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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20221
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Author: MAURYA, SHUBHAM × End date: 2024 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed Gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) MAURYA, SHUBHAM; Prasad, K.
    The present study entitled “Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed Gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage” was carried using 12-pointed gourd crop of the genotypes/varieties namely „PGS-1‟, „PGS-2‟, „PGS-3‟, „PGS-5‟, „PGS-11‟, „PGS-12‟, „PGS-13‟, „Swarna Alaukik‟, „Swarna Rekha‟, „Swarna Suruchi‟, „Kashi Alankar‟, „Kashi Suphal‟ cultivated during the Zaid season of 2021–2022 at research laboratory of TCA, Dholi, Botany Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Research Centre on Litchi, Bihar. Pointed gourd considered as the „King of gourd‟ in India. There are 42 species found in Indo-malayan region and 22 are found in India. Among the several species of Trichosanthes but the Trichosanthes dioica bears commercial value. Several cultivars (genotypes) have been developed by the horticulturists and few varieties (genotypes) are added every year. However, there is lack of postharvest research on biochemical/nutritional profiling and phytochemical changes during storage which is yet to be attempted in the genotypes. Hence, present study was conducted with two objectives, these were in objective I divided into two experiments, in experiment No - I, 12 different genotypes were assessed for physical, physiological, quality, functional Name of Student : SHUBHAM MAURYA Registration Number : M/HORT. (VS)/489/2020-21 Major Advisor : Dr. K. Prasad Degree to be Awarded : Master of Science in Agriculture (Horticulture) Vegetable Science Department : Horticulture Major Subject : Vegetable Science Minor Subject : Plant Breeding and Genetics Year : 2021-22 Title of Thesis : Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage University : Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 Total Pages of Thesis : 86 + Bibliography (i-vii) and enzymatic activities, and in the experiment II, 12 genotypes were assessed for iochemical and enzymatic activities changes during storage at am ient storage condition 25 4 C and 65 5% RH). Under the objective II, the suitability of genotypes for sweet and dehydrated product making from the selected genotypes was explored. In context of first objective for the nutritional characterisation of selected pointed gourd genotypes, fruits of 12 genotypes were manually harvested, washed and stored, recordings were taken on various postharvest attributes. Our results revealed that the selected genotypes varied significantly for the studied attributes such as physical, physiological, quality, functional, enzymatic and minerals content. In context to physical parameters. Among the selected 12 genotypes fruit length (10.17 cm), width (3.53 cm) and weight (32.78 g) was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. Fruit firmness was the highest in „PGS-2‟ 13.20 N). The physiological activity i.e., respiration rate was the highest in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 54 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1). Among the biochemical attributes, the highest total soluble solids were the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 3.50 ºB). The titrata le acidity 0.60 %), ascorbic acid (29.50 mg 100g-1), dietary fibre (5.20 mg 100 g-1), was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. The total sugars content was the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 1.70 %). The total phenolic content (117.40 μg GAE g-1), total flavonoids content (1.08 mg 100 g-1), chlorophyll „a‟ 0.299 mg 100 g-1) and chlorophyll „ ‟ 0.144 mg 100 g-1) was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. Furthermore, the total carotenoids content was the maximum in „Swarna Alauik‟ 0.016 mg 100 g-1). The maximum values of DPPH free radical scavenging activity and were the observed in „PGS-11‟ 58.23 μmol TE g-1). The genotype „PGS-2‟ exhi ited highest polygalactouronsae 40.33 μg galactouronic acid g-1 h-1 FW) and pectin methylesterase activity (0.07 μmol min-1 g-1 FW). However, the LOX activity was the maximum in „PGS-12‟ 0.003 μmol min-1 ml-1). Among the studied mineral content of genotypes, phosphorus content was the maximum in „Kashi Suphal‟ 42 mg 100 g-1) while the potassium content was the maximum in „Swarna Suruchi‟ 86 mg 100 g-1). Under experiment II of the first objective, where the quality changes during storage of selected genotypes, in context to physical attribute, physiological attribute, irrespective of storage days, the fruit firmness was the highest in „PGS-2‟ 10.84 N). Irrespective of storage day, the PLW was the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 16.27 %). The highest respiration rate was exhi ited y „Swarna Alaukik‟ 71.00 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1). The total solu le solids content was the highest in „Swarna Alaukik‟ (4.09 B). The total phenolic content was the maximum in „Swarna Suruchi‟ 97.85 μg GAE g-1), the highest titratable acidity (0.56 %), the total flavonoid content (0.92 mg 100 g-1), the chlorophyll „a‟ content 0.275 mg 100 g-1), the chlorophyll „ ‟ content (0.122 mg 100 g-1), was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. The highest ascor ic acidity was recorded in „PGS-11‟ 28.07 mg 100 g-1). The total sugar (1.89 %), the carotenoid content (0.036 mg 100 g-1) was the maximum in „Swarna Alauik‟ and the DPPH free radical scavenging activity content was highest in „PGS-11‟ 33.53 μmol trolox g-1). In context of enzymatic activity, the highest polygalactouronsae activity was observed in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 45.66 μg galactouronicacid g-1 h-1 FW). The highest pectin methylestearase activity was observed in „PGS-2‟ 0.16 μmol min-1 g-1 FW). The highest LOX activity „Kashi Suphal‟ 0.003256 μmol min-1 ml-1). In context of second objective product making, the genotypes, „Swarna Alaukik‟, „PGS-1‟, „PGS- 13‟ and „Kashi Suphal‟ displayed greatest suitability for pointed gourd sweet and „PGS-3‟, „Swarna Rekha‟, „Swarna Suruchi‟ and „PGS-11‟ were highly suitable for dehydrated pointed gourd.