Effect of weed management practices on growth, yield, weed dynamics and economics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
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Date
2020
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DRPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2019 at Research Farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi (Muzaffarpur) to study the “Effect of weed management practices in growth, yield, weed dynamics and economics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)”. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with eight treatments and replicated thrice. The treatment comprised : T1-Weedy check, T2-Hand weeding at 30 DAS, T3-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000g/ha, T4-Post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50g/ha at 25 DAS, T5-Post-emergence application of imazethapyr @67.5 g/ha at 25 DAS, T6-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS, T7-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000g/ha + post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50 g/ha at 25 DAS, T8-Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + post-emergence application of imazethapyr @67.5 g/ha at 25 DAS.
The soil of experimental plot was calcareous and sandy loam in nature. The agronomically popular sesame variety Krishna was done sowing on 6th July 2019 and harvested on 22nd October 2019.
Weed management practices had significant effect on growth and yields parameters of sesame crop. The weed management practices showed their effectiveness in increasing in growth and yield attributing characters viz., plant height, dry matter production, crop growth rate, number of capsules/plant, length of capsules, number of seeds/capsule, 1000-seed weight.
Significantly higher plant height was observed under pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7). The dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate was significantly higher under pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) at 60 DAS, 90 DAS and at harvest, but both the parameters were found non-significant at 30 DAS.
Number of capsule/plant was significantly influenced by different weed management practices. However, length of capsules, number of seeds/capsule and 1000-seed weight were not significantly influenced by weed management practices. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS recorded significantly higher grain yield, straw yield and harvest index.
Among the weed management practices, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) resulted significantly lower number of weed count, weed dry weight, weed growth rate and higher weed control efficiency than the other weed management practices. However, lower weed index was associated with the treatment of hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2), combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) and highest by weedy check (T7) in ascending order.
Among the different weed management practices, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @1000 g/ha + hand weeding at 30 DAS (T6) recorded significantly higher gross return than other treatments but was found equally good with hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2) and combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) but significant higher net return was worked out in combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) and was found equally good with one hand weeding at 30 DAS (T2). However, benefit : cost ratio was significantly superior in the treatment of combined application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha as pre-emergence followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g/ha at 25 DAS (T7) than all other weed management practices.