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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20201
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Bhaumik, Gouri Sankar × End date: 2022 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of weed management practices on growth, yield, weed dynamics and economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Bhaumik, Gouri Sankar; Singh, R. S.
    A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2019 at Research Farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi (Muzaffarpur) to study the “Effect of weed management practices in growth, yield, weed dynamics and economics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with eight treatments and replicated thrice. The treatment comprised : T1-Weedy check, T2-Hand weeding at 30 DAS, T3-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000g/ha, T4-Post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50g/ha at 25 DAS, T5-Post-emergence application of imazethapyr @67.5 g/ha at 25 DAS, T6-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS, T7-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000g/ha + post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50 g/ha at 25 DAS, T8-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + post-emergence application of imazethapyr @67.5 g/ha at 25 DAS. The soil of experimental plot was calcareous and sandy loam in nature. The agronomically popular sesame variety Krishna was done sowing on 6th July 2019 and harvested on 22nd October 2019. Weed management practices had significant effect on growth and yields parameters of sesame crop. The weed management practices showed their effectiveness in increasing in growth and yield attributing characters viz., plant height, dry matter production, crop growth rate, number of capsules/plant, length of capsules, number of seeds/capsule, 1000-seed weight. Significantly higher plant height was observed under pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7). The dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate was significantly higher under pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) at 60 DAS, 90 DAS and at harvest, but both the parameters were found non-significant at 30 DAS. Number of capsule/plant was significantly influenced by different weed management practices. However, length of capsules, number of seeds/capsule and 1000-seed weight were not significantly influenced by weed management practices. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS recorded significantly higher grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. Among the weed management practices, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) resulted significantly lower number of weed count, weed dry weight, weed growth rate and higher weed control efficiency than the other weed management practices. However, lower weed index was associated with the treatment of hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2), combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) and highest by weedy check (T7) in ascending order. Among the different weed management practices, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) recorded significantly higher gross return than other treatments but was found equally good with hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2) and combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) but significant higher net return was worked out in combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) and was found equally good with one hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2). However, benefit : cost ratio was significantly superior in the treatment of combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) than all other weed management practices.