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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20201
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Dileep, Bhutekar Satish × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of water logging period at different crop growth stages on growth and yield of kharif maize
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Dileep, Bhutekar Satish; Kumar, Rajan
    The entitled experiment “Effect of water logging period on different growth stages of kharif maize” was conducted in student research farm at Dr. RPCAU, Pusa (Bihar). The experiment was laid in split plot design with three main plot treatments were crop growth stages and four sub-plot treatments were water logging period. The main plot treatments were 1) water logging at seedling stage, 2) water logging at knee high stage and 3) water logging at 50% tasseling stage and sub-plot treatments were 1) 6-hour water logging, 2) 12-hour water logging, 3) 18-hour water logging and 4) 24-hour water logging with three replication of each treatments. Water logging at different growth period and water logging period significantly affected the growth parameters, yield attributes, yields and economics of kharif maize. The growth parameters like plant height, dry matter production (g/plant) and crop growth stage (g/m2/day) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS and at harvest and LAI at 30 and 60 DAS were significantly affected by water logging at different growth stages. Water logging at seedling stage significantly decreased the all growth parameter as compared to 50% tasseling stage. Similarly, water logging period also significantly affected the plant height, dry matter production (g/plant) and crop growth stage (g/m2/day) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS and at harvest and LAI at 30 and 60 DAS. 24-hour water logging and 18- hour water logging were statistically at par in relevance to growth parameters while, significantly reduced the growth parameters as compared to 6-hour water logging period. Yield attributes like number of cobs per plant, number of grains per cob, con length, cob girth and test weight of kharif maize was significantly affected by water logging. Seedling stage water logging significantly reduced the yield attributes as compared to knee-high stage water logging and 50% tasselling stage water logging. Similarly, increased water logging period significantly reduced the yield attributes. Minimum number of cobs per plant, number of grains per cob, con length, cob girth and test weight were observed under 24-hour water logging period which were statistically at par with 18-hour water logging period as compared to 6-hour and 12-hour water logging period. Grain yield, stover yield and stone yield were significantly reduced by water logging of kharif maize. Water logging at seedling stage significantly reduced the grain yield, stover yield and stone yield followed by water logging at knee-high stage as compared to water logging at 50% tasselling stage. Minimum grain yield, stover yield and stone yield (44.62, 59.20 and 12.69 q/ha) was recorded under water logging at seedling stage as compared to water logging % tasseling stage (54.04, 74.80 and 16.03 q/ha). Similarly, 24-hour and 18-hour water logging duration significantly reduced the grain yield, stover yield and stone yield (41.32, 58.38 and 12.72 q/ha) as compared to 6-hour water logging period (56.36, 75.13 and 16.12 q/ha). Harvest index of kharif maize was not affected by water logging at different stages and water logging period. The economics like gross return, net return and B:C ratio also significantly reduced by water logging. Minimum gross return, net return and B:C ratio (84444, 41209 `/ha and 0.95) were recorded under water logging at seedling stage compared to water logging at 50% tasselling stage (102581, 57474 `/ha and 1.27). Across the water logging period 24-hour water logging obtained minimum values of gross return, net return and B:C ratio (78555, 34696 `/ha and 0.79) fb 18-hour (90425, 46566 `/ha and 1.06) as compared to 6-hour water logging period (106715, 62856 `/ha and 1.43). Water use efficiency of kharif maize was affected significantly by water logging.