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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access BRAND PREFERENCE AND CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF JAM AND KETCHUP IN BENGALURU CITY(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2016-08-12) SWATHI, A. S; Mandanna, P. KJam and Ketchup are the two food variants that are commonly consumed along with a host of food products. The study analysed the brand preference and consumption pattern of Jam and Ketchup in Bengaluru city. The primary data was collected from 90 respondents. Garrett's ranking technique and factor analysis tools were used for" analysis of the data. Majority of the consumers were not aware about the jam and ketchup producing companies. The brands of jam present in the market were Kissan, Tops, Cremica, Druk, St. Dalfour, Dana, and Sil brands. The brands of ketchup present in the market were Kissan, Maggi, Tops, Delmonte, Heinz, Cremica, Natures best and Chingz. In both the cases of jam and ketchup, good taste was the major reason for preference of particular brand. Time saving and affordability, taste and offers, hygienic, brand popularity and product quality are the factors that determine the influencing factors for consumption of jam. Brand popularity and packaging, promotional strategy, good taste and complementary product and time saving are the factors that determines the influencing factors for consumption of ketchup. TV advertisement was the promotional strategy that influenced the consumption of jam and in case of ketchup, it was print media. Television was one of the sources of information to the consumers about the various brands of jam is furnished and in case of Ketchup is concerned, point of sale was one of the sources of information.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON AGRI- ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES OF SC AND ST IN TUMAKURU DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2016-05-11) BHANU PRAKASH, N; GANAPATHY, M.Slnspite of agriculture being a major source of livelihood, the productivity as well as profitability in agriculture have been significantly low in the country. In the absence of local entrepreneurship, the opportunities in agriculture are clinched by outsiders, particularly the urban businessmen and traders. leading to exploitation and deprivation of employment for the local farmers. The study was conducted in Tumakuru district of Karnataka during the year 2013-2014. Tumakuru district has been purposely selected for the study because of the availability of large number of both the SC and ST farmers. In Tumakuru district four taluk viz. Madhugiri, Sira Pavagada and Koratagere from each of the selected taluks, two villages were selected for the study. Thus, totally eight villages were selected for the study, viz. Nagenhalli, Chandragiri, Panjiganahalli Gungenahalli, Kottugudda, Ajampalli, Barka and Mallapanahalli Then, 10 farmers were selected from each village by using random sampling procedure. Thus, the total sample size for the study constituted 80 respondents. The data was collected by direct personal interview method using pretested structured schedules. The data was analyzed using statistical tools like frequency, percentage; mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and t-test. The respondents were in the middle age group years, entrepreneurs were illiterate, majority were males and many agri-entrepreneurs were having medium size family,. More than 50 per cent of the farmers belonged to joint family. The average size of the land holding was 6.07 acres, 63 members of respondents were members of institutes. About 42.50 per cent of the respondents belonged to low entrepreneurial behavior, followed by 33.75 and 23.75 per cent of them belonging to medium and high entrepreneurial behavior ability categories respectively. The correlation coefficient values indicated that the characteristics, viz., education, size of land holding, annual income, mass media participation, extension participation and level of aspiration were positively and significantly correlated with entrepreneurial behaviors. According to Garatte's ranking major constraints were Market availability(66.72). family background (59.52) and Social Barrier (57.47) with 1 st, 211d and Jrd Suggestions expressed by SC and ST farmers were: easy availability of finance (85.00%) and Improving marketing system (76.25 %).ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FRUIT BASED PROCESSING UNITS IN MANIPUR STATE(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-09-20) NGAORAI, NG.; SHASHIDHARA, B.M.The study was carried out in Manipur state with the objective of documenting the processing units, analyze their market share and examine their financial performance. The study revealed that only 21 processing units have been established in the state of which only 13 of them are functional. Further, a vast majority of processing units (77%) are established in urban areas. However, most of these units has a processing capacity of just 150-250 metric tons (62%). The analysis indicates that the international and national brands controls a majority of the market share (61.5%). As a result the share of local brands is less than 39 percent. The analysis depicts a poor financial performance of the processing units in the state with the current ratio (0.93) and liquidity index (45 days) below the ideal level and a high debt-equity ratio (2.15). The gross profit margin was also below the average (21 %). The analysis also indicates that processing of fruit based products is more profitable in the urban areas. To promote processing units on a sustainable basis, the study has suggested strengthening of database, effective supply of raw material and encouraging formation of agribusiness consortia in the state.ThesisItem Open Access AN ANALYSIS OF MARKETING STRATEGIES OF KSSC – A CASE OF PADDY SEEDS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-08-06) DEEPANA, H. D.; GIRISH, M. R.Karnataka State Seeds Corporation Limited (KSSC) was established on 30-06-1978 as an independent Government Company registered under the Companies Act, 1956. The main purpose of the organization is to supply the most vital input ‘Seeds’ for the benefit of the farmers of the State. Paddy is the most important and extensively grown food crop in the World. Paddy is the staple food of more than 60 per cent of the World’s population. India has the largest area under paddy in the World and ranks second in production after China. The present study examined the structure, conduct and performance of market for paddy seeds; analyzed the farmers’ buying behaviour of paddy seeds of KSSC; and explored the problems faced by the farmers in purchasing paddy seeds of KSSC and those of dealers in sale of paddy seeds of KSSC in Mandya district of Karnataka. The results indicated that the paddy seeds market in Mandya district is monopolistic in nature and KSSC is the dominant player as it accounted for 81 per cent of the market share. All the agencies except KSSC exhibited negative growth rate with regard to sale of paddy seeds for the reference period (2006-07 to 2013-14). The most important factor which influenced the farmers’ buying behaviour in the purchase of KSSC paddy seeds was price. The major problem faced by farmers regarding purchase of KSSC paddy seeds was lack of technical guidance while the major problem faced by dealers while selling KSSC paddy was less margin.ThesisItem Open Access BUSINESS PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL OILSEEDS GROWERS CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES UNION LIMITED, CHITRADURGA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-08-12) DEEPAK, S.; RAME GOWDA, P. V.Oilseeds are grown in India mainly to extract the edible oil, India is the net importer of edible oil , oil extraction is mainly concentrated by private sectors, during 1980’s the co-operative sector has made a firm footing under co-operative society. The objective of the study was to analyze the financial performance, marketing management and to identify the constraints faced by the members of the union. The primary data was collected from 50 oilseed grower members and the secondary data was collected from the union for five years from 2008 to 2013, the data was analyzed through the ratios. The major findings of the study revealed that, it has good managerial and financial structure. The net sales of edible oil with annual compound growth rate of 17.04 per cent. The financial performance of the society was satisfactory and financially moderate and also it is having comfortable liquidity to meet short and long-term financial obligations. The pricing strategy for oilseeds includes various components like packaging cost, transportation cost, value added tax, cost of oil and margins etc. Sales promotion expenses on Safal brand incurred was maximum on personal campaign and exhibition. Major constraints faced by the union were procurement of raw materials, transportation of product, fluctuation in market price, storage facility, labour scarcity, higher taxes on products, electricity fluctuations, non-availability of skilled labour and high wages to employees. The union should procure the quality raw material to produce the quality products and reduce the cost by addressing to the constraints indicated.ThesisItem Open Access ANALYSIS OF PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF LITCHI BASED VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS IN BIHAR STATE(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-08-15) AKHILESH, KUMAR MEHTA; SHASHIDHARA, B. M.A study on analysis of processing and marketing of litchi based value added products was conducted in Bihar state to identify procurement strategy, study of value added products and to analyze the consumer preference for litchi based products. The findings of the study revealed that farmers sold 83 per cent of the litchi fruits in the local markets. The study also revealed that the processors procured 91 per cent of the litchi through commission agents. Among the litchi processed companies, Hindustan Unilever Ltd is selling all types of products. The study revealed that consumer’s preferences for litchi based product was mainly influenced by quality, attractive prices and better taste. The study also revealed that brand “Muzaffarpur litchi” commands a premium price in the market. Hence focus need to be on establishment of litchi based processing industries very near to the production belts particularly in the Muzaffarpur district. The demand for litchi based product is likely to increase in future. Hence there is a good opportunity for litchi based processing industries to increase the scale of operations in the future. Besides diversification of processed products like pulp, juice, nectar, beverage, jam jelly etc need to be encouraged through an integrated policy of the state involving private players under public private partnership mode.ThesisItem Open Access CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR FOR DRY FRUITS IN BANGALORE CITY(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-07-10) MOHAMMAD HAMED, KHUSRAWY; SHASHIDHARA, B. M.Today the consumption of dry fruits is gaining importance particularly in urban areas. The important dry fruits consumed are Dates, Almonds, Raisins, Cashews, Figs, Apricots, Walnuts etc. These are referred to as "conventional" or "traditional" dry fruits. Dry fruits are consumed either as snack food or as a breakfast, ready-to-eat snacks and desserts. This study conducted in Bangalore city attempted to assess the consumer behaviour for dry fruits. A total of 90 respondents belonging to different age and income groups were selected for study. The data regarding the consumer awareness and preference for dry fruits in Bangalore city was collected by a pre-tested schedule. The study has revealed that 64 per cent of the consumers were aware of dry fruits brands. Among the consumers’ preference, the highest was for Dates, followed by Almonds and Cashews. The consumers on an average consumed 818 grams of Dates per month, followed by Almond (529 grams). The frequency of consumption of dry fruits was highest in the case of Dates (20 days per month). More than 58 per cent of the consumers preferred branded dry fruits and the remaining 42per cent preferred unbranded dry fruits. Among the consumers, the important factors influencing purchasing of dry fruits are health, taste and quality. Morning was the most preferred time for consumption of dry fruits. Two thirds of consumers have been consuming dry fruits for more than 5 years. The consumers’ satisfaction was highest in the case of Pistachio (85.14%), followed by Dates (75.29%).ThesisItem Open Access FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-08-12) SHILPA, Y. A.; MANDANNA, P. K.The food consumption pattern in India has changed in the present decade. The objectives of the present study was to assess the food consumption pattern in Chikkaballapur District, Karnataka. Other objectives was to analyze the socio economic profile of the sample households, to analyze the buying behavior of housholds and factors affecting it and to quantify the food wastage. The data required for the study were collected from the selected respondents by personal interview. A sample of 45 respondents from rural and 45 respondents from urban areas of Chikkaballapur District were selected. Multiple linear regression was used to study the factors influencing the food consumption expenditure. Garret ranking was used for the reasons of food wastage. The quantity of cereal consumption was more in rural (43.24 kgs) areas than urban (36.83 kgs) areas. Redgram, bengalgram and greengram were the major pulses consumed and there was no difference in the monthly household consumption of beverages and other food items.The average monthly amount spent by urban households was Rs. 3232/- whereas around half of was spent by rural households.The expenditure on cereals was the major expenditure among different food products both in urban and rural consumers. Family size and monthly income are statistically significant at five per cent level. The factors influencing in purchasing the food products by the consumers were quality, price, hygiene, location of the shop, product range, number of earning persons per households and total monthly expenditure on food items.22% of the rural households wasted the cooked food as compared to 17% in urban areas. More of rice was wasted in both the areas of Chikkaballapur District. Seasonality, more than requirement and change in food preparation are the major reasons for the food wastage.The Government and Non–Government organizations should take up propaganda, campaign and sensitize rural and urban households to avoid the food wastage.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANISED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES PROCUREMENT CENTERS ON THE INCOME OF FARMERS IN CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-09-21) RAMAREDDY, G. K.; JAYARAM, M. S.Currently India is witnessing a phenomenal expansion in organized retailing sector with the entry of large corporate companies. This trend is associated with rapid urbanization, rising levels of income among middle and upper-middle class and rich households coupled with change in the consumer preferences. In response to this changing urban and semi-urban scenario, several organized retail outlets have come-up meeting the needs of the consumers. Many of these retail outlets have established centres at fruit and vegetable growing areas to procure fresh produce directly from farmers. With this perspective the study was conducted in Chikkaballapur district, which is one of the major vegetable production region in Karnataka. The results have indicated that the cost of cultivation incurred by the member farmers was higher per acre of beans ( 79,494), potato ( 95,785), ridge gourd ( 62,2030), tomato ( 97,625) and sharad grapes ( 187, 500) compared to that of the non-member farmers with cultivation cost amounting to 55,750, 72,246, 43,656, 66,600 and 159,500 respectively. The incremental income realized by the member farmers per acre of beans was 11478, potato 33,696, ridge gourd 8,273, tomato 11,715 and sharad grapes 1,11,250. The incremental income realized by member farmers was higher due to higher yield, better quality produce, and remunerative price realization and assured purchase based on indent by the procurement centers. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the non-member farmers on the importance of the package of practices, harvesting and post-harvest practices and establishing market linkages with retail formats, marketing co-operatives and contract farming.