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Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Dist. - Nadia, West Bengal PIN - 741 252
The university established in 1974, has completed five decades of its existence as the pioneer institute of Agricultural Education, Research and Extension. The main objective of this Viswavidyalaya is to provide facilities for the study of Agriculture, Horticulture and Agricultural Engineering. It is also to conduct researches in these sciences and undertake the educational and extension programmes in agriculture among the rural clientele base, keeping in view the requirements of the state.
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ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF CROP ESTABLISHMENT METHOD, NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND STUBBLE HEIGHT OF HYBRID RICE ON RICE – LENTIL CROPPING SEQUENCE(Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia – 741252, 2023-12-22) Sana Megha; Dr. Sukanta PalA 2-year study on “Impact of crop establishment methods, nutrient management and stubble height of hybrid rice on rice-lentil cropping sequence” was undertaken at RRSS, BCKV, Chakdaha in kharif and rabi seasons of 2020-21 and 2021- 22. The experimental soil was sandy clay loam in texture with neutral pH (7.1, 7.2), medium OC (0.680 and 0.681%), low available N (261.5 and 263.7 kg ha-1) and medium available P2O5 (16.30 and 17.20 kg ha-1) and medium available K2O (130.0 and 134.0 kg ha-1). The field layout plan was done as per strip-strip plot design with 24 treatment combinations and three replications. The treatments represent 3 factors: the main plot factors namely two different crop establishment methods [transplanted rice (TPR) and direct seeded rice (DSR)], the sub-plot factors namely six nutrient doses [Farmers fertilizer practice (60 kg N, 30 kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O per hectare), 100% RDF (80 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 40 K2O per hectare), 150% RDF (120 kg N, 60 kg P2O5 and 60 K2O per hectare), 75% RDN + 25% N via Municipal compost + Azospirillum @ 2 kg ha-1, 50% RDN + 50% N via Municipal compost + Azospirillum @ 2 kg/ha, SSNM based on Nutrient Expert® (i.e. 91-42-48 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1)], two different stubble length (15 cm and 25 cm) was in sub sub-plots. There were 72 total plots with a 12 m2 each plot size. The results of the present experiment indicate that different crop establishment methods have profound impact on growth and yield of hybrid rice. During both kharif seasons, growth attributes of hybrid rice, for all the dates of observation were found to be higher in transplanted crop than that of, direct seeded crop. Transplanted crops recorded highest plant height (114.21cm and 114.30cm at 90 DAT), number of tillers m-2 (431.40 and 446.64 at 90 DAT), LAI (4.45 and 4.54 at 60 DAT), above ground biomass (1089.1g m-2 and 1096.5g m-2 at harvest), CGR (17.95 g m-2 day-1 and 17.64 g m-2 day-1 during 31- 60 DAT), third leaf nitrogen concentration (2.43% and 2.47% at 60 DAT), root length (24.62cm and 24.67cm at 90cm DAT) and root dry weight (261.5 g m-2 and 269.8 g m-2 at 90 DAT) in both kharif seasons, respectively. Among the nutrient levels, during both years for all dates of observation, treatment receiving 150% RDF performed best with respect to growth attributes of hybrid rice, closely followed by Nutrient Expert® treatment; And both the treatments (F6) were statistically at par among themselves. Application of 150% RDN recorded highest plant height (119.32cm and 123.22cm at 90 DAT), number of tillers m-2 (469.1 and 492.3 at 90 DAT), LAI (4.78 and 5.16 at 60 DAT), above-ground biomass (1044.8g m-2 and 11058.3g m-2 at harvest), third leaf N concentration (2.72% and 2.77% at 60 DAT), root length (24.74cm and 24.82cm at 90 DAT) and root dry weight (270.4 g m-2 and 281.7 g m-2 at 90 DAT) in both the years, respectively. Application of 50% RDN + 50% N through municipal compost + Azospirillum (F5 treatment) produced plants with highest CGR (18.53 g m-2 day-1 and 18.72 g m-2 day-1 in kharif 2020 and 2021 respectively). With respect to different CEM and nutrient management treatments, yield attributes of hybrid rice followed a similar trend as that of growth attributes for both the years. Transplanted crops produced higher number of panicle m-2 (250 and 253), number of filled grains per panicle (105 and 109), panicle length (28.74cm and 27.42cm), panicle weight (3.51 g and 3.65 g), 1000-grain weight (22.24 g and 22.23 g), grain (6.34 t ha-1 and 6.36t ha-1), straw (6.25 t ha-1 and 6.40 t ha-1) yield and HI (50.34% and 49.95%) in kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively than that of direct seeded crops. Treatment consisted of 150% RDN performed best with regard to effective number of panicle m-2 (259 and 263), number of filled grains per panicle (120 and 123), panicle length (28.98 cm and 28.32 cm), panicle weight (3.64 g and 3.91g), test weight (22.29 g and 22.53 g), grain (7.16 t ha-1 and 7.15t ha-1), straw (7.33 t ha-1 and 7.46 t ha-1) yield and HI (49.25% and 49.29%) in kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively. Hybrid rice in FFP treated plots had lowest values for all measured parameters. The content and N uptake (1.206%, 1.229% and 77.35 kg ha-1, 78.81 kg ha-1), P content and P uptake (0.302%, 0.311% and 19.57 kg ha-1, 20.19 kg ha-1) and K content and K uptake (0.360%, 0.366% and 23.06 kg ha-1, 23.57 kg ha-1) of rice grains was found to be highest in transplanted crops during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively. Irrespective of CEM, application of 150% RDN (F3 treatment) showed highest N content and N uptake (1.225%, 1.268% and 88.18 kg ha-1, 91.35 kg ha-1), P content and P uptake (0.339%, 0.347% and 24.48 kg ha-1, 25.08 kg ha-1) and K content and K uptake (0.384%, 0.402% and 27.68 kg ha-1, 28.73 kg ha-1) of rice grains in kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively. Significantly higher crude protein content in hybrid rice grain (7.538% and 7.683%), hulling percentage (76.23% and 77.15%) and milling percentage (71.04% and 71.15%) were obtained in transplanted crop during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively. Irrespective of CEM, application of 150% RDN (F3 treatment) produced grains with highest crude protein content (7.658% and 7.924%), hulling % (76.37% and 77.59%) and milling % (70.25% and 70.34%) in kharif 2020 and 2021, respectively. At the end of both the kharif seasons, the under different CEMs soil organic carbon content (SOC) in 0-15 cm soil depth remained unaltered. The available N (378.74 kg ha-1 and 278.54 kg ha-1), P2O5 (26.34 kg ha-1 and 37.01 kg ha-1) and K2O (176.26 kg ha-1 and 175.65 kg ha-1) in soil was found to be the highest in direct seeded rice plots in kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respectively. Irrespective of CEMs, application of 50% RDN + 50% N through municipal compost + Azospirillum (F5 treatment) led to higher content of organic carbon (0.65% and 0.67%), N (388.44 kg ha-1 and 394.12 kg ha-1), P2O5 (31.27 kg ha-1 and 33.67 kg ha-1) and K2O (185.23 kg ha-1 and 199.18 kg ha-1) in soil after harvesting of hybrid rice in 2020 and 2021, respectively; while the lowest values were recorded in plots which received FFP. In this 2-years field experiment, the highest cost of cultivation was incurred in transplanted hybrid rice cultivation with F5 treatment (₹99332 ha-1). The gross (₹183020 ha-1 and ₹181805 ha-1) and net (₹96247 ha-1 and ₹93737 ha-1) return as well as B:C ratio (2.11 and 2.08) were found to be the highest in transplanted hybrid rice cultivation with F3 treatment in kharif 2020 and kharif 2021, respective. The lentil crop, sown after harvesting of DSR, recorded highest plant height (38.71cm and 39.77cm at 90 DAS), dry aerial biomass (131.95g m-2 and 136.20g m-2 at 90 DAS), CGR (2.026g m-2 day-1 and 1.933 g m-2 day-1 during 31-60 DAS), number of nodules plant-1 (32.09 and 34.57 AT 60 DAS), nodule dry weight plant-1 (4.576mg and 4.665gm at 60 DAS), relative leaf water content (85.10% and 87.53% at 90 DAS) and total chlorophyll content (1.715mg g-1 of fresh weight and 1.735 mg g-1 of fresh weight at 90 DAS), respectively. Among various nutrient treatments, the residual effect of 150% RDN application in kharif hybrid rice produced lentil crop with highest plant height (39.11cm and 40.60cm at 90 DAS), dry aerial biomass (131.88g m-2 and 1137.50g m-2 at 90 DAS), CGR (2.064g m-2 day-1 and 1.988g m-2 day-1 during 31-60 DAS), number of nodules plant-1 (32.93 and 34.66 AT 60 DAS), nodule dry weight plant-1 (4.642mg and 4.640gm at 60 DAS), relative leaf water content (85.01% and 87.87% at 90 DAS) and total chlorophyll content (1.755 mg g-1 of fresh weight and 1.778 mg g-1 of fresh weight at 90 DAS), respectively. Lentil grown under 25cm stubble height recorded higher plant height (38.43cm and 39.16cm at 90 DAS), dry aerial biomass (129.15 g m-2 and 134.10 g m-2 at 90 DAS), number of nodules plant-1 (30.53 and 32.91 at 60 DAS), nodule dry weight plant-1 (4.317 mg and 4.398 mg at 60 DAS) and relative leaf water content (84.07% and 86.87% at 90 DAS), respectively as compared to the crop under 15 cm stubble height. The N content N uptake (4.573%, 4.613% and 48.46 kg ha-1, 49.64 kg ha- 1), P content and P uptake (0.302%, 0.321% and 3.237 kg ha-1, 3.486 kg ha-1) and K content and K uptake (0.870%, 0.880% and 9.252 kg ha-1, 9.487 kg ha-1) of lentil seeds was found to be highest in lentil crops sown after harvesting of direct seeded rice in rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Irrespective of CEMs, lentil crop when grown after kharif hybrid rice that received 150% RDN recorded the highest N content and N uptake (4.652%, 4.680% and 48.34 kg ha-1, 49.82 kg ha-1), P content and P uptake (0.332%, 0.0.348% and 3.468 kg ha-1, 3.724 kg ha-1) and K content and K uptake (0.0.895%, 0.897% and 9.327 kg ha-1, 9.575 kg ha-1) of lentil seeds in rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Different stubble heights of hybrid rice, maintained during sowing of lentil crop in rabi season, resulted non-significant variation in seed and stover N, P and K content. The gross return from lentil cultivation was found to be the highest (₹62250 ha-1 and ₹62800 ha-1 in rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively) in plots which had direct- seeded hybrid rice cultivation with F3 treatment and finally leaving greater stubble height (25cm). The net return from lentil cultivation was also found to be the highest (₹33380 ha-1 and ₹33930 ha-1 in rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively) in plots which had direct-seeded hybrid rice cultivation with F3 treatment and finally leaving greater stubble height (25cm). Under the same growing environment, the B:C ratio was also found to be the highest (2.16 and 2.18 in rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively) for lentil cultivation. Results in respect of overall performance of rice-lentil system revealed that system productivity (8232.2 kg ha-1 and 8300.2 kg ha-1) and system production efficiency (34.30 kg ha-1 day-1 and 34.29 kg ha-1 day-1) attained highest values in transplanted rice- lentil system in 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Rice-lentil system performed best when the kharif hybrid rice cultivation with 150% RDN was followed by lentil cultivation with regard to productivity (9750.6 kg ha-1 and 9800.6 kg ha-1), production efficiency (41.49 kg ha-1 day-1 and 41.10 kg ha-1 day-1) of the systems, N uptake (200.58 kg ha-1 and 206.59 kg ha-1), P uptake (42.25 kg ha-1 and 43.96 kg ha-1) and K uptake (181.64 kg ha-1 and 183.15 kg ha-1) in 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Total population of bacteria (129.54×10-5 and 134.60×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil), fungi (43.63×10-3 and 49.71×10-3 CFU g-1 dry soil) and actinomycetes (63.96×10-5 and 66.69×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil) was highest at the end of direct seeded rice-lentil sequential cropping in 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Cultivation of kharif hybrid rice with nutrient combinations of 50% RDN + 50% N through municipal compost + Azospirillum (F5 treatment) followed by lentil crop resulted higher total population of bacteria (1137.30×10-5 and 142.15×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil), fungi (45.97×10-3 and 54.47×10-3 CFU g-1 dry soil), actinomycetes (66.52×10-5 and 69.91×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil), OC (0.701% and 0.710%), available N (266.97 kg ha-1 and 271.12 kg ha-1), P2O5 (14.44 kg ha-1 and 13.56 kg ha-1) and K2O (120.12 kg ha-1 and 116.57 kg ha-1) in post-harvest soil during 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. The harvest of hybrid rice with a pre-determined stubble height, prior to sowing of lentil crop, exerted significant impact of microbial population in post-harvest soil at the end of rabi season. Total population of bacteria (128.18×10-5 and 131.68×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil), fungi (41.62×10-3 and 48.03×10-3 CFU g-1 dry soil) and actinomycetes (62.12×10-5 and 65.21×10-5 CFU g-1 dry soil) was highest in rice-lentil system which consisted of lentil sowing under greater (25 cm) stubble height in 2020-21 and 2021-22, respectively. Based on 2-years data, the cost of cultivation of hybrid rice-lentil system was more (`128202 ha-1) when the system comprised of transplanted kharif hybrid rice cultivation with F5 treatment followed by lentil sowing under stubble height of either 15 cm or 25 cm in rabi season. This cropping system gave the highest gross return (`183020 ha-1 and `180510 ha-1 in 2020 and 2021, respectively) when it consisted of kharif hybrid rice cultivation under transplanted condition with F3 treatment followed by lentil sowing under greater (25 cm) stubble height in rabi season. The highest net return (`108206 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.00) of rice-lentil system was obtained when it involved direct seeded hybrid rice cultivation kharif season with F3 treatment followed by lentil sowing under 25cm stubble height in 2020-21. But in 2021-22 net return (`113496 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.04) of rice-lentil system was more when it involved direct seeded hybrid rice cultivation in kharif season with F3 treatment followed by lentil sowing under 15cm stubble height in rabi season. The available N gain was the highest (93.70 kg ha-1) under rice-lentil system which involved direct seeded hybrid rice cultivation with F4 treatment followed by lentil under 25 cm stubble heighten 2020-21 in rabi season. But in case of 2021-22 available N gain of rice-lentil system was more (97.37 kg ha-1) when the system consisted of transplanted kharif hybrid rice cultivation with F4 treatment followed by lentil sowing under 25 cm stubble height in rabi season. In 2020-21, the extent of P loss was low (5.97 kg ha-1) in rice-lentil system which involved transplanted hybrid rice cultivation in kharif season with F6 treatment followed by sowing of lentil crop under 25cm stubble height. But in case of 2021-22, the available P loss of rice-lentil system was low (5.99 kg ha-1) when the system comprised of transplanted kharif hybrid rice cultivation with F6 treatment followed by sowing of lentil crop under 25cm stubble height. The available K gain was maximum (114.57 kg ha-1) under rice-lentil system when it involved transplanted kharif hybrid rice cultivation with F6 treatment followed by rabi lentil sowing under 25 cm stubble height in 2020-21. But in case of 2021-22, available K gain of rice-lentil system was more (108.06 kg ha-1) when the system consisted of transplanted kharif hybrid rice cultivation with F2 treatment followed by lentil sowing under 25 cm stubble height in rabi season. Based on the above discussions, it was concluded that rice-lentil system, comprising directly sown hybrid rice receiving 150% RDF followed by sowing of lentil crop in winter under 25 cm left-over stubble height of hybrid rice, was superior over the same system with different treatment combinations. Therefore, rice-lentil system of cropping with above treatment combination can be prescribed for local farming community not only for getting higher system productivity but also for maintaining improved soil fertility status in the long run.ThesisItem Open Access Diversification of potato based cropping system with integrated nutrient management for sustaining crop productivity, soil fertility and economic feasibility in the new alluvial zone of West Bengal(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2011-08-19) Soren, Chaitan; Mukhopadhyay, S. K.Abstract availableThesisItem Open Access Performance of summer Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties influenced by macro and micro climate variations under different dates of sowing(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2012-08-24) Tzudir, Lanunola; P. S., BeraAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of wheat productivity response to irrigation and fertilizer in West Bengal using field experiments and Crop Simulation Modelling(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2016-12-19) Thentu, Tulasi Lakshmi; Dutta, DhananjoyAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Impact of integrated management of nutrient and water on crop, soil and environmental in summer SRI(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2016-07-25) Shamurailatpam, Diana; Ghosh, Rati KantaAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Enhancement of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) productivity through isolated Rhizobia and Phosphate solubilizing Bacteria(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2015-08-05) Sengupta, Amrita; Gunri, Sunil KumarAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Growth, yield and moisture extraction pattern of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) as influenced by irrigation and phosphorus levels(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2011-04-07) Sarkar, Smritikana; A., ZamanAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Studies on the variation in physical environment and its effect on the growth and yield of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) under different dates of sowing(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2009-08-18) Parya, Mousumi; Nath, RajibAbstract availableThesisItem Open Access Effect of water regimes and organics on crop water productivity of rice under SRI in wet and dry seasons(Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, INDIA, Pin-741252, 2008-08-26) Dutta, Sujoy; S. B., GoswamiAbstract available
