PEST COMPLEX OF BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MANAGEMENT OF MELON FRUIT FLY, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
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Date
2015-08-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
As many as 24 species of insect pests were recorded on bitter gourd, of which
twelve species were defoliators, eight species were sucking pests, one was a gall former
and three species were fruit borers. Among the pests, Bactrocera cucurbitae caused
serious damage during kharif season, where fruit infestation ranged from 30 to 52 per
cent, which was significantly and positively correlated with rainfall (r = 0.71*) and
positively correlated with maximum relative humidity (r = 0.59). During rabi, fruit fly
infestation ranged from 26 to 33 per cent which was significantly and positively
correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.76*). Studies on monitoring of fruit fly with
para-pheromone trap revealed that maximum trap catches, (on an average 129 to 162
flies/trap/week) were recorded between September – October 2014 and minimum trap
catches (on an average 6 flies/trap/week) were recorded in January 2015. The trap catches
were significantly and positively correlated with rainfall (r = 0.73*) and minimum
temperature (r = 0.65*) and positively correlated with maximum temperature (r = 0.13),
maximum relative humidity (r = 0.30), minimum relative humidity (r = 0.17) and wind
speed (r = 0.28). Efficacy of selected insecticides against melon fruit fly revealed that the
combination of jaggery @ 0.015 per cent with deltamethrin @ 0.0028 per cent showed
significantly lowest fruit infestation and maggot population per infested fruit as compared
to other treatments. The fruit yield was significantly also higher in this when compared to
the remaining treatments.
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