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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2010 - 201520
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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 20
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IMPACT OF CROP ROTATION ON SOIL FAUNA IN ORGANIC FARMING ECOSYSTEM
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2014-07-02) GOLIVE PRASANTHI; N. G. KUMAR
    The investigation on the impact of crop rotation on soil fauna in organic farming ecosystem was carried out at the ZARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, during 2013. Soil application of 20 tonnes of FYM/ha+introduction of native fauna recorded significantly higher soil mesofauna, soil total Acari, cryptostigmatids, other Acari, other invertebrates and macro fauna like ants and beetles compared to other treatments during the cropping season. The highest population of total soil mesofauna was noticed 105 days after germination. Application of 20t of FYM ha"' significantly increased the soil organic carbon content(0.82%), available phosphorous(68.80 Kg/ha), available potassium(314.36 Kg/ha), exchangeable calcium(6.58 meq/lOOg), exchangeable magnesium(3.58 meq/lOOg), microbial biomass carbon(l 10.90 pg /g), microbial biomass nitrogen(10.87 pg /g), Dehydrogenase (296.37pg TPF/ g soil). Acid phosphatase (32.57pg PNP/ g soil). Alkaline phosphatase (15.77pg PNP/ g soil) and urease(l 11.54pg NH4"'/ g soil) in the soil compared to recommended fertilizer alone treatment. The same treatment also recorded higher plant biomass, root biomass, Rhizobium nodulation and grain yield(16.01 q/ha) compared to recommended package practices (12.90 q/ha) and recommended fertilizer alone(11.48 q/ha). Soil mesofauna abundance recorded a significant positive relationship with available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, soil pH, microbial biomass carbon, Dehydrogenase and urease. Abundance of mesofauna played an important role in the formation of available phosphorus, potassium. Ex calcium. Ex magnesium and alkaline phosphatase. Soil moisture and atmospheric minimum temperature showed significantly positive and negative relationship with the abundance of soil mesofauna. These factors together with rainfall exhibited significant influence on the abundance on the mesofauna(67%).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF URBANIZATION ON POLLINATOR POPULATIONS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-10-28) ZAMEERODDIN; Belvadi, v v
    Habitat degradation, destruction and fragmentation are considered main causes for pollinator decline and a cause of considerable concern for pollination ecosystem service. The present study was intended to investigate influence of urbanization on pollinator diversity and abundance along the urbanization gradient of North Bangalore during 2014- 15. Using two methods of sampling (sweep net and bee bowl methods) over a period of six months, a total of 9,934 specimens were collected from three locations which represented 107 species of pollinators belonging to 44 genera of six families. Highest number of species were collected in rural area (82) followed by peri-urban (74 species) and urban area (65 species). Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the pollinator diversity along the urbanization gradient. However, there was difference in species composition and temporal diversity and abundance of pollinators. The highest diversity was recorded in the month of November in all three areas. The least number of species were found in Februmy and March. The highest number of flowering plant species were observed in rural area followed by peri-urban and urban area. In urban area, highest number of pollinators were collected on Leucas aspera. This result suggests that availability of wild and garden plants in urban area support the diversity of pollinators and help in conservation of pollinators in urban habitats.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH OF Trichogramma TEMPERATURE TOLERANT STRAIN VIS-À-VIS NON-TOLERANT POPULATION AT HIGH TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-10-10) ANJALI, A. S.; Shivayya, V
    The present study was conducted on the growth of Trichogramma chilonis temperature tolerant strain and non-temperature tolerant population at ambient (27±2 ºC) and various high temperature conditions (32º- 40 ºC) in order to assess their population growth pattern in normal laboratory temperature condition and at high temperature conditions, life tables studies at ambient and high temperature conditions and the growth at deficient and abundant host ability. The temperature tolerant strain is adapted to both the temperature conditions. For non-temperature tolerant strain per cent parasitism (65.44 %) and per cent adult emergence (69.7 %) decreased with increase in temperature. Mean development period of both strains decreased with increase in temperature but female ratio of the strains increased with increase in temperature. The life table studies shows that both strains at high temperature conditions had the highest Ro, rm, and λ followed by the same strains at ambient temperature condition. The studies on biological parameters at different host density shows that number of parasitized eggs increased with egg density but per cent parasitism decreased. The per cent parasitism of temperature tolerant strain was found to be maximum (93.3 %) at lowest density (10 eggs) and minimum (86.9 %) at density of 150 eggs. For non-tolerant strain the highest per cent parasitism was observed at 90 eggs (91.44 %). The per cent adult emergence and per cent females of both strains increased with egg density. The adult emergence was found to be maximum at 90 eggs and minimum at 10 egg density.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PEST COMPLEX OF BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MANAGEMENT OF MELON FRUIT FLY, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-08-10) SUNIL; Thippaiah, M.
    As many as 24 species of insect pests were recorded on bitter gourd, of which twelve species were defoliators, eight species were sucking pests, one was a gall former and three species were fruit borers. Among the pests, Bactrocera cucurbitae caused serious damage during kharif season, where fruit infestation ranged from 30 to 52 per cent, which was significantly and positively correlated with rainfall (r = 0.71*) and positively correlated with maximum relative humidity (r = 0.59). During rabi, fruit fly infestation ranged from 26 to 33 per cent which was significantly and positively correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.76*). Studies on monitoring of fruit fly with para-pheromone trap revealed that maximum trap catches, (on an average 129 to 162 flies/trap/week) were recorded between September – October 2014 and minimum trap catches (on an average 6 flies/trap/week) were recorded in January 2015. The trap catches were significantly and positively correlated with rainfall (r = 0.73*) and minimum temperature (r = 0.65*) and positively correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.13), maximum relative humidity (r = 0.30), minimum relative humidity (r = 0.17) and wind speed (r = 0.28). Efficacy of selected insecticides against melon fruit fly revealed that the combination of jaggery @ 0.015 per cent with deltamethrin @ 0.0028 per cent showed significantly lowest fruit infestation and maggot population per infested fruit as compared to other treatments. The fruit yield was significantly also higher in this when compared to the remaining treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF FLOWER VISITORS IN POLLINATION AND SEED SET OF MUSTARD [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern Coss]
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-10) ANIL; Jayappa, A. H
    Pollinators play an important role in seed set of mustard. Floral biology, flower visitors, foraging behaviour of efficient pollinators and their role in seed set were studied. Mustard produced perfect flowers. Flowers opened 34 and 42 days after sowing in Kharif and Rabi seasons. Longevity of the flowers was one day. Maximum flowers opened between 07.30-08.00 h and 08.00-08.30 h. in Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively. Anther dehiscence occurred 30 minutes after anthesis. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity was maximum between10.00-11.00 and 11.00-12.00 h. Seventeen species of insects belonging to Hymenoptera (82.35 %), Lepidoptera (11.76 %) and Diptera (5.88 %) visited mustard flowers. Pollinator activity was maximum between 09.00-11.00 h in both seasons. Major flower visitors included two species of honey bees viz., Apis florea and Apis cerana. Though A. florea was more abundant per cent pod set was maximum with A. cerana visits. A. florea and A. cerana were observed to spend 57.83 ± 7.7 (14.10 ± 2.51 sec/flower) and 45.42 ± 6.24 (8.08 ± 2.00 sec/flower) min/trip and visited 243.11 ± 32.70 and 338 ± 46.77 flowers per trip, respectively. Within a day, slight interspecific temporal resource partitioning was observed between these two species. In pollination exclusion experiment, natural pollination had relatively more number of pods (233.1 ± 5.82), seeds (11.88 ± 1.31), higher test weight (1.62 gm), size (5.03 cm) and more oil content ( 39.44 %) over controlled (exclusion) experiment (142.3 ± 11.61 pods, 6.7 ± 1.33 seeds, 1.21 gm, 3.6 cm and 26.66 % respectively).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (BOSTRICHIDAE: COLEOPTERA) ON MAIZE
    (2015-07-10) AJAYKUMARA, K. M.; Thirumalaraju, G. T
    Biology of Rhyzopertha dominica was studied on Giant African Tall variety, CP-818 and Hema maize hybrid seeds during three different seasons (kharif, rabi and summer 2014-15) and management studies by using new insecticide molecules and carbon dioxide treatments were studied. The eggs were oblong, white and waxy in appearance. Eggs occupied a mean incubation period of 9.72, 9.48 and 9.64 days during kharif and 7.76, 7.36 and 7.56 days during summer on GAT, CP-818 and Hema, respectively. Total grub period occupied relatively longer duration during kharif than summer. The lower fecundity was observed during kharif compared to summer. Fecundity was higher on GAT seeds. R. dominica completed its total lifecycle in longer duration of 61.84 days on GAT, 60.12 on CP-818 and 60.96 on Hema during kharif and relatively shorter duration of 47.12 days on CP-818, 48.24 on Hema and 49.76 on GAT in summer. Evaluation of insecticide molecules revealed, the insecticides spinosad 45 SC @ 2 ppm followed by emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 2 ppm were found to be most effective up to nine months after storage and maintained seed quality parameters above minimum seed certification standards. However, remaining insecticides were also reduced the seed damage and preserved the seed quality. In the management of R. dominica by using CO2, all the three concentrations of CO2 (30, 40 and 50 % of volume) were found to be effective in reducing the seed damage and number of adult survival without affecting the germination, moisture content and vigour indices.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC FACTORS ON SOIL MESO- AND MACRO-FAUNA IN ORGANIC FARMING ECOSYSTEM
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-10) MAHESH, H. M.; Kumar, N G
    Experiments were carried out at the Zonal Agriculture Research Station, UAS Bengaluru during 2014-15.There were ten treatments with varying combinations of FYM (0-20 t/ha, partially decomposed, with Glyricidia mulch) and conventional fertilizers (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of 100:50:25 kg NPK /ha). Fodder maize was grown in this 13 years old plot during kharif season. Native fauna containing undisturbed soil was introduced equally to each treatment. Application of 20 t of FYM/ha recorded higher abundances of collembolans, cryptostigmatids, other Acari, other invertebrates and macro-arthropods compared to other treatments during cropping and non-cropping seasons. This treatment recorded significantly high soil organic carbon (1 %), available nitrogen (389.45 kg/ha), phosphorous (79.45 kg/ha), potassium (304 kg /ha), exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium and microbial biomass carbon (5172 μg /g) and plant biomass (98.38 t/ha) compared to recommended fertilizer alone and package of practices. The latter two treatments recorded significantly lower soil organic carbon (0.65 and 0.75 %), available Nitrogen (309.13 and 337.28 kg/ha), Phosphorous (56 and 67.22 kg/ha), Potassium (172.8 and 266.8 kg/ha), microbial biomass (3079.07 and 3996.15 μg/g) and Plant biomass (73.19 and 86.02 t/ha), respectively. Soil invertebrate abundance was positively correlated with the above soil chemical parameters and microbial biomass carbon. Abiotic factors had 31.9 per cent impact on soil meso-fauna. Total rainfall, soil moisture and relative humidity (maximum and minimum) were positively correlated with soil organisms. Influence of soil moisture on the activity of meso-fauna was up to 28 per cent
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INVESTIGATIONS ON MECHANISMS OF HOST PLANT RESISTANCE IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) MOENCH] AGAINST RED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus macfarlanei BAKER AND PRITCHARD (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-08) RAJGOPAL, N N; srinavasa, n
    Investigations on host plant resistance in okra against red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei were carried out during summer (March-June 2014) and kharif (September-December 2014) seasons with 36 okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) entries including a wild type okra, Abelmoschus manihot tetraphyllus. Variety Aruna recorded the lowest mite load of 1 and 19.11 mites/4cm2 leaf-area during summer and kharif seasons, respectively. During summer, the highest mite load was 44.73 mites on Varsha Uphar and during kharif season, 106.17 mites on VRO-5. Overall mite incidence on different okra entries was more during kharif compared to summer, due to greater activity of phytoseiid predator, Neoseiulus longispinosus. Based on mean mite population data, entries were categorized into four Reaction Groups; Group I (harbouring upto 25 mites/4cm2leaf area-4entries), Group II (25.1 to 35 mites-13), Group III (35.1 to 45 mites-13) and Group IV (>45 mites-6). Leaf thickness and trichome density did not confer any significant plant resistance among okra entries against spider mites. Biochemically, lower mite susceptibility in Aruna, Susthira, Line-199 and A. manihot tetraphyllus was attributed to low levels of chlorophyll (1.27-1.76mg/g), sugars (53.03-63.74mg/g), proteins (28.98-35.35mg/g) and moderate to high levels of phenols (8.13-9.57mg/g), peroxidases (403.6- 478.63 units/g) and PAL (2.95-3.50 x10-3 μmoles/min/ml). Subsequent to feeding by T. macfarlanei, increase in the concentration of phenols (by 16-33%) and enhanced activity of enzymes like peroxidases (40-50%) and PAL (5- 9%) could be an induced defensive reaction in less susceptible varieties like Aruna, Susthira, Line-199 and Suvarna. And this acquired resistance was more evident in wild type okra.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF FLOWER VISITORS IN POLLINATION AND FRUIT SET OF MUSKMELON (Cucumis melo L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-08) REVANASIDDA; Belvadi, v v
    Pollinators play an important role in fruit set of muskmelon. Floral biology, flower visitors, foraging behaviour of efficient pollinators and their role in fruit set were studied. Muskmelon produced two types of flowers viz., staminate and hermaphrodite flowers in the ratio of 18:1. Flowers opened 42-43 days after planting. Longevity of both the flowers was one day. Staminate flowers opened between 05.45-07.00 and 06.30-07.45h, hermaphrodite flowers opened between 07.00-08.30 and 07.45-09.00h in post monsoon and summer seasons respectively. Anther dehiscence in both the flowers occurred 10-15 minutes after anthesis. Pollen from hermaphrodite flowers were sterile. Pollen viability and stigma receptivity was maximum between 16.00-18.00h. Sixteen species of insects belonging to Hymenoptera (81.25%), Diptera (12.50%) and Lepidoptera (6.5%) visited muskmelon flowers. Though pollinator activity and nectar production was observed throughout the day, two peaks, one in morning and another in evening hours, were recorded. Major flower visitors included two species of honeybees, viz., Apis cerana and A. florea, and A. cerana was the most frequent and efficient pollinator. A. cerana and A. florea were observed to spend 121±15.00 (6.53±3.31-9.02±3.10 sec/flower) and 109±17.85 (9.05±3.59-11.00±2.48sec/flower) min/trip and visited 398±38.51 and 281±20.79 flowers per trip. Within a day, perfect interspecific temporal resource partitioning was observed between these two species. In pollination exclusion experiment no fruit set was observed from bagged flowers and fruits from natural pollination had relatively more number of seeds (257.76±31.23), higher fruit weight (0.5±0.07 kg) and size (25.63±1.43 cm) over hand pollination (250.53±24.60 seeds, 0.45±0.06 kg and 24.58±1.44 cm respectively).