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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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2018 - 20194
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Subject: Agronomy × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of crop establishment methods, nutrient and weed management on hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, 2019) Singh, Abhinandan; Pandey, I.B.
    A field experiment was carried out during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018 at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi a campus of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar to study the effect of crop establishment methods and nutrient levels on hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different weed management practices. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three crop establishment methods viz. puddled transplanting, unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice and three nutrient levels viz. 75% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizer), 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha) and 125% RDF were kept in main plot and four weed management practices viz. weedy check, hand weeding twice (20 and 40 DAS/T), bispyribac-sodium 20 g/ha + pyrozosulfuron 20 g/ha at 20 DAS/T, and brown manuring in sub plot. All the treatments received recommended dose of phosphorus and potassium as basal dressing. Nitrogen was applied in three splits i.e. 1/2nd as basal, 1/3rd at the active tillering stage and rest 1/3rd at panicle initiation stage. The crop was sown in rows 20 cm apart using the seed rate of 15 kg/ha for transplanted rice and 25 kg/ha for dry direct seeded rice. The soil of the experimentation plot was sandy loam in texture and low in OC, available Nitrogen, Potassium and medium Phosphorus. The data on various growth characters, yield attributes, nutrient uptake weed dynamics, weed control efficiency and economics were collected and analyzed. Puddled transplanting significantly enhanced plant height, dry matter production, crop growth rate, leaf area index, root volume and root dry weight were recorded when crop was sown with puddled transplanting than unpuddled transpalnting and dry direct seeded rice. However, maximum root length was recorded in dry direct seeded rice which was significantly higher over unpuddled and puddled transplanting. Similarly, puddled transplanting also produced maximum number of tillers/m2, number of panicles/m2, panicle length, number of grain/panicle, number of filled grain/panicle and test weight which was significantly higher over unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice. The result indicated that puddled transplanting produced significantly higher grain yield (56.71 and 58.47 q/ha), straw yield (80.10 and 81.24 q/ha), harvest index (41.43 and 41.80) and grain: straw ratio (0.708 and 0.719) than unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of summer legumes on growth and yield of succeeding direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different nitrogen levels
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2018) Choubey, Anup Kumar; Sinha, K. K.
    A field experiment was carried out during the two consecutive kharif season of 2014 and 2015 at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar to study the effect of summer legumes on growth and yield of succeeding direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different nitrogen levels. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three summer legumes viz. dhaincha, mungbean, urdbean and summer fallow was kept in main plot and four nitrogen levels viz. 0% RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen), 50% RDN, 100% RDN and 150% RDN in sub-plot. All the treatments received an uniform application of 60 kg P2O5, 40 kg K2O and 25 kg ZnSO4 per hectare as basal dressing. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits i.e. 1/3rd as basal, 1/3rd at the active tillering stage and rest 1/3rd at panicle initiation stage. The crop was sown in rows 20 cm apart using the seed rate of 30 kg/ha. The soil of the experimentation plot was sandy loam in texture and low in OC, available Nitrogen, Potassium and medium Phosphorus. Rice crop sown after incorporation of summer legumes significantly influenced the growth, yield attributes and yield during both the years. Significantly higher plant height (85.15 & 86.03 cm), number of tillers (291.25 and 302.50 m-2), dry matter production (872.19 and 891.36 g m-2) and leaf area index (4.00 and 4.14) were recorded when crop was sown after incorporation of dhaincha than summer fallow. Rice crop was sown after incorporation of dhaincha recorded maximum number of panicles (275.00 and 285.12 m-2), panicle length, number of spikelets/panicle, number of fertile spikelets/panicle being at par with preceding mungbean and both recorded significantly higher value over summer fallow. The crop sown after incorporation of dhaincha produced significantly higher grain yield (38.74 & 39.59 q ha-1) than mungbean, urdbean and summer fallow. Nutrient uptake, net return (`32813 & 38960 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.10 & 1.36) of rice were also highest in dhaincha incorporated plot which was significantly higher over mungbean, urdbean and summer fallow. Similarly, incorporation of mungbean and urdbean statistically at par in respect to yield indices, grain yield, net return and B: C ratio and both recorded significantly higher values than summer fallow. Application of 100% RDN in dhaincha incorporated plot recorded significantly higher grain yield, net return and B: C ratio than the application of 150% RDN in rice followed by urdbean and summer fallow. Application of 150 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen registered maximum plant height (87.90 and 88.88 cm), number of tillers (309.58 and 318.33 m-2), dry matter production (877.78 and 896.95 g m-2) and leaf area index (4.20 and 4.37) which was statistically at par with 100% RDN and booth significantly scored over 50% RDN and control. The maximum yield attributing parameters, grain yield (40.07 & 41.46 q ha-1), net return (` 34259 & 39880 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.12 & 1.35) were also recorded at 150% RDN which was found at par with 100% RDN and both significantly scored over lower levels of nitrogen. The N, P and K uptake by rice increased significantly with increasing levels of nitrogen and recorded significantly higher uptake at 150% RDN than lower levels of nitrogen.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Integrated nutrient and weed management on growth, yield and quality of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2018) Kumari, Pooja; Roy, D. K.
    A field experiment entitled “Integrated nutrient and weed management on growth, yield and quality of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was carried out at Crop Research Centre of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar (India) during kharif seasons of 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient and weed management practices on growth, yield, weed dynamics, quality and economics of aromatic rice. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam with alkaline reaction, normal EC, low organic carbon, available Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with three replications. The two factors under study comprised of integrated nutrient management in Main plots i.e. N0-Control, N1-50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost, N2-75% RDN through inorganic source + 25% RDN through vermicompost and N3-100% RDN through inorganic source and integrated weed management in Sub-plots consists of W1 – Pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + Bispyribac sodium 20 g/ha at 20 DAT, W2 – Pretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + 1 HW at 20 DAT, W3 - Weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) and W4-Weedy check. The rice variety used was Rajendra Bhagawati and recommended fertilizer dose was 120-60-40 kg/ha N-P-K, respectively. Other crop management practices were performed as per standard package of practices. Growth parameters viz. plant height, number of tillers, dry matter production and crop growth rate were recorded at different crop growth stages. Likewise, yield and yield attributes (number of panicles/m2, panicle length, No. of grains /panicle, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index) were recorded at harvest. Weed parameters (weed population/m2, weed dry weight, weed control efficiency and weed index), physico- chemical properties (initial and post-harvest Soil pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P and K in soil, N, P, K and Zn content and uptake by crop and weeds), various qualitative indices viz. protein content, hulling %, milling %, head rice recovery, kernel length, kernel breadth and shape index before and after cooking, kernel elongation ratio, kernel elongation index, volume elongation ratio and economics (cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns and Benefit-Cost ratio) were also worked out. The data on various aspects in this study on response of rice to different integrated nutrient and weed management practices were analyzed through standard statistical methods and logical conclusions were drawn. Among different nutrient and weed management practices, higher growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake by crop and lowest weed parameters except weed control efficiencywere found in 50 % RDN through inorganic + 50% RDN through vermicompost in integrated nutrient management and weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) under integrated weed management practices . No significant variation was observed with different nutrient and weed management practices in case of crop growth rate at harvest, length of panicle, test weight, harvest index, nutrient content in crop & weeds and quality parameters of crop during both the years of study and in pooled mean. The highest gross returns was found in 50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost in integrated nutrient management and in weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT) under integrated weed management practices. However, the highest net returns and B: C ratio was found in 100% RDN through inorganic source which was statistically at par with 75 % RDN through inorganic source + 25 % RDN through vermicompost only and was found significantly superior over 50% RDN through inorganic source + 50% RDN through vermicompost and control in integrated nutrient management and under integrated weed management practices,the highest net returns and B: C ratio was found inPretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + Bispyribac sodium 20 g/ha at 20 DAT which was statistically at par withPretilachlor 1.5 kg/ha (P.E.) + 1 HW at 20 DAT and weed free (2 HW at 20 & 40 DAT).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of planting density and nutrient management on performance of hybrid maize genotypes under maize-wheat cropping system
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2018) Yadav, Shashidhar; Kumar, Mritunjay
    An investigation entitled “Effect of planting density and nutrient management on performance of hybrid maize genotypes under maize-wheat cropping system” was carried out during 2015-16 and 2016-17 at experimental farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi (Muzaffarpur), a campus of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. The experiment involving genotypes in main plot, density in sub plot and nutrient management in sub-sub plot, was carried out in split-split plot design. Treatments were replicated thrice with maize hybrid genotypes Pioneer 3540 and Rasi 4595, density 50X20 cm and 60X20 cm as well as nutrient management RDF, STCR and SSNM. In rabi, wheat variety K 307was grown in each plot with application of only recommended dose of fertilizer(N,P2O5 and K2O 120,60 and 40 kg/ha) to assess the residual response of maize hybrid genotypes, density and nutrient management. The results revealed that growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves, dry matter accumulation, yield attributes like length of cob, cob weight, number of grains/cob, weight of grains/cob and grain yield (5.38 tons/ha) were found to be maximum under Pioneer 3540 genotype and were significantly superior over (5.05 tons/ha) of Rasi 4595 genotype. Leaf area index, Days to 50% tasselling and silking, number of cobs/plant, girth of cob, test weight and stover yield were not influenced by genotypes of hybrid maize. Gross return, net return and B: C ratio (Rs 103496, 69583/ha and 2.35) respectively, were recorded to be significantly higher in Pioneer 3540 genotype of hybrid maize, which was significantly superior over (Rs 95489, 64705/ha and 2.19) respectively, genotype Rasi 4595. Density influenced significantly on the growth, yield attributes and yield of maize in both the years of maize. Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and yield attributes like length of cob, girth of cob, cob weight, number of grains/cob, weight of grains/cob, test weight and grain yield (5.33 tons/ha) were found maximum under 60X20 cm plant density and were significantly superior over (5.10 tons/ha) 50X20 cm plant density.N, P and Kcontent and their uptake were found higher under 60X20 cm plant density,which was significantly superior over 50X20 cm plant density. Significantly higher net return (Rs 68194/ha) and B:C ratio (2.34) were recordedunder 60X20 cm plant density,which was significantly superior over (Rs 66094/ha) and (2.19) under 50X20 cm plant density. Nutrient management had significant effect on the growth, yield attributes and yield of maize in both the years of experimentation. Growth parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, yield attributes like length of cob, girth of cob, cob weight, number of grains/cob, weight of grains/cob, test weight and grain yield (5.63 tons/ha) were found maximum under STCR nutrient management and were significantly superior over SSNM as well as N, P and Kcontent and their uptake were found higher under STCR, which was significantly superior over (5.12 tons/ha) SSNM. Significantly higher B:C ratio (2.32) of maize achieved with SSNM, which was statistically at par with (2.26) RDF during both the years of experimentation. The residual effect of genotypes and density did not show significant influence on growth and yield of wheat during both the years of experimentation. Nutrient management had slightly significant effect on the yield of wheat during second year of experimentation. The effect of genotypes and density did not show significant influence on system productivity during both the years of experimentation. Nutrient management had significant effect on the system productivity however, maximum system productivity (10.27 tons/ha) was recorded in STCR.