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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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20151
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Subject: Botany × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2013 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Determination of Biological Activities and Phytochemical Characterization of Selected Bryophytes
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-08) Negi, Kavita; Chaturvedi, Preeti
    The use of antibiotics is one of the most common means of treatment of diseases. However, prolonged use of drugs slowly develops resistance in microbial pathogens. Therefore, alternate methods of disease control needs to be searched upon. Different plant groups have been reported to possess antimicrobial efficacy against number of plant and human pathogens. Very little attention is given to lower plants like bryophytes though they are known to possess unique chemoprofile. Therefore, here an effort was made to determine the biological activity of acetone and ethanol/methanol (80%) extracts of 14 bryophyte species viz. Asterella wallichiana, Conocephalum conicum, Marchantia palmata, Reboulia hemispherica, Pellia endiviifolia, Conocephalum conicum, Leucodon secundus, Rhynchostegium vagans, Atrichum undulatum, Thuidium cymbifolium, Anoectangium thomsonii, and Campylopus gracilis against plethora of bacteria and fungi. Extraction of the plant was done by both cold extraction and soxhlet extraction. The yield was better when both the extraction procedures were used simultaneously. Both acetone and alcoholic extracts of tested plants showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity against all the six bacteria viz., Escherchia coli, Bacillus cereus, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus. Out of six tested bacteria, S. aureus was found as the most sensitive bacteria followed by E. coli and S. enterica. Among all the tested fungi, Aspergillus flavus was found to be most sensitive followed by A. parasiticus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Colletotrichum falcatum. Methanolic extract of C. conicum collected from Dwarahat showed minimum MIC (125μg/ml) and MFC (250μg/ml) against F. oxysporum. Further, green house experiments confirmed the potential of C. conicum as an efficient biocontrol agent to control fusarial wilt disease in tomato. SEM studies also helped in confirmation of biocontrol potential of C. conicum to control both A. flavus and A.parasiticus as evident from the structural anomalies in hyphae and conidia. Biochemical profiling of potent extracts revealed that methanolic extract of C. conicum showed highest antioxidant activity extract determined as percent DPPH radical scavenging activity (90.17±1.63%) with lowest IC50 (1.62±0.86μg/mL). The highest total phenolic content was observed in methanolic extract of C. conicum collected from Dwarahat (263±5.495 mg GAE/g) followed by the methanolic extract of C. conicum from Mukteshawar (247.66±1.3295mg GAE/g). The total flavonoid content (mg quercetin/g) was also highest in methanolic extract of C. conicum from Dwarahat (96.86±0.92) followed by the methanolic extract of C. conicum from Mukteshawar (92.05±0.25 mg GAE/g). GC-MS analysis clearly showed presence of bis(bibenjzyl derivatives), Riccardin C, steroids, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids (Ledol, Spathulenol, Isochepan B),saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in higher amounts in the active extracts. The acetone extract of C. conicum was reported to have 50 % Riccardin C, a powerful antifungal agent. The presence of novel bioactive compounds in bryophytes helped in validation of their use in ethno pharmacology. It also emphasized upon their potential role in plant and animal health management.