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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2014 - 201922020 - 20222
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Subject: Entomology × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON INSECT PESTS AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN DIFFERENT CROP GROWTH STAGES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A WEATHER-BASED PEST FORECASTING MODEL FOR PIGEONPEA
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-07-19) HONNAKERAPPA, S. BALLARI; THIPPAIAH, M
    The experiment was conducted during Kharif, 2019 and 2020 at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Gandhi Krsihi Vignan Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences,Bengaluru to know the diversity, effect of different sowing dates and weather forecasting model for major insect pests in pigeonpea. The crop was infested by forty insect pests belonging to twenty-seven families under eight orders at various phenophases. Thirtyspecies of natural enemies contributed significantly to decline in different pest populations. In pigeonpea ecosystem, coccinellids and hoverflies were found to feed on aphids, whereas spiders preyed on mirid bugs and pod flies. Similarly, braconid and eulophid parasitoids found parasitising pod borer complex. The highest species count of 23 at flowering and pod-forming stages and highest Simpson diversity, Margalef, Shannon Weiner and Berger-Parker Index value and lowest Pielou’s index value indicated that pigeonpea ecosystem had a rich diversity of insects and natural enemies at reproductive crop stage. Among major pests except, pod fly, early sown pigeonpea hadthe lowest populations than late sown crop. Similarly, late sowing resulted in increasedpod and seed damage, and decrease in grain yield. Relative humidity during morning hours exhibited a significant positive correlation (r=0.103*) with moth catches of during 2019–20. Weather forecasting model developed for by using present and historical data (2015 to 2019) for 12 standard meteorological weeks (SMWs) showed coefficient of determination (R2) value ranged from 0.40 to 0.84. The model was validated through 2020 year data and average accuracy of all 12 SMWs was 75.5 per cent. However, before being applied it in farmer fields, the derived models may be further validated in experimental fields with regard to forewarning of pest in real-time basis. Implementation of plant protection measure based on forewarning system may be useful improving yield and minimising cost of plant protection.
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    ThesisItemEmbargo
    Functional ecology and odour perception strategies of pollinators in onion, Allium cepa L.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2022-09-28) DIVIJA, S. D.; Kamala Jayanthi, P. D.
    Onion, Allium cepa L. totally depend on pollinators for cross pollination as self-pollination is absent due to protandry. In insect-pollinated crop, the presence of flower is advertised by visual and olfactory cues. Currently, in A. cepa, there is no information on floral VOCs emissions vis-à-vis pollinator response. Keeping in view the above research gaps the present experiment was conducted during 2019-2021 at ICAR- IIHR, Bengaluru, India. A total of fifty-nine floral visitors corresponded to Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera were documented from onion. Anthophilous insects majorly visited A. cepa flowers to collect nectar (81.59%). Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry study revealed the temporal variation in the onion floral volatile emissions across the different time periods of a day viz., morning (0800-1100 hrs), afternoon (1100-1400 hrs) and evening (1400-1700 hrs). Electroantennogram (EAG) studies revealed that bees (A. cerana, A. florea, A. dorsata and T. iridipennis) significantly get attracted towards morning and afternoon volatile emissions of onion flowers. GCEAD studies revealed that floral visitors don’t cue on all floral volatiles, but only a few compounds in the floral bouquet to locate flowers. Onion plants under eCO2 had a positive influence on nectar, pollen and quantity of scent emission. Even with changed volatile profiles under eCO2 condition, the bees tend to respond in a similar way. Electroantennogram (EAG) studies with EAD active synthetic chemicals revealed that floral visitors not only rely on the most common compounds to forage, but as well may learn about other compounds specific to a flower to increase their foraging efficiency. This study will further strengthen our understanding in chemical ecology covering question of info chemicals involved in plant-pollinators interaction. This study serves as a pilot study for the future chemo-behavioral studies in onion pollinators where such information is very limited in the Indian context.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF FLOWER VISITORS IN BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.) POLLINATION AND SEED PRODUCTION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2016-10-16) THARINI, K. B.; KHADER KHAN, H.
    Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is one of the most popular, annual tropical vegetable crops probably originated in South East Asia. It is widely grown in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, China and tropical Africa. It is a monoecious climbing type herbaceous crop belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, which consists of 130 genera and 900 species. Depending on the location, it is known by different names- balsam pear, bitter melon, bitter cucumber and African cucumber (Heiser, 1979).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of elevated carbon dioxide, temperature, plant secondary metabolites on biology and molecular diversity of melon fruit fly Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2014-06-10) SUBHASH BEEMASHEPPA, KANDAKOOR; chakravarthy, a k
    Climate change may lead to expansion or intensification of damage to cucurbit groups by melon fruit fly. Global warming may also impact management practices which are currently being practiced against melon fruit fly in cultivated ecosystems. Therefore, biological studies under elevated temperature and CO2 levels were carried out in the laboratory. As the temperature increased beyond 240C the mortality of melon fruit fly increased from 19.07 % at 240C to 100 % at 360C. Melon fruit fly exhibited almost normal growth and development at 240C. Levels of elevated carbon dioxide (380 and 570 ppm) did not elicit varied response to melon fruit fly growth and development. In a given cucurbit vegetables and varieties, levels of phenols, tannins, sugars and proteins significantly influenced in rendering the resistance or susceptible. Phenols and tannins assist the cucurbit fruits in defending against the attack of melon fruit fly while sugars and proteins make it vulnerable for the cucurbits to fruit fly damage. Estimates on activity of antioxidant enzymes viz., POD, SOD, PAL and CAT revealed that high activity in chow chow and bottle gourd did not support the growth and development of melon fruit fly. For instance, in chow chow, the peroxidase activity increased two folds from healthy (6.14 μmoles min-1mg protein) to affected fruits (11.33 μmoles min-1mg protein) and exhibited increased peroxidase activity of 252% more activity compared to snake gourd with only 84.13% increase. The SOD showed increased activity of 39.16% from healthy to apparently healthy fruits compared to only 10.52% increase in snake gourd which is highly susceptible. Similarly, increased PAL activity of 389% more in apparently healthy fruits compared with healthy fruits and only 17.61% increase was observed in snake gourd. In contrary to the above enzymes, the maximum decrease in catalase activity was observed in chow chow i.e. 56.62% compared to snake gourd which showed increased activity of 7.75%. Molecular diversity of melon fruit fly populations are genetically heterogenous across different climatic zones of Karnataka. This indicted that, further studies involving ITS markers are essential for detecting differences among genetically different populations. Such studies are essential as they provide crucial information for developing management practices in different agroclimatic zones.