Development of Thematic Soil Maps of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa Farm through Geo-informatics Technology
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Date
2015
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Rajendra Agriculrural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
A study for the ‘Development of Thematic Soil Maps of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa Farm through Geo-informatics Technology’ was carried out during 2014-2015. The study area lies between 250 58’54” N to 25º 59’ 28.91’’ N latitude and 850 40’25” E to 85º 41’ 27.88’’ E longitude by the side of Burhi Gandak river in Samastipur district under the North-West alluvial plain (Agro-climatic Zone-I of Bihar). 149 Samples were collected on grid basis with coordinates through GPS and thematic soil maps were prepared using TNTmips (2010) GIS software.
The thematic soil maps clearly revealed the distribution of different physico-chemical characteristics and available nutrients status which were assigned appropriate classes - low, medium and high or sufficient /deficient. The maximum spatial distribution of soil texture was loamy sand (40.52%), bulk density 1.45 to 1.5 Mg m-3 (80.86%), clay content 15 to 20% (51.11%), soil pH 8.0 to 8.5 (41.84%), soil EC 0.5 to 1 dS m-1 (49.31%), organic carbon 0.50 to 0.75% (60.43%), mineralizable soil nitrogen < 250 kg ha-1 ( 86.27%) , available phosphorus 25 to 50 kg ha-1 (71.06%), potassium 125 to 300 kg ha-1 (87.71%), DTPA extractable Cu > 0.6 mg kg-1 (99.98%), DTPA extractable Mn > 3.5 mg kg-1 (99.96%), DTPA extractable Fe > 7 mg kg-1 (99.6%), DTPA extractable Zn < 0.78 mg kg-1 (66.86%), hot water extractable soil boron < 0.3 mg kg-1 (78.07 %), available sulphur < 13 mg kg-1 (80.48%) and Free CaCO3 20-30% (55.2 %).
Under multi major nutrient deficient soils, low in nitrogen and potassium were in 36.74% area and low phosphorus and potassium were in 19.78% area. In multi micro nutrient deficient soils, Zn and B were deficient only in 3.24% area and at least one micronutrient deficient area was 95.98%. Nutrient Index calculated for the major nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 1.416, 1.893 and 1.678, respectively. Productivity Index (PI) estimated on the basis of soil texture available N, P2O5 and K2O showed spatial distribution of 90.27 % area with low PI, 9.57% area with medium PI and 0.15 % with high PI.
The clay content showed significant correlation with available N, K and Cu while it was highly significant with available S and Fe. However, it had a significantly negative correlation with available B and Mn. The pH showed significant correlation with available K and Cu and highly significant correlation with available S, Fe, and Mn. EC showed highly significant correlation with available B and negatively correlated with available S whereas highly negatively correlated with available N. The organic carbon content showed significant correlation with P and highly significant correlation with available N, Fe and Cu. The free CaCo3 showed a negative correlation with available N and Mn. Available Zn had no correlation with any of the soil properties.