil maps clearly revealed the distribution of different physico-chemical characteristics and available nutrients status which were assigned appropriate classes - low, medium and high or sufficient /deficient. The maximum spatial distribution of soil texture was loamy sand (40.52%), bulk density 1.45 to 1.5 Mg m-3 (80.86%), clay content 15 to 20% (51.11%), soil pH 8.0 to 8.5 (41.84%), soil EC 0.5 to 1 dS m-1 (49.31%), organic carbon 0.50 to 0.75% (60.43%), mineralizable soil nitrogen < 250 kg ha-1 ( 86.27%) , available phosphorus 25 to 50 kg ha-1 (71.06%), potassium 125 to 300 kg ha-1 (87.71%), DTPA extractable Cu > 0.6 mg kg-1 (99.98%), DTPA extractable Mn > 3.5 mg kg-1 (99.96%), DTPA extractable Fe > 7 mg kg-1 (99.6%), DTPA extractable Zn < 0.78 mg kg-1 (66.86%), hot water extractable soil boron < 0.3 mg kg-1 (78.07 %), available sulphur < 13 mg kg-1 (80.48%) and Free CaCO3 20-30% (55.2 %). Under multi major nutrient deficient soils, low in nitrogen and potassium were in 36.74% area and low phosphorus and potassium were in 19.78% area. In multi micro nutrient deficient soils, Zn and B were deficient only in 3.24% area and at least one micronutrient deficient area was 95.98%. Nutrient Index calculated for the major nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 1.416, 1.893 and 1.678, respectively. Productivity Index (PI) estimated on the basis of soil texture available N, P2O5 and K2O showed spatial distribution of 90.27 % area with low PI, 9.57% area with medium PI and 0.15 % with high PI. The clay content showed significant correlation with available N, K and Cu while it was highly significant with available S and Fe. However, it had a significantly negative correlation with available B and Mn. The pH showed significant correlation with available K and Cu and highly significant correlation with available S, Fe, and Mn. EC showed highly significant correlation with available B and negatively correlated with available S whereas highly negatively correlated with available N. The organic carbon content showed significant correlation with P and highly significant correlation with available N, Fe and Cu. The free CaCo3 showed a negative correlation with available N and Mn. Available Zn had no correlation with any of the soil properties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Sterility Mosaic Disease of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) and their management
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Maurya, Rahul Kumar; Kumar, Birendra
    Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is one of the most important pulse in India. It is known to be affected by several pests and diseases however among these sterility mosaic disease is one of the most destructive disease and has become a major limiting factor for Pigeonpea cultivation. Present investigations were carried out to survey the status of the disease, to study the symptomatology of sterility mosaic disease, suitable mode of transmission, effect of sowing dates on incidence of Pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease, its integrated disease management and to find out the resistant source of Pigeonpea against sterility mosaic disease. The survey was undertaken in six districts of Bihar viz., Samastipur, Muzaffarpur, Madhubani, Darbhanga, Begusarai and Saran. Begusarai and Samastipur districts recorded maximum incidence of 15 per cent whereas, Saran district recorded lowest 1-5 per cent. Sterility mosaic disease infection produced the symptoms like stunting of plant, reduction in size of leaf, mosaic mottling of leaves, profuse branching, bushy appearance and pale green leaf color. The diseased plants do not produce flowers and pods. The virus was readily transmissible by mites but not by sap, seed or through dodder. Epidemiological study indicated the effect of weather variables on the progress of sterility mosaic disease. The progress of the disease was found to be highly influenced by weather variables prevalent under field condition. Maximum periodical increase was observed during first to second week of October when maximum temperature ranged 32.2 – 33.10C, minimum temperature ranged 22.9 – 23.50C with relative humidity morning more than 90 per cent and relative humidity evening more than 70 per cent. The shifting of the date of planting from normal to early or late has no significant effect on the total development of sterility mosaic disease.Disease progress was found significantly and negative correlated with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind velocity and rainfall while relative humidity morning and relative humidity evening were found significantly and positive correlated with disease progress in all three dates of sowing. Multiple linear regression equation for the production of the disease based on different dates of sowing with weather variables were developed. The minimum temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity explained the variability between 78-85 per cent in all three dates of sowing. Regression equation have been developed using different weather factors and these explained the variability upto 85 per cent. Many management practices taken up propargite @ 0.1% two spray (1st spray 25 days after sowing and 2nd spray 15 days after 1st spray) recorded least incidence of sterility mosaic disease (7.72 %) with highest yield 875 kg/ha followed by dicofol @ 0.2 % (1st spray 25 days after sowing and 2nd spray 15 days after 1st spray) were found effective in controlling mites in reducing disease incidence. Screening of Pigeonpea germplams under field condition during Kharif season 2014-15. AKTE 10-12, AKTE 12-01, AL 1758, AL 1932, AL 1933, BDN 2004-1, BDN 2010-1, BDN 2011-1, BRG 3, BRG 4, BRG 5, BRG 14-1, BRG 14-2, BSMR 2, BSMR 243, BSMR 571, BSMR 853, BWR 133, CO – 6, CORG 9701, CRG 2010-11, CRG 2013-10, GRG K-1 , GRG 82, GRG 140, GRG 160, GRG 2009-1, ICPHL 4989-7, IPA 13-1, IPA 15F, IPA 204, JKM 189, KPL 43, KA 12-2, KA-3, MA 6, MAL 13, Mahajeb 105, PA 419, PA 426, PUSA 2014, PUSA 2014-3, RVSA 07-10, RVSA 07-29, RVSA 07-31, RVSA 2014-2, WRG 242, WRG 244, WRG 246, WRG 248, WRG 252, WRG 256, WRG 292, Bahar, ICP 11376, ICP 12012, ICP 12728, ICP 12752, ICPL 20095, ICPL 20123, ICPL 20124, ICPL 20135, ICPL 87051, ICPL 96053, ICPL 96061, ICPL 99009, ICPL 99044, ICPL 99055, ICPL 99095, ICPL 99098, ICPL 99099, ICPL 99100 were found resistant and 27 germplasms viz., BAU 13-1, BDN 2, BSMR 579, JSA 28, PT 257, PUSA 2014-2, RVSA 07-22, RVSA 2014-1, TJT 501, Vipula, WRP 1, WRG 223, WRG 287, WRG 288, WRG 289, WRG 293, WRG 297, WRG 65, ICP 13361, ICPL 94062, ICPL 20119, ICPL 20136, ICPL 20137, ICPL 99008, ICPL 99048, BRG 1 and ICPL 99091 were recorded moderately resistant among 140 germplasms & having resistant to moderately resistant may either be used as donor parent in breeding programme for development of resistant varieties or if yield level is comparable with existing varieties it may be released for general cultivation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of high Sucrose containing Sugarcane Clones under Water-Logging Condition
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumar, Praveen; Kumar, Balwant
    The present study was undertaken with evaluation of high sucrose containing sugarcane clones under water logging condition (water depth 45 to 60 cm from July to October) involved eighteen sugarcane clones including two checks (BO 91 and CoLk 94184), were planted in Paddy block at Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, in a Randomized Block Design with three replications during 2014 - 15. The characters studied namely germination % at 45 DAP, number of shoots at 120 DAP, plant height at 150, 240 and 360 days, cane diameter at harvest, number of millable canes, brix, pol and purity % at 10 & 12 month stage, single cane weight, number of aerial roots/ node, length of aerial root, dry weight of aerial roots during the water-logging period and cane yield. Observed data for all the traits of 18 high sucrose containing sugarcane clones were assessed for statistical analysis viz., analysis of variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variance, heritability, genetic advance as per cent of mean, correlation coefficient analysis and path coefficient analysis. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the clones for fourteen traits and significant for rest traits viz., germination % at 45 DAP, plant height at 150 days, single cane weight and purity % at 10 month stage. Variability studies showed high estimates of GCV and PCV for traits viz., length of aerial root and dry weight of aerial roots. In present set of materials high heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were found in single cane weight and length of aerial root indicating preponderance of additive gene effect. Traits namely plant height at 150, 240 & 360 days, single cane weight, brix % at 10 & 12 month stage, pol % at 10 & 12 month stage, showed significant positive correlation and number of aerial roots/ node had significant negative correlation with cane yield. Number of shoot at 120 days, plant height at 150 and 360 days, cane diameter at harvest, number of millable canes, single cane weight, pol % at 10 month stage, brix % at 12 month stage, pol % at 12 month stage, length of aerial root, showed positive direct effect towards cane yield at genotypic level showed importance of these characters for further yield improvement. On the basis of mean performance of cane yield and other productive traits under water logging condition only four clones namely CoX 12137, CoX 12164, CoX 12191 and CoX 12348 were selected. These clones may be utilize for further breeding programme so that recovery and productivity of sugarcane will enhance for water logging condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of combining ability and heterosis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
    (Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumar, Dhiraj; Singh, U. K.
    The present investigation entitled “Study of combing ability and heterosis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was undertaken with the objective of identifying good general combiner and to assess the magnitude of heterosis for yield and yield component traits. Altogether 32 hybrids were made from crosses of four cytoplasmic male sterile lines and eight diverse testers in a line×tester matting design. These were evaluated during rabi 2014-2015 at TCA, Dholi, Farm of Rajendra Agricultural University, Bihar, Pusa Samastipur in randomised block design with three replication. The parents and their hybrids were evaluated for 11 characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, Plant height, days to maturity, biological yield, head diameter, harvest index, 100 seed weight, volume weight, seed yield per plant, seed filling per cent and oil content. The grand mean of hybrids were significantly superior in the desirable direction compared to parental mean for each character under study. The highest mean performance was recorded in hybrid DSFH-4 for seed yield, DSFH-30 for head diameter and volume weight, DSFH-19 for 100 seed weight, DSFH-14 for seed filling per cent, and DSFH-31 for oil content. Both gca and sca variance differ significantly for all the characters. The magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the corresponding additive gene action for all the characters in hybrid. In female parent CMS-SS-502B, CMS-17B came out to be good general combiner for most of the yield and yield contributing traits. CMS-SS-502B was found to be good general combiner for head diameter, 100 seed weight, volume weight, seed yield per plant and seed filling per cent. Likewise CMS-17B was also found to good general combiner for early flowering and maturity, short plant height, 100 seed weight, volume weight and seed filling per cent. Among male parents SS-502-1-1 was good general combiner for biological yield per plant, head diameter, volume weight, seed yield per plant and oil content. Similarly GAUSUF-15 was also good general combiner for early flowering and maturity, short plant height, and 100 seed weight. Significantly favourable specific combining ability effects were observed for number of characters. The hybrid DSFH-4 for biological yield per plant, harvest index, volume weight, seed yield per plant, and seed filling per cent. DSFH-10 for early maturity, biological yield per plant and seed yield per plant. DSFH-6 for biological yield per plant, head diameter and seed yield per plant. DSFH-30 for biological yield per plant, head diameter, volume weight and seed yield per plant. Similarly DSFH-26 for dwarf plant height and volume weight recorded high hybrid performance, high sca and standard heterosis for different characters. The above hybrids were most ideal cross combination displaying consistant high sca effect with high per se performance. The hybrid DSFH-4 showed significant standard heterosis for seed yield per plant, harvest index and seed filling per cent over checks and better parent. DSFH-10 exhibited significant standard heterosis for seed yield per plant and seed filling per cent. Similarly DSFH-6 recorded significant heterosis for seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, head diameter and seed filling per cent over check and better parents. DSFH-26 showed significant highest standard heterosis for seed yield per plant. It also showed significant heterosis for seed filling per cent and dwarf plant height over checks and better parent. This hybrid had proved to be best for yield over checks and better parent followed by DSFH-4 and DSFH-6.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Combining ability and heterosis studies in mungbean (Vigna radiataL.Wilczek).
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Kumar, Anil; Kant, Ravi
    The present investigation was undertaken to obtain information on combining ability and heterotic response for yield and some important quantitative traits. The experiments were carried out at Breeder Seed Production Unit Farm, Directorate of Seed and Farms, Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar during 2014-15. Eight lines and four testers were crosses in Line x Tester mating design during Kharif 2014. Total 32 crosses along with 12 parents and one standard check i.e. HUM-16 were evaluated in RBD with three replications during Kharif 2014. The observations were made for 11 yield and yield attributing traits viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, pod length, seeds per pod, number of root-nodules per plant, 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant based on the five randomly selected plants of each treatment. The crosses namely HUM-12 x TMV-37, HUM-6 x SML-668, IPM-02-14 x SAMRAT, HUM-6 x TMB-37, IPM-02-3 x PUSA VISHAL, IPM-02-3 x SAMRAT, MEHA x SML-668, NDM-09-18 x PUSA VISHAL, PDM-11 x SAMRAT, PUSA-9531 x SML-668 for days to 50% flowering; HUM-12 x TMB-37, IPM-02-3 x PUSA VISHAL, NDM-09-18 x TMB-37 for number of cluster per plant; HUM-12 x TMB-37, PM-125 x PUSA VISHAL, MEHA x PUSA VISHAL, NDM-09-18 x SML-668, PUSA-9531 x SAMRAT for number of pods per cluster; NDM-09-18 x TMB-37, PUSA-9531 x PUSA VISHAL for Pod length; HUM-12 x SML-668, IPM-02-3 x TMB-37, PDM-11 x PUSA VISHAL, PUSA-9531 x SAMRAT, PUSA-9531 x SML-668 for seeds per pod; HUM-6 x SML-668, PDM-11 x PUSA VISHAL, PDM-11 x SAMRAT, PUSA - 9531 x SML-668 for number of root-nodules per plant; HUM-12 x SML-668, HUM-12 x TMB-37, HUM-6 x TMB-37 for 100-Seeds weight; HUM-12 x TMB-37, HUM-6 x SML-668, IPM-02-14 x SAMRAT, IPM-02-3 x PUSA VISHAL, MEHA x PUSA VISHAL, NDM-09-18 x PUSA VISHAL, PDM-11 x SML-668, PUSA-9531 x SAMRAT for biological yield per plant; HUM-12 x TMB-37, HUM-6 x SML-668, MEHA x PUSA VISHAL, PDM-11 x TMB-37 for harvest index and HUM-12 x TMB-37, HUM-6 x SML-668, IPM-02-14 x SAMRAT, IPM-02-14 x SML-668, IPM-02-3 x PUSA VISHAL, IPM-02-3 x SAMRAT, MEHA x PUSA VISHAL, NDM-09-18 x PUSA VISHAL, NDM-09-18 x TMB-37 for Seed yield per plant was found superior over check HUM-16. Based on positive and significant GCA effects along with high per se performance NDM-09-18, SML-668, HUM-12, HUM-6 and IPM-02-14 were identified as a best general combiner for yield. These parental lines may be used in hybridization programme to have the superior cross combinations for yieid. Based on per se performance, SCA and standard heterosis among all crosses, only one cross namely HUM-12 x TMB-37 was found common for seven yield and yield attributing traits except number of root-nodules per plant, seeds per pod, pod length and plant height and other cross namely HUM-6 x SML-668 also found common for five traits Viz. days to 50% flowering, number of root nodules per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant. These two crosses may be exploited in Mungbean improvement programme to enhance the yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Aerobic Rice.
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Chandra, Khushboo; Nilanjaya
    A study was conducted on 25 rice genotypes at Rain out Shelter (aerobic condition) and Rice Breeding section (normal condition), RAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during kharif 14 for “COMPARATIVE ASSESSSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN AEROBIC RICE” and was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications based on variability, heritability (broad sense), genetic advance, character association, path analysis and genetic divergence for 15 morpho-physiological characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variation among all the 25 genotypes of rice for all the 15 characters under aerobic and normal condition. The characters, namely 1000 grain weight, relative water content, maximum root length, flag leaf area, peroxidise activity in leaves and grain yield per plot had showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean under aerobic and normal conditions. Correlation studies indicated that at genotypic and phenotypic level for plant height, panicle length, spikelet per panicle, tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight, relative water content, maximum root length, flag leaf area, harvest index under aerobic condition, whereas, under normal condition, days to physiological maturity showed positive and significant association with grain yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that traits like days to fifty percent flowering, no. of spikelet per panicle, no. of tillers per plant and maximum root length had positive direct effect whereas, harvest index had both direct and indirect effect on grain yield per plot at genotypic level and at phenotypic level traits like days to fifty percent flowering had positive direct effect and days to physiological maturity, plant height, panicle length,1000 grain weight, relative water content, proline accumulation in leaves, peroxidase activity, no. of tillers per plant and maximum root length had positive indirect effect. No. of tillers per plant and 1000 grain weight had both direct and indirect effect on grain yield per plot at genotypic level and at phenotypic level traits like proline accumulation in leaves had positive direct effect but days to physiological maturity, plant height, panicle length,1000 grain weight, relative water content, peroxidase activity, no. of tillers per plant, maximum root length, no. of spikelet per panicle, flag leaf area and chlorophyll content had positive indirect effect on grain yield per plot under normal condition. On basis of inter cluster distances, cluster mean and mean performance, genotypes viz., RAU1417-2-1-5-7-7 and Vandana (Check) from cluster I &RAU1417-2-1-5-7-7 from cluster VI selected for earliness were identified as promising parents for their further utilization in hybridization programme under aerobic and normal condition. Under aerobic condition, the genotypes viz., RAU1417-2-1-5-7-7 exhibited superiority for proline accumulation in leaves. The genotypes viz., RAU1397-18-3-7-9-4-7from cluster III were selected for traits like panicle length, spikelets per panicle, tillers per plant, RWC in flag leaf, maximum root length, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content and grain yield per plot in normal condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of sugarcane varieties tolerant to water-logging condition.
    (Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2015) Agrawal, Rupesh Kumar; Kumar, Balwant
    In a field experiment 16 varieties including two checks were planted with three replications in RBD at Paddy Block, RAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during 2012-13 under low land area where its grand growth phase coincides with water-stagnation depth 40-45 cm for three months to identify Sugarcane varieties tolerant to water-logging condition. Investigation was carried out on variability, character association, path analysis and genetic divergence for the traits viz, Germination Percentage at 45 days, Number of Shoots at 120 days, Plant Height at 150, 240 and 360 days, Cane diameter, NMC, Single Cane weight, Red Rot Score, Brix at 10,11 and 12 month, Pol at 10, 11 and 12 month, Purity at 10, 11 and 12 month, CCS Per cent at harvest and Cane yield. Mean performance of four varieties viz. BO154, CoP092, CoX07067 and BO155 were found superior for most of the traits as well as it showed resistant to moderately resistant against red rot disease. Highly significant variation was observed for all traits except purity at 10 and 11 month stage and CCS percent at harvest it was due to the fact that these varieties were derived from parents having different ‘backgrounds’ geographical one i.e; originated at Pusa, Coimbatore, Sahjahanpur, Lucknow, Pantnagar, Seorahi. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean found for traits viz. number of shoots at 120 days, plant height at 240 and 360 days and single cane weight which will in favor of direct selection. Highly significant and positive correlation were exhibited between cane yield and cane diameter, number of number of millable canes, plant height at 150,240 and 360 days, single cane weight, germination per cent at 45 days and CCS per cent at harvest. Maximum positive direct effect on cane yield was exhibited by single cane weight followed by NMC, plant height at 150 days and CCS per cent at harvest while negative direct effect on cane yield showed by cane diameter, number of shoots at 120 days and plant height at 240 and 360 days. Five clusters were obtain by D2 statistics, cluster II has 8 varieties and cluster I having 5 varieties while rest clusters were monogenotypic. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and V followed by cluster III and V, cluster I and V and cluster II and IV. Maximum contribution in the manifestation of genetic divergence was exhibited by cane yield followed by CCS per cent at harvest. Four varieties viz. BO154, CoP092, CoX07067 and BO155 were identified as water-logging tolerant varieties coupled with high to moderate sucrose on the basis of CCS (t/ha) and morphological appearance of plant at the time of harvest.