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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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Subject: Entomology × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    POTENTIAL OF ENTOMOPATHOGENS IN INTEGRATED CONTROL OF WHITEGRUBS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-10-15) Sanjta, Suman; Mehta, P.K
    The bioassay studies of five entomopathogens viz. Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema carpocapsae and Bacillus cereus were conducted against grubs of Holotrichia longipennis and Brahmina coriacea. The entomopathogenic fungi revealed decrease in susceptibility with increase in age. The LC50 values of B. bassiana for I to III instar grubs of H. longipennis ranged from 7.28 x 107 to 1.6 x 108 conidia/ml. In case of B. coriacea, the LC50 values for I to III instars were determined from 5.04x 107 to 1.17x 108 conidia/ml. In H. longipennis and B. coriacea, first instar grubs were 1.12 to 2.43 and 2.85 to 3.84 times more susceptible than second and third instar grubs, respectively. The LC50 values of M. anisopliae for I to III instars of H. longipennis were calculated from 4.36 x 107 to 1.3 x 108 conidia/ml. In case of B. coriacea, M. anisopliae produced 50 per cent kill at a concentration range of 4.9 x 109 to 3.2 x 108 conidia/ml in I to III instar grubs. In H. longipennis, first instar grubs were 2.06 and 2.98 times more susceptible than second and third instar. In case of B. coriacea, the increase in LC50 for second and third instar in comparison to first instar was 2.24 to 3.67 times. The grubs of H. longipennis were found comparatively more susceptible to both entomopathogenic fungi and B. bassiana was found to be less virulent as compared to M. anisopliae. Two entomopathogenic nematodes viz. H. indica and S. carpocapsae were evaluated by soil inoculation method. Against H. longipennis, the LC50 values of H. indica for I to III instars ranged between 324.15 to 796.18 IJs/ml. In case of B. coriacea, the LC50 values of H. indica against I to III instars were calculated from 444.84 to 845.18 IJs/ml. S. carpocapasae produced 50 per cent kill in respective instars of H. longipennis at concentrations ranging from 408.63 to 910.67 IJs/ml. In B.coriacea, a dose of 474.26 to 1620.34 IJs/ml of S. carpocapsae is required to produce 50% kill. There was 1.70 and 2.4 times increase in LC50 values of H. indica in first instar of H. longipennis as compared to second and third instars, respectively. In B. coriacea, the corresponding increase was 1.4 and 1.89 times. S. carpocapsae proved less effective as compared to H. indica, and H. longipennis was found to be more susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes as compared to B. coriacea. B. cereus was found to be least effective among tested entomopathogens. In I to III instars of H. longipennis and B. coriacea, the LC50 values of B.cereus varied from 5.62 x 108 to 1.7 x 109 spores/ml. Among tested insecticides, clothianidin was found highly effective with LC50 values ranging from 129.86 to 457.11 ppm. In case of imidacloprid and chlorpyriphos, the LC50 values ranged from 238.38 to 811.81 ppm, and 334.44 to 911.44 ppm in different instars of H. longipennis and B. coriacea. To interaction studies of different entomopathogens with imidacloprid, chlorpyriphos and clothianidin have shown to produce strongest interaction with the tested insecticides in both the species of whitegrubs. Imidacloprid revealed maximum synergism with H. indica and S. carpocapsae. There was consistent antagonistic interaction among B. cereus and imidacloprid or chlorpyriphos. Under field conditions, combined application of H. indica+imidacloprid in potato gave 34.53 to 40.67 % reduction in tuber damage over control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioefficacy of biopesticides and novel insecticides to Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee and their safety to natural enemies
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07) Sharma, Sugandha; Chandel, Y.S.
    Studies on the bioefficacy of biopesticides and novel insecticides to L. orbonalis and their safety to natural enemies was undertaken at CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur. The lethal concentrations computed against first instar larvae of L. orbonalis revealed cyantraniliprole as most effective with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.18 and 0.95 ppm followed by chlorantraniliprole (1.24 & 8.64 ppm), thiacloprid (14.43 & 95.09 ppm), indoxacarb (19.99 & 106.71), lambda-cyhalothrin (38.62 & 207.78 ppm), azadirachtin (57.06 & 316.34 ppm), melia (73.82 & 378.09 ppm) and eupatorium (97.84 & 477.85 ppm). Under bioefficacy studies, chlorantraniliprole resulted in minimum shoot infestation followed by cyantraniliprole, lambda-cyhalothrin, thiacloprid, indoxacarb, azadirachtin, melia and eupatorium during 2015, whereas, during 2016 the shoot infestation was minimum in cyantraniliprole followed by chlorantraniliprole, thiacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, indoxacarb, azadirachtin, melia and eupatorium. Fruit infestation was found minimum in chlorantraniliprole followed by cyantraniliprole, thiacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, indoxacarb, azadirachtin, melia and eupatorium during both the years. On the basis of index of mean persistent toxicity of 2015 & 2016, the order of effectiveness of biopesticides and novel insecticides was: chlorantraniliprole (608.34) > cyantraniliprole (580.56) > thiacloprid (519.44) > lambda cyhalothrin (409.72) > indoxacarb (297.50) > azadirachtin (256.67) > melia (213.44) > eupatorium (136.11). Studies on dissipation pattern of insecticides revealed the average recovery of 87.75 and 91.10 per cent of indoxacarb and thiacloprid, respectively through RP-HPLC. The LOD and LOQ were 0.009 and 0.03 mg/kg for indoxacarb, 0.015 and 0.05 mg/kg for thiacloprid, respectively. The initial deposit of indoxacarb and thiacloprid were 0.620±0.025 and 1.078±0.011 mg/kg during 2016 with 0.4 and 1.6 day(s) waiting period, respectively and 0.622±0.015 mg/kg and 1.133±0.044 mg/kg during 2017 with 0.4 and 1.7 day(s) waiting period, respectively. Laboratory and field studies on relative safety of all the treatments to T. chilonis showed azadirachtin, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, melia & eupatorium safer to the parasitoid and lambda-cyhalothrin as highly toxic.