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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2010 - 2019125
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Subject: Plant Biotechnology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 125
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SCREENING OF SWEET SORGHUM GENOTYPES FOR THE TRAITS RELATED TO BIOMASS AND SUGAR CONTENT
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) SHALINI, K.V.; UMASHANKAR, N.
    The improvement of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) for biofuel traits is getting more attention globally due to its sugar-rich stalk that can be used as a renewable energy product. An understanding and proper assessment of biofuel-related traits in sweet sorghum crop is an important step toward the development of superior cultivar. A study was conducted with the objectives of evaluating 30 sweet sorghum genotypes for biomass and sugar related traits through identified sugar related markers. In the study, 30 genotypes along with two check varieties were screened for the biomass and sugar related traits by physiological evaluation and through molecular analysis. The experimental data was subjected to statistical analysis for elucidating the information on genetic variation existing for morphological and yield related traits. The genetic variability was assessed by genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), heritability and genetic advance over mean (GAM), also molecular diversity analysis was done by using 15 QTLs linked SSR markers. Genotypes possessing better TSS values were IS4835, IS5361and IS14465, these can be preferred for the ethanol production also these genotypes can be used in the breeding programs as parents for high TSS. The genotypes such as IS5361, IS14861 and IS4835 were found to be good biomass producers and these genotypes can be grown for fodder purpose. From this study, it was shown that IS5361 is the most suitable genotype for the bioethanol production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PROSPECTING OF Viola odorata (LINN.) FOR CYCLOTIDES AND ITS APPLICATION TO CONTROL LATE BLIGHT OF TOMATO
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) DIXITHA, M.; SHYAMALAMMA, S.
    Viola odorata (Linn.) is an important medicinal herb with cyclotides in all plant parts. Cyclotides are peptides with a wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial and insecticidal activity. Thus, the cyclotides were extracted from leaf and petiole parts through ethanol extraction and were quantified by RP-HPLC method. Both leaf and petiole extracts of Viola odorata yielded cyclotides with a peak retention time of 23.5 min. indicating the presence of cyclotides. An assay for the antimicrobial activity of cyclotides from leaf and petiole extract of Viola odorata against late blight causing organism (Phytophthora infestans) in tomato was carried out. The cyclotides inhibited the growth of Phytophthora infestans at low concentration (10μg/mL) as compared to higher concentration (50μg/mL and 100μg/mL) used in the study. Multiplication of Viola odorata is difficult due to seed dormancy. Hence, micro-propogation protocol was standardized by using leaf and petiole explants. Surface sterilization of leaf and petioles of Viola odoratawith 1Per cent Bavistin for 45 min, 40Per cent NaOCl for 5 minutes followed by 0.1Per cent HgCl2for 1.30 minutes gave the highest percent survival of explants. Maximum callus induction from leaf was obtained in FMS media, containing 1.0mg/L BAP + 1.0mg/L TDZ, whereas callus induction from petiole was higher in FMS media, containing 0.5mg/L BAP + 0.5mg/L TDZ. Maximum number of shoots were regenerated from the callus on HMS media, comprising NA (0.5mg/L), GA3 (1.05mg/L), AgNO3 (0.42mg/L) and TDZ (2.5mg/L) with an average number of 1.50 shoots per explant.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TRANSIENT EXPRESSION STUDIES OF BmNPV ANTIVIRAL PROTEINS SERINE PROTEASE AND LIPASE IN MULBERRY PLANT
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) LAKSHMEESHA, R.; NAGESHA, N.
    Sericulture is an important agrobased cottage industry. Silkworm Bomyx mori L. is being commercially utilized for the production of silk. Silkworm susceptible to fungal, bacterial, viral and protozoan diseases. Among these, Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) causes grasserie, a viral disease in silkworm which is a major disease causing great economic loss to sericulture industry. The present investigation lays main emphasis on transformation of antiviral genes, serine protease and lipase into mulberry leaves using agro infiltration. BmNPV antiviral proteins were cloned in the plant expression vector pBI121. The plant expression vector pBI121 was successfully moved into Agro-bacterium cells for agro infiltration studies in mulberry. The gene integration and expression of antiviral proteins were confirmed by PCR amplification and SDS-PAGE analysis, which was found to be 885 bp of lipase gene with protein size of 29 Kda, and 855 bp of serine protease gene with protein size of 24 Kda. The antiviral protein genes lipase and serine protease were cloned into bacterial expression vector pET32a for bioassay studies. Bioassay studies were carried out in hybrid silkworm Kolar Gold, by feeding antiviral proteins isolated from bacterial expression system. Silkworms fed with Bombyx mori serine protease and Bombyx mori lipase antiviral proteins against BmNPV infection have showed less mortality when compared with control silkworm with antiviral proteins.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR AND SEROLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF MUNG BEAN YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS (MYMV) REPLICATION ASSOCIATION GENE.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) RENUKA; ANITHA, PETER
    Mung Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is an important virus causing the most devastating disease in mung bean. As the replication association gene (Rep) is involved in viral replication, site specific nicking, DNA binding, ligation, and helicase activity the knowledge of Rep gene sequences would be useful in efforts to know the genetic relationships among MYMV isolates and management of disease. In the present study an attempt was made to clone the Rep gene from MYMV and to identify the diversity of MYMV isolates from India and global isolates originating from different geographical region, the results of sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that, MYMV isolates from eastern, southern and western India were highly heterogeneous in Rep gene length varied from 1080-1092 nucleotides and 359-363 amino acids. Maximum homogeneity at nucleotide and amino acid level was in northern (99 % and 98%) isolates, followed by eastern (95 % and 97 %), western (93 % and 95 %), Sothern (83 % and 98 %) and central (85 % and 95 %) isolates. All north Indian isolates were clearly separated from isolates of other geographical regions and formed a major group in phylogenetic trees and the clustering pattern did not correlate well with their geographical regions. The present study suggests that location specific strategy may have to be developed to manage MYMV. Along with these, serological studies in validation of polyclonal antibodies showed that its effectiveness in detecting virus at primary antibody dilutions of 1:500.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR AND SEROLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF MUNG BEAN YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS (MYMV) REPLICATION ASSOCIATION GENE.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2018-08-01) RENUKA; ANITHA, PETER
    Mung Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is an important virus causing the most devastating disease in mung bean. As the replication association gene (Rep) is involved in viral replication, site specific nicking, DNA binding, ligation, and helicase activity the knowledge of Rep gene sequences would be useful in efforts to know the genetic relationships among MYMV isolates and management of disease. In the present study an attempt was made to clone the Rep gene from MYMV and to identify the diversity of MYMV isolates from India and global isolates originating from different geographical region, the results of sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that, MYMV isolates from eastern, southern and western India were highly heterogeneous in Rep gene length varied from 1080-1092 nucleotides and 359-363 amino acids. Maximum homogeneity at nucleotide and amino acid level was in northern (99 % and 98%) isolates, followed by eastern (95 % and 97 %), western (93 % and 95 %), Sothern (83 % and 98 %) and central (85 % and 95 %) isolates. All north Indian isolates were clearly separated from isolates of other geographical regions and formed a major group in phylogenetic trees and the clustering pattern did not correlate well with their geo-graphical regions. The present study suggests that location specific strategy may have to be developed to manage MYMV. Along with these, serological studies in validation of polyclonal antibodies showed that its effectiveness in detecting virus at primary antibody dilutions of 1:500.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    NDIRECT REGENERATION OF Japonica RICE (Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica) VARIETIES AZUCENA AND MOROBEREKAN THROUGH ANTHER CULTURE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2015-12-01) AVINASH SHARMA; Ashok, T. H.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops of Southeast Asia, which feeds half of the world population. Anther culture is an efficient and convenient technique for rapid production of doubled haploids which are useful in crop breeding programs. Present study involved evaluation of two japonica rice varieties Azucena and Moroberekan cultured on 17 callus induction treatments on N6 medium and 19 regeneration treatments on MS medium. Highest callus induction frequency was observed in Azucena in treatment T4 (2, 4-D 2 mg L-1 + Kinetin 1 mg L-1 ) (49.99 %) followed by Moroberekan in treatment T11 (2, 4-D 1 mg L-1 + NAA 2 mg L-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 ) (48.64 %). Highest shoot regeneration frequency was recorded in Azucena in treatment T10 (Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (83.33 %) followed by Moroberekan in treatment T16 (Kinetin 2 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (80.0 %). Plantlet regeneration did not occur in Azucena. Highest plantlet regeneration frequency was recorded in Moroberekan in treatment T16 (Kinetin 2 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L -1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (80.0 %) followed by in treatment T10 (Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (55.55 %). These results suggest that growth regulators and their concentration, along with genotype have significant effect on callus induction and regeneration from anthers in rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR AND INSECTICIDAL CHARACTERISATION OF NOVEL CRY TOXINS FROM Bacillus thuringiensis AGAINST APHIDS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-11-07) MEGHANA, S.; Asokan, R.
    Aphids are the most damaging pests of plants. The present investigation lays emphasis on isolation and identification of Aphidicidal Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. 600 Bacillus like isolates were obtained from different agro-ecological zones. The isolates were obtained using standard enrichment technique as described by Travers et al., (1987). A total of 65 Bacillus like colonies were screened, 15 putative Aphidicidal B. thuringiensis isolates were identified based on morphological as well as through microbiological studies including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) & Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Spherical and amorphous crystal inclusion was predominantly present in 34.28% of the Bt isolates when compared to other shapes. Crystal protein profiling of Bt isolates by SDS-PAGE analysis showed the presence 130, 73, 34, 25 and 13 kDa bands, among which 50-66 kDa bands were present abundantly. The detection of cry gene of these isolates was done by PCR analysis, indicated that cry1, cry2A, cry3A and cry11A were on plasmid DNA. All cry genes were 80-100% homologous when aligned on alignment tool NCBI-BLASTn. All isolates of Bt were tested for their insecticidal activity against aphids. Bioassay results suggest that the Bt toxins were responsible for the mortality of the exposed aphids and the observed physical changes were induced by B. thuringiensis infection; these strains had been re-isolated from the dead aphids, and the presented results fulfilled Koch’s postulates. The present invention introduced the promising Bt isolates which could specifically create efficient biocontrol agent for Aphids and in the near future other sucking pests
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SSR MARKERS USING RAGI GENOME SEQUENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS LINKED TO A FEW QUANTITATIVE TRAITS RELATED TO SEED YIELD IN FINGER MILLET [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn]
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-19) UMA SOMASHEKHAR MAGUNDANAVAR
    Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn], an important nutri-rich millet crop, has limited information on genomic resources for application in crop improvement. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to develop SSR markers using a part of the whole genome sequence of finger millet variety PR202. Different SSR repeat motifs were predicted using MISA software and totally 948 SSR primers were designed from 10 Mb sequence data with five super scaffolds. Of the 146 primers synthesized, 134 (91.78 %) showed expected amplification in four finger millet genotypes (GPU 28, L-5, GE 208, GE 156), among which five (UASBFM 25, UASBFM 32, UASBFM 112, UASBFM 128 and UASBFM 130) were polymorphic between parents (GPU 28, L-5) of a mapping population studied. Along with five new, the two previously identified polymorphic primers (FMgSSR 73465 and UGEP 53) were also used to genotype the mapping population (F2). Out of seven polymorphic primers 5 primers produced expected Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1 while two primers UASBFM 112 and UASBFM 128 produced only female specific bands in F2 plants suggesting maternal inheritance of the marker. The F2 plants were phenotyped for 16 quantitative traits under field conditions. Single marker analysis indicated association of seed yield with markers UASBFM 25, UASBFM 32, UASBFM 130; total ear head weight with markers UASBFM 25, UASBFM 130; 1000-seed weight with markers UASBFM 32, UASBFM 130 and root length with markers UASBFM 32 and UGEP 53. The STRUCTURE analysis classified F2 population into three genetic subpopulations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOST TEA INDUCED RESPONSES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) AND MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) CROPS: ANALYSIS OF GROWTH PROMOTION, YIELD AND DEFENSE RESPONSE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-09-09) SANJANA, D.; VEENA, S. ANIL
    The excessive use of agrochemicals in crop production leads to environmental pollution and health hazards, and thus development of alternative approaches of biocontrol and growth promotion for enhanced crop productivity is of paramount importance. One such approach is the foliar spray of ‘compost teas’ (Anil et al., 2017). Aerated and non-aerated fermentation are the two dominant approaches in preparation of compost tea. In this study groundnut varieties GKVK5 and TMV2 and marigold variety Arka Agni were used to evaluate the efficacy of compost tea in enhancing yield and controlling fungal diseases under field conditions. Compost tea treatments along with single spray of fungicide manages Late leaf spot disease and enhances biomass and yield (30%) in groundnut. Similarly, in marigold, compost tea in an integrated strategy showed higher flower yield (26%) and suppressed Alterneria blight as compared to recommended fungicide control. Compost tea promotes induced systemic resistance in groundnut and marigold with enhanced levels of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, phenols and flavonoids. In marigold crop field studies showed more beneficial results with nonaerated compost tea, while in case of groundnut aerated and non-aerated compost teas were on par with each other. Compost tea was observed to enhance callus proliferation in vitro and induced defense enzymes in groundnut and marigold cells. The study also recorded significant changes in membrane potential of groundnut calli cells when exposed to compost tea. The study thus shows that compost tea based strategy is an effective biocontrol, and growth promoter in groundnut and marigold crops.