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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2011 - 20185
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Subject: Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on effect of body condition score on reproduction in dairy cows in H.P
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2011) Nazhat,Sayed Ahmad; Kumar, Navneet
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ESTROUS BEHAVIOUR AND ESTROUS CYCLE RELATED ENDOCRINE PROFILE OF GADDI GOATS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2015-11-30) KUMAR, SUNIL; Sood, Pankaj
    ABSTRACT Ten adult dry and non-pregnant Gaddi does were used in the present study for estrous behaviour and estrous cycle related endocrine profile. The study was conducted during short days under natural photoperiod from October, 2014 to February, 2015. All the does were induced by PG (Iall group), four of which were investigated in the subsequent spontaneous estrous cycle (S group). Information on the later set of goats during induced estrus (from the Iall group) was also used and categorized in a third group (I) to draw a comparison of estrous behaviour characteristics and endocrinology parameters between S, I and Iall. The endocrinology determinants were evaluated in peripheral blood plasma collected from estrus onset and every 3 hours thereafter till termination of estrus; in addition, day 7 and day 14 blood samples were also evaluated. A comparison of estrous behaviour characteristics was also made between confined (C) versus grazing (G) conditions. The average time interval from PG administration to estrous onset was 76.1±3.8 hours. Standing to be mounted, biting of estrus female, sniffing of vulva and tail flagging were most frequent signs characterizing onset of estrus, irrespective of PG injection or housing conditions. Unlike G condition, where all estrous signs peaked at 3 to 3.5 hours after estrous onset, all the other estrous behaviour signs attained peak frequency at 6 to 12.5 hours post estrous onset in S, I and Iall groups and C condition. Overall, estrous expression was better in S estrus and in C condition compared to their respective corresponding groups. There was no significant difference in estrous duration, estrous onset to ovulation and follicular diameter of S versus I versus Iall groups (28.4±1.4 versus 32.0±5.3 versus 30.6±4.1 h, 23.9±2.1 versus 28.5±2.7 versus 24.0±5.6 h and 9.8±0.6 versus 9.3±0.5 versus 9.5±0.5 mm, respectively). Double ovulation was present in one goat of the I group. There was no significant difference in ultrasonography assisted ovulatory and other associated endocrine determinants between the S, I and Iall groups. Estradiol17β, LH peak concentration, their timings from estrous onset, estradiol- 17β peak to ovulation interval and LH peak to ovulation interval did not differ significantly in all the three groups. The day 7 and day 14 plasma progesterone concentrations did not differ and the average values ranged from 6.5±1.1 to 7.2±1.9 ng/ml at day 7 and 10.9±2.6 to 12.4±2.1 ng/ml at day 14 in S, I and Iall groups. Genital discharge fern pattern differed with stage of estrus. Typical fern pattern coincided with peak frequency of estrous behaviour signs except under G condition, where the peak per se occurred much early. Induction of estrus did not affect ovulatory and endocrine characteristics.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS ON RESTORING FERTILITY OF INFERTILE ABANDONED COWS MAINTAINED IN GOSHALAS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2015-08-07) SHARMA, ROHIT; Singh, Madhumeet
    ABSTRACT Abandoned cows, reared in 18 Goshalas in different districts of Himachal Pradesh were examined clino-gynaecologically for reproductive status. Overall 321 abandoned cows diagnosed to be affected with 402 reproductive ailments (few of them with multifactor etiology) were taken for this study. These animals were treated as per the condition diagnosed. Uterine discharge samples of cows diagnosed as endometritis were subjected to culture sensitivity tests in Nutrient broth and Mueller Hinton agar. Blood samples were collected for estimation of minerals (Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn. Na, K and Cl), biochemicals (Total Proteins, Cholesterol, ALT, AST, ALP and GGT), and hormones (T3, T4, TSH, cortisol, progesterone, estradiol-17β and insulin). There was highest prevalence of endometritis (27.8%) followed by cervical disorders (14.43%) which included cervical fibrosis, cervicitis, non-patent cervix and kinked cervix etc. However management errors were detected in 38.80 per cent animals. The antibiogram of uterine discharges indicated highest sensitivity for fluoroquinolones derivatives and gentamicin followed by tetracycline. Whereas high resistance was recorded forMetronidazole, Penicillin,Cloxacillin andNitrofurantoin. All bacteria were resistant toCotrimoxazole. Copper concentration significantly increased in recovered abandoned cows suffering from endometritis and treated anestrus cows, irrespective of recovery. Inorganic phosphorus concentrations significantly increased only in recovered true anestrus animals. The post-treatment recovery could be followed in 220 cows with 280 reproductive problems. A good proportion of endometritic cows (21.69%) responded to treatment whereas only 2.17 percent of the animals affected with cervical problems conceived. High post treatment recovery was recorded in true anestrus (42.17%) and silent estrus (56.25%) cows. In all 37 (16.82%) abandoned cows conceived out of total 220 cows followed to evaluate post-treatment recovery. Principal contributor to reproductive problems in abandoned cows was technical errors committed by personals handling genitalia (50.00%) of which only 12.75 per cent were treatable. Whereas, much higher (44.45 %) post treatment recovery rate was recorded in cows (38.80 %) suspected to have managemental problems.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFICACY OF THE SOME PROGRAMMED BREEDING PROTOCOLS ON FERTILITY FOLLOWING TIMED AI IN DAIRY COWS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2016-07-20) SHIVAJI, KAPSE SUPRIYA; Singh, Madhumeet
    ABSTRACT The work was conducted at the University dairy farm and in nearby field institutions. In all, 201 cows were divided into three treatments viz; Ovsynch, Heatsynch and Doublesynch synchronization protocols and one control groups. Treatment was started in all the cyclic on day 6 of estrous cycle after the observed heat. In the ovsynch protocol group, cows were injected GnRH-PG-GnRH hormones on day 0, 7 and 9, respectively. Similarly, in the Doublesynch protocol group PG-GnRH-PG-GnRH were given on days -2, 0, 7 and 9 and in the Heatsynch protocol group cows GnRH-PG-EB was injected on day 0, 7 and 8, respectively. All these cows were inseminated on day 10 and 11. Control cows did not receive any treatment and were inseminated on the day of observed heat. Ovsynch protocol improved conception in cows when the protocol was initiated on day 6 of estrous cycle. The highest conception rate was recorded in the cows synchronized with Ovsynch protocol (47.91%) followed by Doublesynch (41.66%), Heatsynch (36.17%) and control (37.14%) groups. Blood was collected from 66 cows of different treatments and control groups for the analysis of plasma P4, T3, T4, TSH using Radioimmunoassay procedure. Four blood samples each were collected on days 0, 7, 8/9 (day 8 in Heatsynch only and day 9 in Ovsynch and Doublesynch only) and 10. There was no difference in hormonal concentrations between different protocols. Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the ovaries was done in the cows to study the follicular dynamics and to establish a relationship between the follicle size and pregnancy status. There was a significant relation between follicular size at AI and pregnancy rate in cows.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INVESTIGATION ON FOLLICULAR DYNAMICS AND SEMEN CRYOPRESERVATION IN GOATS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-01-06) KUMAR Sharma, Amit; Sood, Pankaj
    ABSTRACT Goats are multipurpose animals. Two different breeds, namely Gaddi and Chegu, strengthen the socioeconomic status of a large percentage of rural population in Himachal Pradesh. Out of season breeding in Gaddi breed is known, but has not been proved scientifically. Genetic degradation in both Gaddi and Chegu breeds due to lack of males of superior germplasm is seriously restricting the benefits from goat rearing. Accordingly, in present study (May 2016 to December 2017) information on breeding practices adopted by regional Gaddi shepherds (n=25) was collected and out of season breeding was confirmed to occur in 80% Gaddi goats. To verify breeding during long days, experimental studies on ovarian follicular dynamics were undertaken during non-breeding (n=11) and breeding seasons (n=7) in the same Gaddi does raised under semi-intensive conditions. Follicular dynamics revealed active ovaries during both seasons as indicated by a preponderance of 3- and 4-follicular waves in 94.4% animals. The ovaries were more active during breeding than non-breeding season. It was reflected by higher daily number of follicles of different sizes/day (5.50±0.55 versus 3.15±0.67) and higher growth rate of dominant follicle (0.79±0.04 versus 0.65±0.03 mm/d). The most distinct feature was presence of relatively larger dominant follicle during non-breeding than breeding season (7.66±0.10 versus 6.85±0.24 mm) which, however, remained anovulatory and could be incriminated to a shorter interwave interval during breeding season (4.90±0.31 versus 5.66±0.28 d). To overcome the paucity of superior males, a cryopreserved semen bank was established using elite Gaddi (n=11; aged 2.16±0.36 years) and Chegu (n=8; aged 1.98±0.34 years) bucks. The semen cryopreservation protocol was established using 74 ejaculates from Gaddi bucks. Removal of seminal plasma and incorporation of 10% egg yolk and 6% glycerol in the extender provided best post thaw semen in the study. The standardized protocol was eventually used to cryopreserve 106 and 180 qualifying ejaculates, collected twice weekly, in Gaddi and Chegu, respectively. In terms of progressive motility, the sperms of Gaddi compared to Chegu were more resilient to cryoinjury as indicated by a relatively reduced per cent change of 52.03 versus 58.31 and accordingly significantly higher progressive motility of 35.18±0.87 versus 30.86±0.78, respectively. In terms of age, the sperms of young Gaddi bucks than adult bucks were more cryosensitive, while such disparity was missing in Chegu. The semen quality improved with a reduction in temperature, while there was no such relation with photoperiod (sunshine hours) in both the breeds. The average fertility of cryopreserved semen generated in present study used as double straw coupled with 4 µg GnRH administration at induced estrus resulted in a fertility percentage of 41.25% in Gaddi (confirmed pregnancy in 33 out of 80) and 67.50% (non return rates in 27 out of 40). In conclusion, (i) the discrepancy in out of season breeding in Gaddi does at farmers versus experimental conditions could be due to variation in management practices (ii) the ovaries are active, but with anovulatory waves during non-breeding season (iii) removal of seminal plasma, use of 10% egg yolk and 6% glycerol provides best semen quality from Gaddi and Chegu bucks with acceptable fertility results (iv) Gaddi sperms are less cryosensitive (v) it is temperature instead of photoperiod that could have varying effects on semen quality of Gaddi and Chegu bucks.