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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access PERFORMANCE OF CHERRY TOMATO [Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme (Dunnal) A. Gray] UNDER OPEN FIELD AND POLYHOUSE CONDITIONS WITH VARIED LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTIGATION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) ARSHAD; NARASE GOWDA, N.C.The investigation on “Performance of cherry tomato [Solanum lycopersicum L var. cerasiforme (Dunnal) A. Gray] under open and polyhouse conditions with varied levels of nitrogen and phosphorus fertigation” was carried out at the Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during summer 2017. There were 12 treatment combinations comprising of two growing conditions (open field and polyhouse), three levels of nitrogen (120, 150 and 180 kg N ha-1) and two levels of phosphorus (100 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1) supplied through fertigation with recommended potassium (150 kg ha-1) as a common dose. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Result revealed that plant height and number of leaves per plant at 120 DAT (384.39 cm and 49.33 respectively), fresh and dry weights (3.00 kg and 446.51 g plant-1, respectively), nitrogen balance index (48.56), total leaf area per plant (6293 cm2), mean fruit weight (15.84 g), TSS content (6.30 ºB), shelf life (15.66 days) and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (181.41, 30.72 and 159.88 kg ha-1 respectively) were significantly higher under polyhouse condition with fertigation level of 180:120 kg N:P2O5 ha-1 (C1N3P2). However, significantly higher number of fruits per plant (316.63), yield per plant (4.46 kg), yield per hectare (78.16 t), Shelf life (15.66 days), net returns ha-1 (Rs.1294081) and cost benefit ratio (4.81) were observed under open field condition with fertigation level of 150:120 kg N: P2O5 ha-1 (C2N2P2). Further, it can be concluded from the study that application of 150:120 kg N: P2O5 ha-1 through fertigation under open field condition is profitable especially during summer season in the Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka.ThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF POSTHARVEST DISEASE OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-27) MARUTHI, B. V.; RAMAKRISHNA, B.M.Papaya is an important fruit crop. Among the several disease anthracnose caused by Collototrichum gleosporides is one of the most devastating pathogen which causes severe postharvest losses. A survey was conducted to asses postharvest disease of papaya in local and super markets in and around Bengaluru. The data revealed that maximum disease was found in Raitha santhe yelahanka wheras leas disease index was found in Relaince fresh yelahanka. The incidence and percentage of postharvest diseases varied considerably from season to season. Several factors could be involved, most specifically the climate. Maximum diseases were seen in hot summer months (March – May) whereas less incidence of diseases was recorded in the cool winter months (November to January). Anthracnose of papaya is characterized by as small round dark area on ripening portion which enlarge rapidly forming circular, slightly sunken and water soaked lesions having dark margins with black center and under humid condition pinkish spore masses were formed on the affected fruit and frequently produced in a concentric ring. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. appeared either as small circular, water soaked spots on ripening fruit. As the spots develop, they become sunken, turn brown or black pinkish orange area are formed by conidial masses that cover lesion. The efficacy of various postharvest treatments on anthracnose of papaya Cv. Red lady revealed that postharvest dip in difenconazole at 0.1 percent for 5 minutes was most effective in controlling the disease with percentage disease index(PDI) of 25.64 per cent with maximum shelf life of 11.50 days. This was followed by fruit dip in hot water at 50o C for fifteen minutes. The work has revealed that hot water treatment played a role in inhibiting ethylene production and respiration rate, with PDI of 26.31%, shelf life of 11.47 days where as shelf life of control fruits was 7.20 days.which may be responsible for its effect on controlling fruit pathogens, as well on inducing the fruit physiological change.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ENHANCED SHOOT PROLIFERATION FREQUENCY IN TWO SELECTED CLONES OF NANJANGUDU RASABALE (Musa AAB)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-11) ASHITH, K. J.; GOPINATH, G.Nanjangudu Rasabale`(NR) is a dessert banana ecospecies classified under the group ‘silk’ having genotype AAB. The Cavendish clones being the first choice for the researchers and entrepreneurs, cultivation of Nanjangudu rasabale, which is severely affected with devastating Panama wilt disease has not got considerable attention from farmers. In the present investigation, Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with emblica fruit pulp extract alone or in combination with Urea, 6- Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin were used to study the shoot proliferation frequency in two selected elite clonal selections with distinct characters such as soft pulp in NRB-14 and high suckering habit in NRB-26. Experiments conducted to investigate on enhanced shoot proliferation frequency invitro of two selected elite clones of Nanjangudu Rasabale showed that MS media supplemented with 18 ml per litre of emblica fruit pulp extract proved to be more effective for increased shoot proliferation (4.5 mean number of shoots) and shoot growth in NRB-14. Murashige and Skoog’s media supplemented with 5 mg and 7 mg per litre of BAP in combination with 12 ml and 18 ml per litre of emblica fruit pulp extract showed increased shoot proliferation (2.17 mean number of shoots) in both clones NRB-14 and NRB-26. Combination of 5 mg and 7 mg per litre of Kinetin with 18 ml per litre of emblica fruit pulp extract also showed increased shoot proliferation frequency (2.00 mean number of shoots The study showed that supplementation of emblica fruit pulp extract at a concentration of 18 ml per litre was found to increase shoot proliferation frequency in both the clones, NRB-14 AND NRB-26.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF CERTAIN CHEMICALS AND WAX SOLUTION ON STORAGE BEHAVIOUR OF COORG MANDARIN (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) UNDER ROOM TEMPERATURE AND COLD STORAGE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-10-13) PAVITHRA, Y.; Mukunda, G. K.The lab experiments were conducted to study the effect of certain chemicals and wax solution on storage behavior of Coorg Mandarin ( Citrus reticulata Blanco.) under room temperature and cold storage at the Division of Horticulture, UAS, Bangalore. The results revealed that the fruits coated with citrosol wax ( 18 % ) and stored under room temperature and cold storage conditions recorded significantly higher fruit weight (95.99g and 96.07 g ), maximum shelf-life ( 19.67 days and 45.67 days ), lower physiological loss in weight ( 5.32 % and 5.21 %), higher juice content ( 40.89 % and 41.04 %), higher peel and rag weight ( 55.11 % and 55.03 % ), higher titratable acidity ( 0.54 % and 0.56 %), higher ascorbic acid ( 32.67 mg/100 g and 32.03 mg/100g ), lower TSS content ( 10.27 º Brix and 10.08 º Brix), lower total sugars ( 7.14 % and 7.52 %), reducing sugar ( 2.86 % and 2.93 % ), non reducing sugar ( 4.28 % and 4.59 %) and higher sensory scores for appearance of fruit ( 7.93 and 8.20 ), colour of fruit rind ( 8.22 and 8.34 ), texture of fruit ( 8.16 and 8.36 ), taste of segments ( 8.30 and 8.32 ) and overall acceptability ( 8.28 and 8.31 ) after 18 days and 42 days of storage respectively. In general, higher shelf-life and good quality fruits were obtained from cold storage conditions compared to room temperature.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF GERBERA (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) Cv. SINGAPORE YELLOW UNDER PROTECTED CONDITION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-22) AKSHATHA, M.V.; VASANTHA KUMARI, R.Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) commonly known as Transvaal Daisy, Barberton Daisy and African Daisy is an ideal flower widely used as a cut flower besides for beds, pots, borders and rock gardens. Gerbera is native to South African and Asiatic regions and belongs to the family Compositae. It is one of the most popular commercial cut flowers in the world and according to the global ranking it occupies the sixth place among the cut flowers (Datta, 2006). The flowers are found in a wide range of colours and size with good keeping quality, lending them attractive to different floral arrangements. Global trade in cut flowers is estimated as 40 billion US dollars. Indian floriculture industry is growing at a compound annual growth rate (CGAR) of 25 per cent over the past decade (Ponnuswamy et al., 2011). Indian flower export markets are estimated at 11 billion US dollars at present and expected to grow up to 20 billion US dollars by 2020 (Agarwal, 2011). The culture of exchanging flower bouquets, flower arrangements, boosting per capita income, growing affluence of middle class, changing life styles, western culture mix and the concept of “saying it with flowers” have revolutionized the domestic cut flower market by increase in per capita consumption of flowers in India (Sharma, 2011).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF GERBERA (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) Cv. SINGAPORE YELLOW UNDER PROTECTED CONDITION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-22) AKSHATHA, M.V.; VASANTHA KUMARI, R.Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) commonly known as Transvaal Daisy, Barberton Daisy and African Daisy is an ideal flower widely used as a cut flower besides for beds, pots, borders and rock gardens. Gerbera is native to South African and Asiatic regions and belongs to the family Compositae. It is one of the most popular commercial cut flowers in the world and according to the global ranking it occupies the sixth place among the cut flowers (Datta, 2006). The flowers are found in a wide range of colours and size with good keeping quality, lending them attractive to different floral arrangements. Global trade in cut flowers is estimated as 40 billion US dollars. Indian floriculture industry is growing at a compound annual growth rate (CGAR) of 25 per cent over the past decade (Ponnuswamy et al., 2011). Indian flower export markets are estimated at 11 billionThesisItem Open Access SCREENING OF GRAIN AMARANTH (Amaranthus spp.) GENOTYPES FOR NATURAL COLOUR(2017-08-08) LAKSHMI; Vasundhara, M.Grain amaranth is utilized for its grain, as it has exceptional nutritional quality. But it also has a high anthocyanin pigment (natural color). The colour is majorly distributed in inflorescence and leaves that are discarded after harvesting grains. An attempt was made to screen fourteen coloured grain amaranth genotypes procured from All India Co-ordinated Research Network on Potential Crops (AICRN) collections for Total Anthocyanin Content (TAC) over two seasons. Significant variation for TAC was found within the genotypes and over the seasons. Significant influence of growing season on anthocyanin content as well as grain yield was observed. Genotypes grown during Jan- April recorded significantly high TAC compared to the crop grown during Oct-Dec. Significantly high grain yield was in Oct-Dec compared to Jan-April. The pooled data of grain yield from two seasons showed significant variation among the fourteen genotypes. In season 1(Oct-Dec, 2016), genotype ICO95510 recorded significantly high anthocyanin content compared to check 1 and check 2. In season 2(Jan-April, 2017), genotype SKGPA-86 recorded significantly high anthocyanin content over check 1 variety (GA-2). Pooled data indicated that the genotype SKGPA-86 recorded significantly high TAC. However, the grain yield was significantly high in genotype KBGA-7. Correlation studies for sixteen characteristics of grain amaranth revealed that grain yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height, leaves weight, inflorescence weight, inflorescence length and was significantly negatively correlated with TAC. As the TAC increased, the grain yield decreased.ThesisItem Open Access INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN BLACK CUMIN (Nigella sativa L.)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-08) NUTHANA, G.; SREERAMU, B. S.A field experiment on “Integrated nutrient management in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)” was conducted at the Department of Horticulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore during rabi season of 2016-17. The treatment comprised of four levels of RDF (25, 50, 75 and 100 %), four levels of nitrogen through farm yard manure (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) with and without biofertilizer (Azospirillum, Bacillus megaterium and Frateuria aurantia) seed treatment. Application of 75 per cent RDF + 25 per cent N through FYM + Biofertilizer seed treatment recorded the maximum values for all the growth, yield and quality parameters such as plant height (75.72 cm), plant spread (546.27 cm2), number of primary branches (6.75), number of leaves per plant (100.40), dry matter accumulation (18.22 g), number of pods per plant (38.13), size of pod (4.67 cm2), number of seeds per pod (95.33), seed yield per plant (7.68 g), seed yield per hectare (1493 kg ha-1), fixed oil content (40.54 %), fixed oil yield (605.10 kg ha-1) and highest uptake of NPK (94.44 kg ha-1, 11.42 kg ha- 1 and 71.66 kg ha-1, respectively). The highest gross returns (Rs. 447999 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 391395 ha-1) and B:C ratio (7.91) were also recorded in the same treatment. Thus, it can be concluded that, integrated use of organic manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizers along with bio-fertilizers is ideal for maximizing growth, seed and oil yields of black cumin.ThesisItem Open Access INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) UNNATHI-F1 HYBRID UNDER OPEN AND PROTECTED CONDITION(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-03) MOUNIKA., K; Krishna Manohar, R.A study was conducted at Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC), Division of Horticulture, UAS, GKVK during 2016-17 to determine the Effect of Integrated nutrient management in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Unnathi-F1 hybrid under open and protected condition with eight treatments and three replicates, in combination of bio-fertilizers with 80 per cent of NPK and one control. The results revealed that, the plants grown under polyhouse condition recorded significantly maximum plant height (40.17 cm), number of leaves (16), leaf width (33 cm) , leaf length (30.33cm) and plant spread (41.60 cm) in treatment T8- 80 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers + Azotobacter+ PSB + Pseudomonas fluorescens. The same treatment also recorded higher head diameter (17 cm), head weight (1.45 kg), days taken for head formation(50 days),days taken for harvest (70 days), highest yield per plot (17.85 kg plot-1), yield per hectare (59.5 tons ha-1), Ascorbic acid content (46.66 mg) and protein content (7.05 %). Similarly highest cost benefit ratio (1.65:1) was also obtained in the same treatment. Hence, it can be concluded that 80 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers (120:80:100kg NPK ha-1) + Azotobacter + PSB + Pseudomonas fluorescens helps in improving growth, yield and quality of cabbage grown under polyhouse condition as compared to the same traits in the crop under open field condition.