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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access INVESTIGATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ELITE MUTANTS INDUCED THROUGH PHYSICAL MUTAGEN FOR FLORAL TRAITS IN GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus hybrida L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-02-09) DEEPA V PAWADASHETTI; R. VASANTHA KUMARIAn experiment was conducted on investigation and identification of elite mutants induced through physical mutagen for floral traits in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrida L.) at floriculture unit, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during the years 2020-2022. The data from two generations revealed that 25 Gy gamma ray dosage had shown maximum variation in most of the vegetative, floral, corm and quality parameters. In M1 generation untreated corms of Arka Pratham (9.13 days) recorded minimum number of days for sprouting, maximum length of spike was observed in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (120.07 cm), maximum floret diameter was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (11.13 cm), maximum number of spikes per corm was recorded in Arka Amar corms treated with 25 Gy (1.80), maximum diameter of the corm was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (12.07 cm), maximum vase life of spikes was recorded in Arka Amar corms treated with 25 Gy (10.00 days). In M2 generation untreated corms in Arka Pratham (9.47 days) took minimum number of days for sprouting, , highest length of spike was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (120.87 cm), maximum floret diameter was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (11.13 cm), more number of spikes per corm was recorded in Arka Amar corms treated with 25 Gy (2.07), more diameter of the corm was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 25 Gy (12.60 cm), more vase life of spikes was recorded in Arka Amar corms treated with 25 Gy (10.53 days), more number of abnormal leaves was recorded in Arka Gold corms treated with 55 Gy (4.69). Among three varieties Arka Amar performed better i.e. maximum number of spikes per corm, number of florets per spike and vase life of spikes was recorded.ThesisItem Embargo EFFECT OF NANO NPK FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON GROWTH, FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY OF SAPOTA (Manilkara achras Mill Fosberg) Cv. KALIPATTI(2023-01-31) PRIYANKA MIRJI; SRINIVASAPPA, K. N.The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nano NPK fertilizer application on growth, fruit yield and quality of sapota (Manilkara achras Mill Fosberg) Cv. Kalipatti during the years 2020-21 and 2021-22. The pooled data from two successive years for sapota tree revealed that treatment consisting of 50 per cent RDF with foliar application of 0.3 per cent nano NPK fertilizer had significant influence on parameters like plant height (3.71 m), plant spread in East-West (8.83 m) and North- South (8.48 m) direction, less number of days taken for flower initiation (28.50 days), maximum number of flowers per shoot (39.00), per cent fruit set (81.67 %), less duration of flowering (28.00 days), fruit length (6.47 cm), fruit width (5.35 cm), fruit volume (77.33 ml), circumference of the fruit (23.70 cm), fruit weight at harvest stage (155.00 g) and at ripe stage (132.33 g), fruit pulp weight (25.17 g), number of fruits per shoot (32.00), number of fruits per tree (1441.33), average fruit weight (119.83 g), yield per tree (169.56 kg) and yield per hectare (16.96 t) with the benefit cost ratio of 7.77. The treatment consisting of 50 per cent RDF with foliar application of 0.2 per cent nano NPK fertilizer was recorded greater values for parameters like TSS (21.00 oBrix), shelf life (6.83 days), fruit firmness (72.51 N), physiological loss in weight of fruits (2.16 %), acidity (0.16 %) and overall acceptability of fruits (5.00). Chlorophyll content (2.17 mg/g), reducing and total sugars were found maximum (9.24 % and 22.02 % respectively) in treatment consisting of 50 per cent RDF with foliar application of 0.1 per cent nano NPK fertilizer.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-01-31) RAKESH BISWAS; M. ThimmarayappaA field experiment entitled “Effect of different organic manures on growth, yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)” was conducted at RIOF experiment block, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore during rabi 2021. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 11 treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that application of 100 percent N equivalent through biodigester liquid organic manure recorded significantly higher growth parameters like plant height (25.39 cm), number of leaf plant-1 (21.57) plant spread (45.17 cm2), number of days taken to head initiation (59.20 DAT) and number of days taken to head maturity (86.40 DAT) at harvest, yield attributes like diameter of head (14.29 cm), average weight of head (1240 g), yield of head plot-1 (40.53 kg) and yield of head ha-1 (240.36 q). Higher gross return Rs.6,00,900 ha-1) and net return (Rs.5,19,800 ha-1) was obtained with the application of 100 per cent N equivalent through biodigester liquid organic manure. Whereas, higher B:C ratio (7.75) was recorded with the application of 100 percent N equivalent through farm yard manure (FYM). Quality parameters like ascorbic acid (35.63 mg) and protein content in head (3.10 %) was obtained with the application of 100. percent N. equivalent. through vermicompost.ThesisItem Embargo STUDY ON IDEAL TREE CANOPY AND SEASONAL EFFECT ON GROWTH, FLOWER YIELD, OIL YIELD AND QUALITY OF YLANGYLANG (Cananga odorata Hook. F. and Thomson.)(2022-12-31) SEEMA BASAVARAJ TADASANAVAR; SRINIVASAPPA, K. N.An investigation entitled “Study on ideal tree canopy and seasonal effect on growth, flower yield, oil yield and quality of Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata Hook. F. and Thomson.)” was undertaken at aromatic crops field and quality analytical laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, during June 2021 to May 2022. The field experiment was laid out in the Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of twelve treatments replicated thrice, to study the effect of different levels of heading back (3, 4 and 5 feet) and floral bud inducer spray (control, 2, 3 and 4 %) on growth and yield parameters. The analysed pooled data revealed that trees headed back at 3 feet and sprayed with 2 % potassium nitrate produced maximum number of secondary branches per tree (109.22), number of leaves per tree (12550.29), number of flowers per tree (4383.29), length of green flower (8.68 cm) and yellow flower (8.96 cm), weight of green flower per tree (3812.31 g), weight of yellow flower per tree (2532.65 g) and oil yield (50.5 ml). The lab experiment was conducted to study the effect of distillation frequency (0, 3 and 6 hours after harvest) and stage of harvest (green and yellow) on oil recovery and composition. The analysed pooled data indicated that yellow flowers distilled 3 hours after harvest had maximum oil recovery (1.34 %). Linalool which determines quality of Ylang-ylang oil was found maximum (33.31 %) in yellow flower distilled 6 hours after harvest during Rabi season.ThesisItem Embargo IN VITRO REGENERATION STUDIES OF “SWEET ORANGE”Citrus sinensis L.Osbeck(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-12-13) AKHILA, B S; VENKATESH MURTHY, PSweet orange (Citrus sinensisL.Osbeck) is widely cultivating member of the citrus genus with immense nutritional values. The conventional propagation of sweet orange crop is being limited due to bud transmittable diseases and low success rate, therefore the present investigation was undertaken to develop a protocol for in vitro regeneration and production of multiple disease free shoots of Sweet orange.The nodal segments and seeds were used as explants. The surface sterilized explants were cultured on full strength MS media supplemented with different concentration and combination of plant growth regulators namely BAP, Kinetin and NAA. Better responses were observed with different combinations of growth regulators. The combination of BAP 1.0 mgL-1 + Kinetin 2.0 mgL-1 produced maximum number of shoots of 5.9 at 90 days after shoot initiation when nodal segments were used as explants. Whereas, for the seed explants maximum number of shoots (3.8) at 60 days after seed germination was obtained in BAP 0.5 mgL-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mgL-1. The nodal segment explants placed in different concentration of NAA did not show any shoot growth. Use of NAA for in vitro regeneration of sweet orange is not recommended either when used individually or in combination with other growth regulators, it produced only callus which did not regenerate further. The in vitro regenerated shoots were transferred to half strength MS media contains rooting hormones namely IBA and NAA at different concentration and IBA at 1.5 mgL-1 showed maximum number of roots as well as longer roots.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF SEASON ON FLOWERING, OIL YIELD, QUALITY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF YLANG-YLANG (Cananga odorata HOOK. F. AND THOMSON.)(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-27) L S, UDAY KUMAR; K. N., SRINIVASAPPA,An investigation was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, GKVK campus, University of Agricultural sciences, Bangalore to study the effect of season on flowering, oil yield, quality and antibacterial properties of Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata HOOK. F. AND THOMSON.). The experiment was conducted in two seasons (October-December and March-May) with six treatments in each season and three replications comprising 3 different distillation times and two flower stages. The maximum number of leaves per branch and per tree was found in season 1. The maximum number of flowers per branch (98.27) and per tree (1459.89) was observed in season 2. The highest weight of green flower (348.5 g) and yellow flower (249.78 g) per tree was also recorded in season 2. The maximum oil yield (13.91 ml) was found in season 2 (flowers harvested during the months of March-May). In season 1, the highest oil percentage of 1.87% was found when the flowers were distilled at green stage at 12.00 noon. In season 2, the highest oil percentage recorded was 1.27% with distillation of flowers in green stage at 12.00 noon. GC-MS analysis showed that the percentage composition of specific constituents of oil from the present study was comparable with first grade oil of Ylang-ylang as per Madagascar standards. The oil extracted from both the stages of flower showed inhibitory effect against human pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF PROMISING BLACK TURMERIC (Curcuma caesia ROXB.) GENOTYPES FOR GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-19) NITEESHKUMAR; K. N., SRINIVASAPPA,Eight promising black turmeric genotypes were studied for growth, yield, quality and antibacterial properties. Considerable variation was observed for all the DUS descriptors. Out of 25 characters studied, four were monomorphic, thirteen were dimorphic and eight were polymorphic characters. The growth parameters like days taken for field sprouting, plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots, leaf lamina length, leaf lamina width, leaf petiole length, plant diameter and leaf area was recorded periodically. The yield parameters like mother rhizome, primary rhizome and secondary rhizome characters, fresh rhizome yield and quality parameters such as dry recovery percentage, cured rhizome yield and biochemical profiling of methanolic rhizome extracts were studied. The findings of the study indicated that among eight genotypes, the genotype GKJ-5 recorded significantly superior values for plant height (123.07 cm), number of leaves (38.20), number of shoots (7.46), leaf lamina length (17.72 cm), lamina width (49.40 cm), leaf petiole length (28.24 cm), plant diameter (16.98 cm), leaf area (6434.17 cm2), fresh rhizome yield (48.07 t/ha) and cured rhizome yield (9.85 t/ha) followed by genotypes GKB-3 & GKM-2 for growth, yield and quality parameters. Three genotypes out of eight such as GKM-2, GKB-3 & GKJ-5 were noted as adaptable genotypes to local condition. Biochemical profiling of methanolic rhizome extract confirmed intraspecific diversity in the chemical composition of genotypes with respect to the geographical distribution. The antibacterial activity for selected bacteria was also studied. The extracts exhibited positive results against the clinically important selected Gram positive bacteria.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) GENOTYPES FOR GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-14) SWATHI, B.; SIDDAGANGAIAHCucumber is an important vegetable belongs to family Cucurbitaceae. It is grown for its tender fruits, which are consumed either raw or as salad. Around seventeen diverse genotypes of cucumber were collected from different indigenous sources and were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during rabi season of 2020-21 of January to April in the Department of Horticulture, GKVK, Bengaluru and were assessed to know variability, correlation, path analysis, divergence studies, sex expression, yield and quality parameters. High heritability coupled with high genetic gain was observed for average fruit weight, number of fruits per vine and fruit yield per vine. Fruit yield per vine was positively and significantly correlated with average fruit weight, number of male flowers per vine, fruit length, number of female flowers per vine, days to last harvest of the fruit and fruit diameter. Fruit yield per vine had the maximum positive direct contribution towards average fruit weight followed by number of fruits per vine, number of male flowers per vine, internodal length and fruit length. Different genotypes of cucumber were grouped in five major clusters. Cluster 1 was the largest group consisting of 11 genotypes which was followed by cluster 3 (3 genotypes), cluster 2, cluster 4 and cluster 5 had single genotype. Fruit yield per vine showed positive and high significant correlation with TSS, flesh thickness and physiological loss in weight. Maximum fruit yield per vine was observed for Sirsi Local- 1 followed by Sirsi Local-2 and Davangere Local.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZINC AND BORON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ANTHURIUM(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-01-14) ARUNA TOTAD; VASANTHA KUMARI, R.Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) is the best known in global market for its flower which is colored modified leaf (spathe) and a pencil-like protrusion (spadix) borne on leafless stalk or peduncle. A field trial was conducted in Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2020-2021 to assess the “Effect of foliar application of Zinc and Boron on growth and yield of Anthurium”. The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design and use of micronutrients viz., Zinc (zinc sulphate) and Boron (boric acid). The treatments were replicated thrice and the foliar application was carried out on 30th, 60th and 90th day after transplanting. Foliar application of Zinc (0.4 ppm) + Boron (0.4 ppm) showed overall better performance, the vegetative parameters like tall statured plants (35.93 cm), number of leaves per plant (13.94), leaf length (19.83cm), leaf breadth (12.83 cm) and leaf area (224.87 cm2). Same treatment showed highest flower parameters like stalk length (38.64 cm), spathe length (12.50 cm), spathe width (9.00 cm) and spadix length (6.22 cm), among, post harvest studies the parameters like solution uptake (18.33 ml), spadix discoloration (26.50 days) and vase life of flower (31.33 days) and yield parameters like number of flowers (6.94 per plant), (62.46 per m2 area), (25678 per 500 m2 area), (514073.56 per hectare) and the maximum economic return was (1: 1.71) were recorded maximum in the same treatment
