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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: ASHOK, SURWENSHI ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS AND INDUCTION OF MALE STERILITY IN RABI SORGHUM
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2005-06-20) ASHOK, SURWENSHI; V. P. CHIMMAD
    ABSTRACT Field experiments were conducted during rabi season 2000-01 and 2001-02 to study the heterosis for different phenological, physiological, biochemical parameters, yield and yield components and induction of male sterility by using gametocides in rabi sorghum. Investigations were carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad on medium black soil under rainfed conditions. The field experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The pooled analysis of experimental data of two years for various parameters indicated that the hybrids and their parents differed significantly with respect to phenological parameters. The hybrids 401A x DRR-3, 401A X DRR-2 and 117A x DRR-2 had less number of days to 50% flowering and physiological maturity, while eight hybrids showed negative heterosis. The hybrids 117A x DRR-2, 117A x DRR-3 and 117A x DRR-1, which yielded higher also recorded higher dry matter in leaf, stem, ear, TDM and also for growth parameters (CGR, RGR, AGR, NAR). This was also confirmed by the positive heterosis by hybrids. The hybrids 117A x DRR-5, 117A x DRR-3 and 117A X DRR-2 showed significantly higher positive heterosis for chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal resistant, RWC and epicuticular wax content. The hybrid 117A x DRR-2, 117A x DRR-5 and 117A x DRR-3 had shown positive heterosis for leaf area, LAI, SLA and SLW. Leaf anatomical traits such as VLF and IVD, the hybrids 117A x DRR-2 and 117A x DRR-3 had shown significant positive heterosis. The heterosis ranged from -9.58 to 85.85 over mid-parent, while it ranged from -14.26 to 54.55 over better-parent for grain yield per plant. Five hybrids viz., 117A x DRR-5, 117A x DRR-3, 117A x DRR-1, 117A x DRR-2 showed significant positive heterosis for grain yield. It was also observed that grain yield had positive significant association with TDM, chlorophyll, RWC, epicuticular wax content, IVD, VLF and HI. Application of maleic hydrazide (MH) 500 ppm and 750 ppm at 38 and 47 DAS recorded complete sterility of male and female gametes in the inflorescence. During successive year MH @ 500 ppm applied at 35 DAS recorded 64.6 per cent male sterility as against 6.28 per cent in control. Further, it also recorded lower activity of peroxidase enzyme in pollen, as it was attributed to sterility.