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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF COCONUT CROP IN DISTRICTS OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, 2013-06-01) PADMA PRIYADARSHINI, G; SURENDRA, H SIn India, Karnataka stands second in area (419 thousand hectare) and third in production (1492 thousand million nuts) of coconut. In Karnataka, Tumkur is the largest producer of coconut with the production of 9945.66 lakh nuts (2010). An attempt is made to study the area, production and productivity of coconut crop in districts of Karnataka. The analysis is based on secondary data taken from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Karnataka for the period 1982-2009. The results establish an increasing shift of coconut cropped area (130.14%), production (203.65%) and productivity (112.71%) for the period 1982-2009. Three models viz., Linear, power and exponential were fitted for comparison based on R2 value reveals that 5 districts indicating power model and 9 districts showing exponential model for area. Three districts with power model and 6 districts with exponential model as best fit for coconut production. Three indices have been used, viz., Herfindhal-Hirschman’s index, Instability index and sustainability index of area and production of coconut crop. The Hirschman’s index showed highest in Tumkur followed by Hassan and Chitradurga district revealing the higher specialization for the period 1982-2009. Instability index was found to be the least in Tumkur as compared to Chitradurga and Hassan district. Highest sustainability noticed in Tumkur followed by Chitradurga and Hassan district during 1982-2009 in both area and production. To study the temporal variability, regression analysis with maximum R2 noticed in Tumkur, Hassan and Chitradurga districts for the periods in both area and production.ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL METHODS FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF MULTIPLE OUTLIERS IN DESIGNED EXPERIMENTS(University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, 2013-08-05) DINESH, S INAMADAR; Venugopalan, RDesign of experiments is the backbone of agricultural research experiments. Adopting RCBD, with an aim to statistically test the significance of several treatments, a given treatment is replicated ‘r’ times to assess its power of repeatability for a trait. However, it so happens that replicated values may not follow a normal pattern but have some outliers/aberrant data, leading to non-significant results in ANOVA. It is also not advised to delete them as the basic principle of randomization will be violated and every observation may carry some useful information for crop scientists to exploit. This calls for employing a robust analysis approach, which gives suitable weights to those outliers based on observed pattern of replications, extracts some information and ensures statistical adequacy. Foregoing thoughts were elucidated by adopting robust ANOVA techniques for comparing various pollination methods (treatments) on seed yield and related traits of Brinjal crop. Cook’s distance measure was computed to identify the outliers in the experimental data. Robust analysis, across eight traits, based on Huber’s and Andrew’s M-estimation methods resulted decreased error mean square as high as 90.03 per cent coupled with 97.17 per cent decrease in Probability of Type 1 error and 85.02 per cent decrease in error mean square coupled with 86.01 per cent decrease in Probability of Type 1 error, respectively. It was observed that by adopting suitable Mestimation procedure, a researcher, without removing an outlier could arrive at required inference about the treatmental differences without violating basic principles of experimental designs.ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF COST OF CULTIVATION OF MAJOR CROPS IN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2013-10-21) NAVEEN, N C; SURENDRA, H SIn Karnataka, agriculture continues to be the major source of livelihood for roughly two third of its population. Study on farm income and welfare of farmers is essential to monitor or assess welfare of overall development of the economy. The present study attempts to know status of farmers in cultivation of crops like Paddy, Maize, Tur, Bengalgram, Groundnut and Sunflower of Karnataka state. The study is based on secondary data on area, production, productivity and factor wise cost of cultivation data of Rice, Maize, Tur, Bengalgram, Sunflower and Groundnut crops in Karnataka. Data was collected for the period from 1990-91 to 2009-10 from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Karnataka. Among growth rate of area, production and productivity of six crops Groundnut and Sunflower shown negative significant result for area and Groundnut shown negative significant result in Production. Among growth rate of inputs of seed, fertilizer, manure, human labour, animal labour and insecticides all six crops had shown positive significant result. In resource use efficiency of crops Maize (0.97) noticed highest returns to scale followed by Tur (0.93), Sunflower (0.92), Groundnut (0.87), Paddy (0.83) and Bengalgram (0.76). Among Cost concepts total cost expenditure per hectare was found in Paddy (Rs.27248) followed by Groundnut (Rs.15309), Maize (Rs.15058), Bengalgram (Rs.12236), Tur (Rs. 10998) and Sunflower (Rs.10244). Among returns per rupee Bengalgram has highest returns of Rs. 1.51 followed by Tur (Rs. 1.39), Groundnut (Rs. 1.29), Maize (Rs 1.28), Sunflower (Rs. 1.24) and Paddy (Rs. 1.18).ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL STUDY OF ARRIVALS AND PRICES OF MAIZE IN SELECTED MARKETS OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2013-09-23) SHRUTHI, M; Krishnamurthy, K NAnalysis of prices and market arrivals over time is important to know the fluctuations in them and it helps to formulate appropriate ways and means for reducing price fluctuations of agricultural commodities. In this direction, trends in arrivals and prices of maize were studied in selected markets of Karnataka. Monthly time series data over a period of 21 years for Bagalkot and Belgaum markets indicated a raising trend. Analysis of seasonal fluctuations revealed that prices were at its peak during the months of March to May and begins to decline. During July and August, the prices were low. Different forecasting models like Trend analysis, Exponential smoothing models and Box-Jenkins models were considered to produce forecast and to measure the forecast accuracy among selected different models. In case of Bagalkot and Belgaum markets price forecast by Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) (1,1,1) model was best validated with the higher correlation coefficient and low coefficient of variation indicating the best model for forecasting both the markets. Market integration was studied between price pairs of maize in three regional markets of Karnataka using co-integration approach for daily wholesale maize prices over the period of one year from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2012.Results showed that regional markets of maize have strong price linkages and thus are spatially integrated. Bi directional influences were seen to be exerted by Bagalkot and Davangere markets on Belgaum market.ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF SOIL AND YIELD PROPERTIES IN LONG TERM FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-07-25) KARTHIK KUMAR, V; MANJUNATH, VOptimum fertilizer usage is a key factor in increasing agriculture production and at the same time maintaining the soil fertility. Long term fertilizer experiments are repositories of valuable information regarding the sustainability of intensive agriculture. Hence, it was important to study the long term impact of fertilizer application on crop yield along with the influence of weather parameters. The 26 years data from 1987-2012 of soil properties and crop yield for the study were collected from AICRP on LTFE and weather data was obtained from the weather observatory center situated in the campus of GKVK, UAS, Bangalore. The data was analysed using Multivariate analysis of variance technique in order to see the differences, if any exist in the soil nutrients following the long term fertilizer application on the same plots. The principal component regression analysis was adopted as the ordinary regression analysis was found not suitable due to the presence of Multicollinearity and hence, to understand the effect of different soil properties and the influence of weather factors on the grain and straw yield in long term fertilizers application. The long term application of the same fertilizers had a significant effect on available micro nutrient in the soil. Due to change in the soil properties and available nutrients by applying fertilizers showed an impact on the grain and straw yield of the crop studied. It was also seen different weather factors during different stages of crop growth and development had different influence on the crop yield.ThesisItem Open Access STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERS ON ELITE MULBERRY GENOTYPE(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-07-22) BHAVYASHREE, S; Krishnamurthy, K NSixteen mulberry genotypes were evaluated over six seasons of two years 2011 and 2012.The parameters computed were single leaf area, 100 fresh leaf weight, moisture content, moisture retention capacity at 6, 12, 24 hours and leaf yield. The material for this study was collected from the experiment conducted by the Department of Sericulture, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that all the tests are significant at 5% level indicating that none of the treatment genotypes are parallel or at the same level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that 100 fresh leaf weight had the highest positive direct effect on leaf yield. Moisture content and moisture retention capacity at 12 hours had the next highest direct effect. Hence, selection based on these traits would ultimately improve the leaf yield of mulberry genotypes. Three different models Eberhart and Russell, Perkins and Jinks and Freeman and Perkins were used to study the stability of yield and yield attributing characters of mulberry. Three different stability parameters were considered while assessing the genotypes are mean performance of genotypes, regression coefficient (bi) and deviation from regression (S2di). The genotype Karanahalli was found to be well adapted to all environments, the genotype C-763 was poorly adapted to all environments, the genotype ME-52 was specially adapted to favorable environment and the genotype China white was specially adapted to unfavorable environment.ThesisItem Open Access Time series of Area, production and productivity of principal crops in Karnataka(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2011-08-30) V, Usha; H.S, SurendraIn view of the importance of agriculture sector in National economy several attempts have been made to study the trends in area and production of principal crops which reveal the growth performance. The data is collected for area, production and productivity of major agricultural crops for the period of 1985-2005. The study period was classified as Pre WTO (World Trade Organization) era from 1985-1995 and Post WTO era from 1995-2005. For the estimation of the trends in area and production and to measure the association in productivity we consider different agriculture crops like paddy, ragi, bajra, wheat, jowar, bengal gram, tur, groundnut, sugarcane and cotton crops from all the districts of the Karnataka. Mann-Kendall test for trend coupled with the Sen's method for slope estimation used for identification and estimation of Trends. In the present study correspondence analysis was applied to contingency table on different level of productivity with districts. It is evident from the findings that during first and second period of the study the districts found negative trend in area for Paddy (Dakshin kannada), Ragi (Shimoga, Uttar kannada, Bellary and Gulbarga), Jowar (Shimoga), Tur (Shimoga, Belgaum and Bellary), Groundnut (Raichur) and Cotton (Bijapur). However for the first and second period the districts found positive trend in production for Paddy (Bellary) and negative trend for Groundnut (Bidar and Raichur) and Cotton (Bijapur).ThesisItem Open Access Genetic Diversity Analysis Of National Germplasm Collection On Little Millet (Panicum Miliare Lamk.) - A Statistical Approach(University of Agricultural Sciences; Bangalore, 1986) Gulapannavar G.B.; Venkataramu M.N.ThesisItem Open Access Statistical Evaluation Of Crop Responses To Fertilizers And Other Soil Characteristics(University Of Agricultural Sciences; Bangalore, 1984) Havaldar Y.N.; Sharma K.M.S.