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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2010 - 20123
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2012 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ANTI PLANT PATHOGENIC PROPERTIES OF HIGHER FUNGI ESPECIALLY WILD MUSHROOMS
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2012) PANDEY, VIVEK KUMAR; Y.S. Paul
    The present investigations on the anti plant pathogenic activity of wild mushrooms were undertaken to study characterization of fleshy fungi for anti plant pathogenic properties. Survey work was conducted in different forest areas of three districts of H.P. (Kangra, Mandi and Kullu). A total of 70 species of wild mushrooms belonging to 54 genera were collected and identified, out of which 40 species were cultured. Thirty two genera were recorded to be inedible, 14 as edible and four as poisonous. Boletus sp., Polyporus sp., Ganoderma lucidum and Tricholoma sp. were the most frequently distributed mushrooms. Antagonistic activities of 40 species of wild mushrooms against ten plant pathogenic fungi were tested by dual–culture technique. Most of the tested mushroom species markedly inhibited mycelial growth of all the phytopathogenic fungi. However, Cordyceps sp., Marasmius sp., Stropharia sp. and Russula sp. were found to have strong antagonistic activity. Culture filtrates of eleven wild mushrooms were found effective against test plant pathogenic fungi and nine were found effective against the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Complete inhibition (100%) of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was observed by Russula sp., while maximum inhibition zone (30mm) was recorded by Stropharia sp. in Ralstonia solanacearum. Eleven culture filtrates and seventeen fruit body extracts of wild mushrooms were found to inhibit the conidial germination of Alternaria brassicae, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum capsici and Rhynchosporium oryzae. Minimum inhibition concentration of culture filtrates and fruit body extracts ranged between 50-80% and 25-80% concentration, however fruit body extract of Phellinus sp., Russula sp., and Amanita sp. completely (100%) inhibited the spore germination of Alternaria brassicae. Complete inhibition was also found in Rhynchosporium oryzae by Lactarius sp., Russula sp., Coprinus sp. and Cordyceps sp. The culture filtrates found effective under in vitro were also tested for host parasite interaction under pots conditions and found to reduce the disease incidence. Minimum disease incidence (26.66, 20.33 and 33%) was found in sheath and leaf blight of maize, stalk rot of cabbage and pea wilt by Russula sp. and Phellinus sp., respectively. In biochemical tests, total phenolics (1.60-22.70 mg/100ml) were the major antioxidant components found in the culture filtrates, followed by DPPH scavenging (2.50 -7.66) and hydroxyl radicals (2.59 - 5.2). Stropharia sp. contained the highest phenolic content (22.70 mg/100ml) while Cordyceps sp. contained highest concentration (7.66 and 5.52 mg/100ml) of DPPH scavenging and scavenging effect on hydroxyl radicals among the culture filtrates tested
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COAT PROTEIN DIVERSITY IN BEAN COMMON MOSAIC VIRUS AND ELUCIDATION OF R-GENES IN INDIAN LANDRACES OF Phaseolus Vulgaris L.
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2010) SHARMA, PRACHI; Sharma, P. N.
    Present investigations on bean mosaic disease caused by bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), a member of family Potyviridae were undertaken to study the molecular diversity different strains of the virus using 3’ terminal region and to elucidate the presence of R-genes to find out durable sources of resistance. Symptomatology of different isolates belonging to 4 strains viz., NL-1, NL-1n, NL-7 and NL-7n consisted of mosaic, blistering, downward leaf rolling, green vein banding, thickening of leaves, reduction of leaf lamina and leaf deformation. DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR analysis of test isolates established the identity of the virus as BCMV and their reaction on International differential set grouped them in 4 strains. RT-PCR generated an amplicon of ~1300 bp in different isolates whose cloned product after sequencing revealed that it consisted of 3’ terminal region having partial NIb, complete cp and 3’UTR. Sequences were submitted in NCBI genbank and their sequence homology, multiple alignment and evolutionary divergence analysis showed that this region could not differentiate the pathogenically variable strains of the same virus. Ninety one accessions of common bean were found resistant to NL-1 and NL-1n strain. Prediction of resistance genes using tightly linked markers showed the presence of I, bc-12 and bc-3 gene in resistant cultivars.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECOFRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF BELL PEPPER DISEASES UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishavavidyalaya, Palampur, 2012) ASHLESHA; Paul, Y.S.
    Present investigations on diseases of bell pepper under protected cultivation were undertaken to study the progress of diseases, environmental factors affecting diseases, evaluation of various organic inputs against pathogens of bell pepper and to work out suitable ecofriendly management strategies. Survey of bell pepper growing polyhouses was conducted in six districts of Himachal Pradesh namely Kangra, Hamirpur, Bilaspur, Una, Kullu and Mandi. Maximum incidence of bacterial wilt was observed in Zmanabad (83.3%) and Sai (70.5%) areas of Kangra, whereas severity of powdery mildew was maximum in Katrain (34.6%) area of Kullu. There was a positive significant correlation between disease severity of powdery mildew and bacterial wilt and maximum daily temperature. Organic inputs viz., cow urine and panchgavya provided 100% inhibition of all the fungal pathogens followed by vermiwash (90.6-100.0%) at 10% concentration in vitro. Biodynamic compost tea and biosol caused 95.6 and 92.3% inhibition of bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum) at 4% concentration. Seedling dip in Orguard (a new formulation) for 1 hour increased the survivability of seedlings upto 27 days in comparison to check. Organic inputs showed the presence of total 92 isolates, but only 12 isolates which were the species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia and Actinomycetes exhibited strong antifungal properties against capsicum pathogens. Based on in vitro evaluation, three isolates of Bacillus (AB8B2, AP13B4 and AM15B5), one each of Serratia (AP18S) and Actinomycetes (AV10A2) showed strong antifungal activity against pathogens of capsicum. All the species of Bacillus were found most inhibitory to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (99.7%) followed by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani (92.0–97.0%). The antagonistic isolates also exhibited plant growth promoting traits. Among these, six isolates were selected as efficient phosphate solubilizers and maximum solubilization was shown by AB8B2 (365.2 μg P/ml). All the isolates showed IAA production and nitrogenase enzyme activity and six isolates produced siderophores. Cow urine distillates of five botanicals viz, Ranunculus muricatus, Melia azedarach, Vitex negundo, Eupatorium sp and Murraya koenigii were evaluated against test pathogens. Out of these, distillates of V. negundo and M. koenigii provided 100% inhibition of all the test pathogens at 10% concentration. Organic inputs found effective under in vitro conditions were tested in farmers‟ polyhouses at three locations in Kangra. Drench of Orguard before transplanting and at 15 days interval provided more than 85.0% control of bacterial wilt. Spray of milk along with sulphur and asafoetida resulted in more than 80.0% control of powdery mildew of capsicum under protected cultivation.