Effect of crop establishment methods, nutrient and weed management on hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2019
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DRPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018 at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi a campus of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar to study the effect of crop establishment methods and nutrient levels on hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different weed management practices. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three crop establishment methods viz. puddled transplanting, unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice and three nutrient levels viz. 75% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizer), 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha) and 125% RDF were kept in main plot and four weed management practices viz. weedy check, hand weeding twice (20 and 40 DAS/T), bispyribac-sodium 20 g/ha + pyrozosulfuron 20 g/ha at 20 DAS/T, and brown manuring in sub plot. All the treatments received recommended dose of phosphorus and potassium as basal dressing. Nitrogen was applied in three splits i.e. 1/2nd as basal, 1/3rd at the active tillering stage and rest 1/3rd at panicle initiation stage. The crop was sown in rows 20 cm apart using the seed rate of 15 kg/ha for transplanted rice and 25 kg/ha for dry direct seeded rice. The soil of the experimentation plot was sandy loam in texture and low in OC, available Nitrogen, Potassium and medium Phosphorus. The data on various growth characters, yield attributes, nutrient uptake weed dynamics, weed control efficiency and economics were collected and analyzed. Puddled transplanting significantly enhanced plant height, dry matter production, crop growth rate, leaf area index, root volume and root dry weight were recorded when crop was sown with puddled transplanting than unpuddled transpalnting and dry direct seeded rice. However, maximum root length was recorded in dry direct seeded rice which was significantly higher over unpuddled and puddled transplanting. Similarly, puddled transplanting also produced maximum number of tillers/m2, number of panicles/m2, panicle length, number of grain/panicle, number of filled grain/panicle and test weight which was significantly higher over unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice. The result indicated that puddled transplanting produced significantly higher grain yield (56.71 and 58.47 q/ha), straw yield (80.10 and 81.24 q/ha), harvest index (41.43 and 41.80) and grain: straw ratio (0.708 and 0.719) than unpuddled transplanting and dry direct seeded rice.
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