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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR IN TRANSGENIC GROUNDNUT {Arachis hypogaea L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-17) USHA RANI, B.M; Dr. P. CHANDRASHEKARAREDDYThe ability of plants to tolerate drought conditions is crucial for agricultural production worldwide. To meet the growing demand for food there is a need to increase crop resistance to various abiotic stresses. One of the viable approaches for crop improvement towards abiotic stress tolerance is by genetic engineering. Stress specific transcription factors bring about coordinated expression of stress responsive genes involved in stress adaptation. ANAC102 is one of the stress responsive gene belongs to NAC group of transcription factors. The transgenics expressing NAC gene were earlier developed by in planta transformation method. In this approach To plants chimeric and putative ANAC102 were identified in the Ti generation. We had screened 96 Ti ANAC102 plants by Polymerized Chain Reaction. We got 30 positive plants. These 30 plants were further characterized by two approaches. In the first approach T2 ANAC102 plants were screened by PCR .Amongst the 136 plants screened 50 were PGR positives. Out of these 6 plants subjected to RT-PCR analysis these transgenic lines showed higher ANAC102 transgene expression compared to wild type by using gene specific primers. These plants have also shown high chlorophyll content and high cell viability compared to control. The pod weight and pod yield was also high in transgenic plants compared to wild type. Second approach is Antibiotic based intermediate screening of T2 ANAC102 groundnut seedlings. Seedlings showing resistance to Kanamycin were sown under transgenic facility. Out of 40 plants selected 36 plants found positive with gene specific primers and 30 plants found positive with nptll primers. Selected plants observed for stress tolerance had shown higher chlorophyll content, more cell viability, less membrane leakage and less water loss compared to wild type plants. These promising lines should be analyzed further generation for the drought tolerance.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) CULTIVARS TO THE POPULATION DYNAMICS UNDER AEROBIC METHOD(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-17) BASAVARAJA, M.K.; K.MURALIA field experiment entitled "Response of rice cultivars to the population dynamics under aerobic method" was conducted at Agronomy Field Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, during Kharif 2006 in red sandy loam soil (Alfisols). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 15 treatment combinations consisting five genotypes viz., KRH-2, MTU-1001, THANU, MAS-26 and MAS-946 and three plant spacings viz., 20 cm x 10 cm, 25 cm x 25 cm, 45 cm x 20 cm spacing. Among plant spacings 45 cm x 20 cm recorded significantly higher grain yield and straw yield (57.31 q ha-^ and 6.89 t ha-i respectively), which was significantly superior over the 25 cm x 25 cm (50.57 q ha-^ and 6.44 t ha-i), and the lowest grain and straw yield was recorded with 20 cm X 10 cm (40.90 q ha-i and 5.72 t ha-^). The increased grain yield was due to the increased growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf area index, total dry matter and yield parameters at a spacing of 45 cm x 20 cm. Among rice genotypes KRH-2 recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield (57.53 q ha-^ and 7.17 t ha-i respectively) over the MTU- 1001 (52.62 q ha-i and 6.54 t ha"i). Where as MTU-1001 was onpar with THANU, followed by MAS-26 and MAS-946. The study concluded that genotype KRH-2 hybrid recorded higher grain yield over other genotypes but in case of varieties MTU-1001 recorded higher grain yield which was onpar with THANU, when grown at 45 cm X 20 cm spacingThesisItem Open Access PRUNING PRACTICES FOR MAXIMIZATION OF MULBERRY LEAF PRODUCTIVITY UNDER UAS SERI SUVARNA TECHNOLOGY AND REARING PERFORMANCE IN RAINFED CONDITION(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-17) R. LAKSHMINARASIMAPPA; Dr. K.P. CHINNASWAMYField experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pruning practices for maximization of mulberry leaf productivity under UAS Seri Suvama technology on growth and yield of Ms mulberry variety and the silkworm B. mori L. in relation to rearing performance in rainfed condition at Department of Sericulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore during the year 2004-05. The results indicated that mulberry growth parameter viz., number of branches and leaves, leaf yield, leaf moisture, chlorophyll a, b content, total chlorophyll content, total soluble sugar and protein content NPK, Ca, Mg and S content were influenced by the pruning practices. However, pruned crop shows 90 cm height more / higher of all the above parameters which is followed by pruning at 60 cm, 30 cm bottom pruning, 90, 60 and 30 cm with normal shoots as compared to non-UAS Seri Suvarna. Similarly, the soil moisture content at 60 cm depth and soil arthropods populations like beetles, grubs, termites, centipedes and earthworm were higher in treatment of 90 cm height pruned plots as compared to other treatment. The larval weight cocoon weight, growth rate, shell weight, shell percentage, silk productivity and ERR percentage and silk filament was also higher in 90 cm height, pruned plots, which is followed by 60, 30 cm bottom pruning 90, 60, 30 cm height with normal shoots compared to non-UAS Seri- Suvama. The instar duration larval duration, silk denier and disease incidence was less in 90 cm height pruned plot as compared to other treatment. Similarly, benefit cost ratio 90 cm height pruned crop was 5 : 73 which is followed by 5:11 and 5 : 07 in 60 and 30 cm height pruned plot respectively, the lowest B:C ratio of 1 : 92 was obtained in non-UAS Seri Suvarna technologyThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF STCR TARGETED YIELD APPROACH ON RAGI CROP YIELD, SOIL PROPERTIES, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-17) ASHWINI, Y.; P.K. BASAVARAJAA field experiment was conducted on Alfisols during 2006-2007 of Zonal Agricultural Research Station, GKVK, UAS, Bangalore to evaluate the different methods of nutrient application in comparison with the STCR approach on ragi crop (GPU-28), yield, soil properties, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency. The result revealed that application of N,P,K nutrients for a soil test crop response (STCR) targeted yield of 50 q ha"' through 50 % inorganic + 50 % organics recorded a highest gr^in yield of (3638.9 kg ha"') and straw yield of (5740.6 kg ha"'). Similarly application of N,P,K nutrients through 50 % inorganic + 50 % organics for a targeted yield of 60 q ha"' recorded highest N, K, S, Ca, Mg content in the soil. However, available P status was highest where STCR target of 50 q ha"' was fixed by application of 50 % inorganic+ 50% organics sources of nutrients. Higher values of N, P, Ca, S uptake by ragi grains and straw was noticed with 50 % inorganic + 50 % organic sources of nutrient application for a targeted yield of 50qha"' except Mg K, uptake by ragi grains and straw which has recorded higher values due to application of N, P, K nutrient through 50% inorganic 50% organic sources of nutrients for a targeted yield of 60 q ha"'. , However, the NUE was highest where nutrients were applied as per POP followed by nutrienti applied for a targeted yield of 50 q ha "' through conjunctive use of Organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. This higher NUE by ragi crop as per package clearly indicates that nutrients were applied in a well balanced manner but still STCR approach was better for achieving the higher yieldsThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SYRPHID PREDATORS OF SUGARCANE WOOLLY APHID (Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-01) LIKHIL E. K.; C. P. MALLAPURThe role played by syrphids in the management of Sugarcane Woolly Aphid were studied under both laboratory and field conditions during 2005- 06 at Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Dharwad and at farmer's fields. The syrphid species associated with SWA comprised of two species viz., Eupeodes con/rater and Dideopsis aegrota and E. coiifrater was the major species occurring in all the locations (62.58 to 100%). Two groups of natural enemies on syrphids were identified, one larvalpupal parasitioid belonging to family Ichneumonidae [Diplazon laetatorius) and three species of bacterial pathog'iiis viz., Citrobactor sp., Aeromonas sp. and Bacillus sp. The breeding of E. con/rater was not possible in caged condition. The predator completed three larval instars with a total larval period of 12.12+0.31 (10-14) days. Pupal period ranged from 7 to 9 days v/ith a mean of 8.30+0.26 days. The longevity of male and female was recorded at 13.27+0.89 (10-20) days and 17.6+1.52 (10-22) days, respectively. A single larva of E. confrater consumed 442.74 sugarcane woolly aphids in its total larval period at a rate of 36.53 aphids/individual/day. The instarwise consumption was 45.83, 133.52 and 263.39 aphids during first, second and third instar, respectively. In the absence of food, Eupeodes late instar larvae fed on eggs, early and late instars of Micromus and early instars of Diphcu Intum, the late instar Dipha larvae consumed early instar Eupeodes larvae. In the field study, molasses and fruit fly diet attractants recorded comparatively more syrphid larval population (1.13 and 0.92 larvae/leaf) and registered lower mean aphid grades. All the tested chemical insecticides viz., thiamethoxam, chlorpyriphos and malathion were found highly toxic to syrphids. However, the safest treatment was vitex + neem + lantana which recorded least reduction of syrphid population in treated plots (3.72 and 6,13%) as well as under laboratory condition (23.01% mortality).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON V-1 MULBERRY INTERCROPPED WITH MEDICINAL PLANT Coleus forskohliiiZn\\.(km ITS IMPACT DN COCOON PRODUCTION UNDER INM(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-01) SRINIVAS N. N.; G.M PATILNo AbstractThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CAMEL AND GOAT HAIR(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-01) KIRTI NAGAL; SHAILAJA D. NAIKThe present study entitled assessment of physical properties of camel and goat hair was carried out during 2004-06 to assess the physical properties of camel and goat hair, to compare the quality parameter of camel, goat and blended yams and determine the effect of acid and reactive dyeings on the colourfastness of camel yarn. The camel hair was procured from National Research Centre on Camels, Bikaner (Raj) and goat hair from Rajasthan Agricultural University Bikaner (Raj). The fibre samples were assessed for morphological, chemical and physical characteristics. The hair were distinctively handspun into camel, goat and blended yams (Camekgoat 50:50) and were assessed for yam count, yarn twist and single yarn strength. But camel yarn was alone dyed in acid and reactive dyes and assessed for colour fastness. From the results of pilot study yellow, green and blue colour and 2 per cent dye concentration was selected on the basis of dye absorption and visual appearance. Camel hair was relatively finer with lower medullation percentage compared to goat hair. Camel yarn was finer with greater number of tpi whose single yarn strength and elongation percentage was lower than to goat and blended yarn. Acid and reactive dyes showed significant adverse effect on yam properties, that inturn resulted into yarn coarseness, lower tpi and decreased in single yarn strength regardless of hues and dyeing methods. Dyed samples showed good colourfastness to crocking and sunlight. Hence to enhance the appearance of camel hair, colour can be added as value addition that aids the young entrepreneurs to take up this venture and rejuvenate the applicability of speciality hair fibres.ThesisItem Open Access REVIVAL OF RELIC KHANA MATERIAL AS CONTEMPORARY DESIGNER'S BED LINEN(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-01) NAMRATA M; SHAILAJA D. NAIKThe present study entitled "Revival of relic khana material as contemporaiy bed linen" was conducted during 2004 - 06. Traditional handwoven khana materials are the blouse (kubasa) material with extra warp dobby figures of Northern Karnataka. In the present days, the utility of khana materials for cboli purpose has declined to a greater extent affecting the weaver's community. Hence efforts were made to revive the relic khana material by diversifying its utility towards designing contemporary diwan sets. According to objectives, 30 each of housewives and working women were interviewed using self structured schedule by personally interviewing to assess the most suitable fibre content, colour and pattern of khana material for designing diwan sets. Five diwan sets were designed by using different patchwork techniques like block, crazy, logcabin, mosaic and tucked patchworks. They were surface enriched with tribal embroideries and accessories viz.., coins, shells, tassels, frills and bells to give an ethnic look. Further, consumer's acceptance to the newly designed diwan sets was assessed from 50 each of housewives and working women to reveal its suitability to the contemporaiy era. Mosaic patchwork was highly accepted followed by block, logcabin, tucked and crazy patchwork. About 82 percent of the respondents opined excellent for designer's diwan sets and expressed that they give trendy look. These diwan sets were digitized using Corel DRAW version 7.0 to throw light on applicability of khana on three lighter background material viz.., blue, red and yellow. The total cost and return was high in block and crazy patchworks, moderate for tucked and logcabin patchworks and low for mosaic patchwork. These designer's diwan sets have great demand in three star and five star hotels which would enrich their interiors. Self entrepreneurs can expand their units to build international market and in turn promote khana weavers.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT POPULATION, NUTRITION, PINCHING AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON PLANT GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF AFRICAN MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-01) SUNITHA H. M.; RAVI HUNJETwo field experiments were conducted to study the influence of plant population, nutrition, pinching and growth regulators on plant growth, seed yield and quality of African marigold at Water and Land Use Management Institute (WALMl) Farm, Dharwad during 2004-05 and Laboratory studies were carried out at National Seed Project, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The application of vermicompost as 50% RDN along with 50% RDF recorded significantly higher plant height (100.32 cm), number of primary branches per plant (13.13), number of flowers per plant (66.19), seed yield per plant (18.65 g) and seed yield per ha (499.05 kg) and also recorded higher 1000 seed weight (3.36 g), germination percentage (89.10), field emergence percentage (81.48), root length (6.22 cm), shoot length (5.55 cm), seedling dry weight (11.53 mg) and vigour index (1047) compared to application of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF). While wider spacing of 60 X 60 cm recorded more number of primary branches per plant (11.59), number of flowers per plant (59.65), seed yield per plant (15.37 g) compared to closer spacing of 60 x 40 cm. However seed yield per ha (453.47 kg) was significantly higher at closer spacing of 60 x 40 cm. Significantly higher plant height (95.93 cm) was recorded in unpinched plants, while pinched plants recorded significantly higher number of primary branches per plant (12.00), number of flowers per plant (61.88), seed yield per plant (18.22 g) and seed yield per ha (473.71 kg). Among the growth regulator, GA3 200 ppm spray recorded significantly higher plant height (101.21 cm), number of primary branches per plant (14.47), number of flowers per plants (68.66), seed yield per plant (20.63 g) and seed yield per ha (531.54 kg) and also recorded significantly higher 1000 seed weight (3.34 g), germination percentage (90.13), field emergence percentage (77.10), root length (6.34 cm), shoot length (5.41 cm), seedling dry weight (11.44 mg) and vigour index (1059) compared to ethrel 750 ppm.