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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-01-31) RAKESH BISWAS; M. ThimmarayappaA field experiment entitled “Effect of different organic manures on growth, yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)” was conducted at RIOF experiment block, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore during rabi 2021. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 11 treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that application of 100 percent N equivalent through biodigester liquid organic manure recorded significantly higher growth parameters like plant height (25.39 cm), number of leaf plant-1 (21.57) plant spread (45.17 cm2), number of days taken to head initiation (59.20 DAT) and number of days taken to head maturity (86.40 DAT) at harvest, yield attributes like diameter of head (14.29 cm), average weight of head (1240 g), yield of head plot-1 (40.53 kg) and yield of head ha-1 (240.36 q). Higher gross return Rs.6,00,900 ha-1) and net return (Rs.5,19,800 ha-1) was obtained with the application of 100 per cent N equivalent through biodigester liquid organic manure. Whereas, higher B:C ratio (7.75) was recorded with the application of 100 percent N equivalent through farm yard manure (FYM). Quality parameters like ascorbic acid (35.63 mg) and protein content in head (3.10 %) was obtained with the application of 100. percent N. equivalent. through vermicompost.ThesisItem Embargo STUDY ON IDEAL TREE CANOPY AND SEASONAL EFFECT ON GROWTH, FLOWER YIELD, OIL YIELD AND QUALITY OF YLANGYLANG (Cananga odorata Hook. F. and Thomson.)(2022-12-31) SEEMA BASAVARAJ TADASANAVAR; SRINIVASAPPA, K. N.An investigation entitled “Study on ideal tree canopy and seasonal effect on growth, flower yield, oil yield and quality of Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata Hook. F. and Thomson.)” was undertaken at aromatic crops field and quality analytical laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, during June 2021 to May 2022. The field experiment was laid out in the Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of twelve treatments replicated thrice, to study the effect of different levels of heading back (3, 4 and 5 feet) and floral bud inducer spray (control, 2, 3 and 4 %) on growth and yield parameters. The analysed pooled data revealed that trees headed back at 3 feet and sprayed with 2 % potassium nitrate produced maximum number of secondary branches per tree (109.22), number of leaves per tree (12550.29), number of flowers per tree (4383.29), length of green flower (8.68 cm) and yellow flower (8.96 cm), weight of green flower per tree (3812.31 g), weight of yellow flower per tree (2532.65 g) and oil yield (50.5 ml). The lab experiment was conducted to study the effect of distillation frequency (0, 3 and 6 hours after harvest) and stage of harvest (green and yellow) on oil recovery and composition. The analysed pooled data indicated that yellow flowers distilled 3 hours after harvest had maximum oil recovery (1.34 %). Linalool which determines quality of Ylang-ylang oil was found maximum (33.31 %) in yellow flower distilled 6 hours after harvest during Rabi season.ThesisItem Embargo IN VITRO REGENERATION STUDIES OF “SWEET ORANGE”Citrus sinensis L.Osbeck(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-13) AKHILA, B S; VENKATESH MURTHY, PSweet orange (Citrus sinensisL.Osbeck) is widely cultivating member of the citrus genus with immense nutritional values. The conventional propagation of sweet orange crop is being limited due to bud transmittable diseases and low success rate, therefore the present investigation was undertaken to develop a protocol for in vitro regeneration and production of multiple disease free shoots of Sweet orange.The nodal segments and seeds were used as explants. The surface sterilized explants were cultured on full strength MS media supplemented with different concentration and combination of plant growth regulators namely BAP, Kinetin and NAA. Better responses were observed with different combinations of growth regulators. The combination of BAP 1.0 mgL-1 + Kinetin 2.0 mgL-1 produced maximum number of shoots of 5.9 at 90 days after shoot initiation when nodal segments were used as explants. Whereas, for the seed explants maximum number of shoots (3.8) at 60 days after seed germination was obtained in BAP 0.5 mgL-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mgL-1. The nodal segment explants placed in different concentration of NAA did not show any shoot growth. Use of NAA for in vitro regeneration of sweet orange is not recommended either when used individually or in combination with other growth regulators, it produced only callus which did not regenerate further. The in vitro regenerated shoots were transferred to half strength MS media contains rooting hormones namely IBA and NAA at different concentration and IBA at 1.5 mgL-1 showed maximum number of roots as well as longer roots.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF SEASON ON FLOWERING, OIL YIELD, QUALITY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF YLANG-YLANG (Cananga odorata HOOK. F. AND THOMSON.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-27) L S, UDAY KUMAR; K. N., SRINIVASAPPA,An investigation was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, GKVK campus, University of Agricultural sciences, Bangalore to study the effect of season on flowering, oil yield, quality and antibacterial properties of Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata HOOK. F. AND THOMSON.). The experiment was conducted in two seasons (October-December and March-May) with six treatments in each season and three replications comprising 3 different distillation times and two flower stages. The maximum number of leaves per branch and per tree was found in season 1. The maximum number of flowers per branch (98.27) and per tree (1459.89) was observed in season 2. The highest weight of green flower (348.5 g) and yellow flower (249.78 g) per tree was also recorded in season 2. The maximum oil yield (13.91 ml) was found in season 2 (flowers harvested during the months of March-May). In season 1, the highest oil percentage of 1.87% was found when the flowers were distilled at green stage at 12.00 noon. In season 2, the highest oil percentage recorded was 1.27% with distillation of flowers in green stage at 12.00 noon. GC-MS analysis showed that the percentage composition of specific constituents of oil from the present study was comparable with first grade oil of Ylang-ylang as per Madagascar standards. The oil extracted from both the stages of flower showed inhibitory effect against human pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF PROMISING BLACK TURMERIC (Curcuma caesia ROXB.) GENOTYPES FOR GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-19) NITEESHKUMAR; K. N., SRINIVASAPPA,Eight promising black turmeric genotypes were studied for growth, yield, quality and antibacterial properties. Considerable variation was observed for all the DUS descriptors. Out of 25 characters studied, four were monomorphic, thirteen were dimorphic and eight were polymorphic characters. The growth parameters like days taken for field sprouting, plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots, leaf lamina length, leaf lamina width, leaf petiole length, plant diameter and leaf area was recorded periodically. The yield parameters like mother rhizome, primary rhizome and secondary rhizome characters, fresh rhizome yield and quality parameters such as dry recovery percentage, cured rhizome yield and biochemical profiling of methanolic rhizome extracts were studied. The findings of the study indicated that among eight genotypes, the genotype GKJ-5 recorded significantly superior values for plant height (123.07 cm), number of leaves (38.20), number of shoots (7.46), leaf lamina length (17.72 cm), lamina width (49.40 cm), leaf petiole length (28.24 cm), plant diameter (16.98 cm), leaf area (6434.17 cm2), fresh rhizome yield (48.07 t/ha) and cured rhizome yield (9.85 t/ha) followed by genotypes GKB-3 & GKM-2 for growth, yield and quality parameters. Three genotypes out of eight such as GKM-2, GKB-3 & GKJ-5 were noted as adaptable genotypes to local condition. Biochemical profiling of methanolic rhizome extract confirmed intraspecific diversity in the chemical composition of genotypes with respect to the geographical distribution. The antibacterial activity for selected bacteria was also studied. The extracts exhibited positive results against the clinically important selected Gram positive bacteria.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) GENOTYPES FOR GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-14) SWATHI, B.; SIDDAGANGAIAHCucumber is an important vegetable belongs to family Cucurbitaceae. It is grown for its tender fruits, which are consumed either raw or as salad. Around seventeen diverse genotypes of cucumber were collected from different indigenous sources and were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during rabi season of 2020-21 of January to April in the Department of Horticulture, GKVK, Bengaluru and were assessed to know variability, correlation, path analysis, divergence studies, sex expression, yield and quality parameters. High heritability coupled with high genetic gain was observed for average fruit weight, number of fruits per vine and fruit yield per vine. Fruit yield per vine was positively and significantly correlated with average fruit weight, number of male flowers per vine, fruit length, number of female flowers per vine, days to last harvest of the fruit and fruit diameter. Fruit yield per vine had the maximum positive direct contribution towards average fruit weight followed by number of fruits per vine, number of male flowers per vine, internodal length and fruit length. Different genotypes of cucumber were grouped in five major clusters. Cluster 1 was the largest group consisting of 11 genotypes which was followed by cluster 3 (3 genotypes), cluster 2, cluster 4 and cluster 5 had single genotype. Fruit yield per vine showed positive and high significant correlation with TSS, flesh thickness and physiological loss in weight. Maximum fruit yield per vine was observed for Sirsi Local- 1 followed by Sirsi Local-2 and Davangere Local.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZINC AND BORON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ANTHURIUM(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-14) ARUNA TOTAD; VASANTHA KUMARI, R.Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) is the best known in global market for its flower which is colored modified leaf (spathe) and a pencil-like protrusion (spadix) borne on leafless stalk or peduncle. A field trial was conducted in Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2020-2021 to assess the “Effect of foliar application of Zinc and Boron on growth and yield of Anthurium”. The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design and use of micronutrients viz., Zinc (zinc sulphate) and Boron (boric acid). The treatments were replicated thrice and the foliar application was carried out on 30th, 60th and 90th day after transplanting. Foliar application of Zinc (0.4 ppm) + Boron (0.4 ppm) showed overall better performance, the vegetative parameters like tall statured plants (35.93 cm), number of leaves per plant (13.94), leaf length (19.83cm), leaf breadth (12.83 cm) and leaf area (224.87 cm2). Same treatment showed highest flower parameters like stalk length (38.64 cm), spathe length (12.50 cm), spathe width (9.00 cm) and spadix length (6.22 cm), among, post harvest studies the parameters like solution uptake (18.33 ml), spadix discoloration (26.50 days) and vase life of flower (31.33 days) and yield parameters like number of flowers (6.94 per plant), (62.46 per m2 area), (25678 per 500 m2 area), (514073.56 per hectare) and the maximum economic return was (1: 1.71) were recorded maximum in the same treatmentThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF ANTHURIUM VARIETIES UNDER SHADE NET CONDITION FOR YIELD AND QUALITY OF CUT FLOWER(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-28) SHRIDHARA; M. VenkateshaA study was conducted to evaluate the performance of ten Anthurium varieties under shade net condition at Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru during the year 2019-2020, The varieties included viz., Moments, Saint Royal, Fire, Tropical, Cheers, Angel, Midori Improved, Presence, Xavia and Carisma. Among the anthurium varieties, variety Presence recorded maximum plant height (29.65 cm) and maximum number of leaves per plant (5.32), variety Xavia recorded maximum leaf length (14.81 cm), leaf breadth (11.58 cm) and leaf area (145.87 cm2) at 150 days after planting. In case of flower quality and yield attributes, flower stalk length (44.54 cm), flower stalk diameter (4.61 mm), flower stalk girth (18.2 mm), spathe length (9.43 cm) and spathe width (10.07 cm) was maximum in variety Presence. similarly, it also recorded maximum number of flowers per plant (5.90). Spadix length (6.83 cm) was maximum in variety Angle. Varieties Cheers and Carisma showed a minimum spadix angle to spathe (46.58°, respectively). Maximum vase life was observed in variety Midori Improved (35.00 days). Study revealed that number of flowers per plant showed significant and positive correlation with number of leaves per plant and leaf area per plant. Highest benefit cost ratio was recorded in variety Presence (3.19). Among the Anthurium varieties studied, better performance in terms of vegetative growth and flower quality variety Presence was found superior, followed by variety Xavia and Angel for many of the vegetative and flower parameters under shade net condition.ThesisItem Open Access EFFICACY OF BIOSTIMULANTS ON PERFORMANCE AND FLOWER QUALITY OF CHINA ASTER (CALLISTEPHUS CHINENSIS L. NEES.) CV. POORNIMA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-28) AISHWARYA SHIVPURE; Vidya. A.China aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees.) is an important commercialornamental annual flower plant. A field experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of biostimulants on performance and flower quality of China aster cv. Poornima at Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three biostimulants via., Boron, Humic acid and Azospirillum at two different concentrations all together as treatments and was replicated thrice. The plants sprayedwithFYM + RDF + humic acid at 1.0 per cent recorded maximum plant height (61.50 cm), number of leaves (164.81), leaf area (18.53 cm2), stem girth (12.01 mm), number of primary branches (17.28) and secondary branches per plant (32.95), internodal length (7.04 cm), days to first flowering (59.44 days), days taken for 50 per cent flowering (67.22) and duration of flowering (70.33 days). With respect to number of buds per plant (43.67), number of flowers per plant (40.00), flower yield per plant (160g/plant), flower yield per square meter (1777.6 g/plant) and flower yield per hectare (17.7 t/ha), bigger sized flowers with a diameter (7.38 cm), individual flower weight (4.00 g), stalk length (37.25cm), shelf life and vase life (5.00 days and 9.45 days respectively) was recorded with T8 (FYM + RDF + Azospirillum 8.0 %). The economic analysis indicated that, foliar application of Azospirillum 8.0 per cent gave maximum B:C ratio (5.92).
