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Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar

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2004 - 20064
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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2004 ×
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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Molecular epidemiological studies on Newcastle disease in poultry
    (LUVAS, 2004) kamal jIt singh; Gupta, S.L.
    The present study was conducted to detect and characterize newcastle disease virus (ndv) from poultry by molecular techniques. Thirty samples (brain, trachea, lung and allantoic fluid) were collected from different districts of haryana. Six vaccine strains (f1, lasota, r2b and v1) were taken as positive control, whereas the trachea of unvaccinated healthy bird was taken as negative control. Total rna from field samples and vaccine strain was extracted by trizol reagent. Ndv could be detected in eight of the field samples as well as in six vaccine strains by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and nested pcr. With primer pair no. 1, a single band of 356 bp and with primer pair no. 2 a band of 216 bp were observed, when analysed on 1.5% aparose gel. Restriction enzyme analysis (re analysis) of five field isolates with bgl i, hha i and taq i revealed that four field isolates were of lentogenic nature while one isolates was of velogenic nature. Sequence analysis of 356 bp pcr product of five field isolate confirmed the observations of restriction enzyme analysis. Four nucleotide and two amino acid substitutions were unique in the velogenic isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed divergence of the velogenic isolate from other reported velogenic strains of india, both at nucleotide and amino acid level. All the four lentogenic field isolates were at different place from the f strain both at nucleotide and amino acid level, but in the same lineage with lasota vaccine strain. The present study indicated continuous changes in newcastle disease virus at genomic level in the state of haryana
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    Epidemiological studies and seromonitoring of Haemorrhagic septicaemia by monoclonal antibody based indirect ELISA.
    (LUVAS, 2006) Lalita Kumari; Suresh Kumar
    The present study was done for Epidemiological studies, re-evaluation of coagglutination test and seromonitoring of Haemorrhagic septicaemia by monoclonal antibody based indirect ELISA. Epidemiological data related to haemorrhagic septicaemia were collected from disease investigation laboratory, department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, CCSHAU, Hisar for the period of 2001-2005. Meteorological data were collected for the period of 2001-2005 from CCSHAU, Hisar and CSSRI, Karnal. Maximum morbidity of HS was recorded from Rohtak district (6.46 %) followed by Gurgaon (5.96). Maximum mortality was recorded from Rohtak district (2.40%) and Gurgaon (1.59%) and maximum case fatality was recorded from Panipat district (69.23%) followed by Mahendergarh (60%) and Jind (60%) district. Maximum numbers of seven outbreaks were reported from Hisar district followed by 6 outbreaks from Ambala. No regular trends of year wise distribution were observed. In month wise distribution, maximum morbidity was recorded in January month followed by March month and maximum mortality in followed by March month. The highest case fatality was recorded in December and July to October months. The seasonal distribution showed a maximum case fatality during rainy season (48.57± 3.24%) followed by winter (32.06± 11.69%) and summer season (10.17± 3.87%). The maximum number of 24 outbreaks was recorded during winter season followed by 12 outbreaks in rainy and 4 outbreaks in summer season. Positive and significant (P<0.01) correlation was found between rainfall and case fatality. Negative and significant (P<0.05) correlation was found between minimum temperature and case fatality. Coagglutination test was re-evaluated experimentally for determining the sensitivity of the test in Swiss Albino mice. One plus (+) COA reaction was found with a minimum of 8.5 × 102 CFU/ml. Seromonitoring of HS was done in five districts (Hisar, Gurgaon, Karnal, Jind and Sirsa) of Haryana state by monoclonal antibody based indirect ELISA. The blood samples were collected from Animal farm, CCSHAU, Hisar twice, three months after first and second vaccination with aluminium hydroxide gel adsorbed HS and BQ combined vaccine. Mean ELISA titres (log10) after second vaccination were significantly higher (P<0.01) than first vaccination and all values were higher than cut off protective titre (1.47). Calculated ‘t’ value of two sample ‘t’ test of heifers and Hariana cattle was 4.990 (P< 0.01) and for heifers and Jersey crossbred animal, it was 2.652 (P<0.01). Blood samples of buffaloes were collected from Gurgaon, Karnal, Jind and Sirsa districts of Haryana at 4th and 6th months post vaccination with alum precipitated vaccine. Mean ELISA titres (log10) were protective at four month and marginally protective at six month post vaccination in all the districts. About 97 per cent animals were protective against HS. Same samples were monitored by indirect ELISA without monoclonal antibody and ELISA titres (log10) was found higher than monoclonal antibody based indirect ELISA.
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    Prevalence clinico-pathological and therapeutic studies on canine ehrlichiosis”
    (LUVAS, 2005) Satyander Kumar; Sharma, R.D.
    A total of 203 dogs with history of tick infestation and other clinical manifestations, presented in different pet clinics and hospitals were examined for ehrlichiosis. Of these, 23 were confirmed as cases of ehrlichiosis on the basis of cytological examination. The present work was carried out on 23 naturally occurring cases of ehrlichiosis to study clinical, haematological and biochemical alterations and to compare the efficacy of doxycycline in two dose regimens, imidocarb dipropionate and oxytetracycline in treating such cases. The clinical sings were highly variable, non-specific and non-pathognomonic. The major clinical manifestations in the affected dogs include depression, anorexia, pyrexia, anaemia, epistaxis, skin lesions, petechial/ecchymotic haemorrhages and lymphadenopathy. The ecchymotic/petechial haemorrhages of mucus membranes, skin and epistaxis were suggestive of ehrlichiosis. Morulae and/or inclusion bodies of Ehrlichia canis were recorded in buffy coat smears of all the 23 dogs suffering from ehrlichiosis whereas these were detected from peripheral blood smears in 9 cases only, indicating the diagnostic importance of buffy coat smears. Ehrlichia infection alone was recorded in 13 dogs whereas concurrent infection with Babesia spp. was recorded in 9 dogs and with Hepatozoon canis in 1 dog. Though the disease was recorded in all the breeds however, the cases were slightly more in German Shepherd breed. The disease was observed in dogs of all age groups as well as both the sexes. Microcytic hypochromic anaemia (as indicated by significant decrease in levels of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) and thrombocytopenia (as evidenced by significant decrease in platelet count) were the major haematological changes in dogs affected with ehrlichiosis. Hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia and significant decrease in A/G ratios were the main biochemical findings in such affected dogs. Imidocarb dipropionate (@ 5 mg/kg b.wt. im) was more effective in terms of remission of clinical signs and elimination of organism from circulation followed by doxycycline (@ 10 mg/kg b.wt. o.d. orally for 14 days) and oxytetracycline (@ 33 mg/kg b.wt. b.i.d. iv for three days, followed by the same dose orally b.i.d. for next 11 days) and doxycycline (@ 5mg/kg b.wt. b.i.d. orally for 14 days).
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    Clinico-therapeutic studies on hepatic insufficiency in Buffaloes
    (LUVAS, 2006) Sharma, Vanita; Sridhar
    The investigation was undertaken on twenty clinical cases of hepatic insufficiency in buffaloes screened out of total 35 suspected cases brought to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Service Complex (TVCSC) CCS HAU, Hisar and also nearby villages. Ten apparently healthy buffaloes from these villages were kept as controls. These animals were subjected to haematological investigations viz. haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, erythrocytic indices and clotting time evaluation. Liver function tests like serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum gamma glutamyl transferase, serum total bilirubin, serum total proteins, albumin and albumin: other proteins ratio were also performed. Clinical manifestations of the condition in diseased buffaloes included one or a combination of non-specific signs like anorexia, vague digestive disturbances, progressive emaciation, diarrhea, pale mucous membranes and rarely oedema of submaxillary space. Significantly lower values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytic count and erythrocytic indices were observed in diseased buffaloes as compared to healthy control animals probably due to haepatocellular changes. Marked leukocytosis and neutrophilia were also observed probably as a result of endotoxaemia which is common in liver disease. Significant higher activities of enzymes serum aspartate amino transferase, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum gamma glutamyl transferase were seen in diseased animals indicating hepatic insufficiency. Significantly lower serum total proteins and albumin in diseased animals were also indicative of hepatic dysfunction which was also evident from a significant elevation of serum total bilirubin. Results of therapeutic trial in two groups of ten animals each revealed a better response to therapy with Bhringraj (Eclipta alba) as compared to another indigenous drug Picrorrhiza kurroa (Kutki).