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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20221
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Kumar, A. Ravi × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-molecular characterization of three line Rice Hybrids
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) Kumar, A. Ravi; Kant, Ravi
    The current investigation on “Morpho- molecular characterization of threeline rice hybrids” was carried out with 31 three-line rice hybrids and 3 commercial checks. Objectives of the experiment were to assess the agro-morphological attributes and production potential of three-line rice hybrids, molecular marker-based characterization of promising three lines rice hybrid. The experiment was conducted Hybrid Rice plot of TCA, Dholi, Muzaffarpur and Molecular investigation was done at Molecular laboratory, Post graduate Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar, India. The experimental design adopted was Randomized Complete Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The observation for 18 quantitative attributes i.e. plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, panicle length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, culm diameter, kernel length, kernel width, root volume, root fresh weight, root dry weight, days to maturity, spikelet fertility, test weight and grain yield per plant were recorded for estimation of various parameters like genetic variability, phenotypic correlation coefficient, path analysis and estimation of standard heterosis for yield. Molecular characterization was undertaken for estimation of diversity and as confirmation test of F1 hybrid genotypes with their respective parental lines. The results of the analysis of variance showed that all character genotypes differed significantly. The results of the analysis of variance showed that all character genotypes differed significantly. Among the checks the variety the Rajendra Sweta performed best for the grain yield per plant. Two rice hybrid genotypes namely IR68897A × KMR-3R and Rajendra-3A × RRR–4 was exhibited superior standard heterosis over all three checks for trait grain yield per plant. Five rice hybrid genotypes namely Rajendra-1A × RRR–4, Rajendra-3A × DR714 -1-2, Rajendra-3A × MSN- 36 R, IR - 58025A × MSN - 36R and CMR 32A × RRR – 2 also exhibited superior standard heterosis for yield over two checks Rajendra Bhagwati and Arize gold 6444. Plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, leaf length, leaf area, kernel length, kernel width, root fresh weight, root dry weight, spikelet fertility, test weight, showed positive significant correlation with grain yield per plant. Hence, selection for any one of these characters would ultimately bring improvement of grain yield. No. of tillers per plant, plant height, root fresh weight, leaf length, no. of panicles per plant, leaf width, kernel length, root volume revealed a significant direct impact on grain yield per plant. Therefore, making a selection based on these traits would increase grain output. In terms of standard heterosis for yield, IR68897A×KMR-3R, Rajendra- 3A×RRR-4 are shown positively superior for yield over three checks followed by Rajendra - 1A × RRR – 4, R Rajendra - 3A × DR714 - 1- 2, Rajendra - 3A × MSN- 36 R, IR - 58025A × MSN - 36R, CMR 32A × RRR – 2 have shown positively superior for yield over two checks Rajendra Bhagwati and Arize gold 6444, remaining hybrids sown superiority over one check for yield. By utilising 12 primer pairs, a total of 33 shared alleles and 13 unique alleles were produced as amplified products. Allele diversity and frequency among the rice parental genotypes ranged from 0.00 in RM 416, RM 431 and RM 558 to 0.84 on MRG 2894, according to the PIC values. The range of alleles per locus was between one in primer pair RM-416, RM- 431, RM-558 to seven in primer pair MRG-2894 and six in primer pair RM-520, RM- 538, RM-515 & five in primer pair RM-555, four in primer pair RM-276 and three in primer pair RM-252, RM-319, RM-321. All primers pairs were generated both unique and shared alleles except RM- 319, RM-416, RM-431 and RM-558 are generated only shared alleles without any unique alleles. The magnitude dice similarity coefficient between RAJ-3A and IR 68897A was found to be maximum (0.917) whereas it was minimum for IR 58025A and RRR- 1, RRR-5, DR-714-1-2 (0.240). The dendrogram makes it quite evident that the entries were essentially split into five clusters. Cluster B had maximum (4) genotypes followed by cluster C, D and E (2) genotypes, cluster A is mono-genotypic. Among 12 primers seven primers found to be comparatively informative for all nineteen hybrids and eleven parents. Only five primers namely MRG2894, RM515, RM 520, RM 538 and RM 555 were able to confirm the F1 with respective parental lines.