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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2011 - 201913
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Subject: Animal Reproduction and Gynecology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 13
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of sub-estrus in cows of Himachal Pradesh.
    (CSK HPKV, Palampur, 2019-08-19) Basir, Sadiya; Singh, Madhumeet
    The present study was conducted in Livestock Instructional Farm Complex and Teaching veterinary clinical complexof College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. Under this study, 50 apparently healthy silent estrus cows were screened for the presence of functionally active mature corpus luteum by Trans-rectal ultrasounonographic scanning. Equal and random distribution of these cows was done into 5 groups, viz. three hormonal treatments, one nutritional supplementation and one control groups. Ten cows in Group 1 (G1) received 500 mcg single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α (Cloprostenol) only. In Group 2 (G2), 10 cows which were initially treated with single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α for the lysis of CL were administered 10μg Buserelin acetate 72 hours later along with FTAI and repeat AI 24 hours thereafter. Group 3 (G3) cows were given single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α with subsequent administration of 1500 IU hCG 72 hours post induction along with FTAI, followed by repeat AI 24 hrs later. In Group 4 (G4), 10 cows were supplemented with 50 grams of mineral mixture, along with 10 ml To alternate days thrice and inseminated at observed estrus and in Group 5 (G5), 10 cows were maintained as untreated control group and did not undergo any treatment. These cows were inseminated at the observed estrus. The Incidence of silent estrus was recorded during clinico-gynaecological camps (n=89) conducted in different districts of Himachal Pradesh. Estrus induction rate of 100 per cent was recorded in G1, G2 and G3 cows, whereas, it was only 55.55 and 40.0 percent in G4 and G5 cows, respectively. Conception rate of 40.0, 45.5, 60.0, 40.0 and 25.0 per cent was recorded in G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. Subsequently, 50.0, 80.0, 75.0, 66.66 and 0 percent of the non-pregnant cows displayed signs of heat during successive estrus in G1, G2, G3, G4, G2 and G5 cows, respectively. Mean ovulatory follicular diameter of induced estrus cows was recorded as 11.96±0.36 mm and did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from cows under spontaneous estrus group (12.06±0.73 mm). However, significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the mean ovulatory diameter of pregnant (12.86±0.52a) and non-pregnant (11.58±0.30b) cows.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL HELMINTH PARASITIC INFESTATION ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN BOVINES OF HIMACHAL PRADESH.
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-07-23) Ankita Kumari; Singh, Madhumeet
    This study was planned to study the effect of gastro-intestinal parasitism on reproductive efficiency of bovines in Himachal Pradesh. The study was divided into two parts. Part one included the screening of gastro-intestinal parasites through coprological examination of cattle, buffaloes and yak crosses in different districts of Himachal Pradesh. Second part of study was conducting different treatment trials, in which total 100 cows confirmed for parasitic infestation by fecal examination were selected under different treatment groups out of which 80 were anestrus and 20 were without any reproductive ailment. Overall 53 cows were selected in University livestock farm and 47 were from field conditions around Palampur. Cows were divided into five groups viz. Fenbendazole treated (Group I; Farm; n=10, Field; n=10), mineral mixture supplemented (Group II; Farm; n=10, Field; n=10), Fenbendazole and mineral mixture supplementation in combination (Group III; Farm; n=12, Field; n=8), no treatment in positive cows (control I; Group IV; Farm; n=11, Field; n=9) and healthy cows without reproductive ailment (Control II; Group V; Farm; n=10, Field; n=10). Faecal examination was done for evaluation of parasitic load at pre and post stages of treatments, whereas, trans-rectal ultrasonography was done to understand follicular dynamics and ovarian response to various treatments followed by pregnancy diagnosis. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment for complete blood count and mineral estimation. In present study, incidence of gastro-intestinal parasites was 66.3, 50.0 and 46.3 per cent in cows, buffaloes and yak crosses, respectively, diagnosed with reproductive ailments. Highest incidence was reported in case of true anestrus animals. In case of treatment trial groups, maximum number of cows which showed return to estrus were those treated with de-wormer and mineral mixture, followed by dewormer and mineral mixture alone, respectively. Estrus induction rate was 50 per cent in Fenbendazole treated cows, whereas, it was 45.0, 60.0 and 15.0 per cent in mineral mixture supplemented, Fenbendazole and mineral mixture treated and control I group, respectively. Complete blood count parameters did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) under different treatment trials. Plasma concentration of inorganic Phosphorus showed significant increase (P<0.05) in animals treated with dewormer and mineral mixture. Plasma concentration of copper and magnesium showed significant increase (P<0.05) in animals treated with dewormer and mineral mixture, as well as animals treated with mineral mixture alone.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFERTILITY AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN FEMALE YAK HYBRIDS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH.
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-07-23) Verma, Abhay; Singh, Madhumeet
    For the evaluation of various reproductive ailments in female yak hybrids, clinical camps were conducted in various tribal areas of Himachal Pradesh. Overall, 150 female yak hybrids presented in camps were examined clinico-gynaecological. For analysis of mineral, hormonal and biochemical profile blood sampling was done for each animal. Cervico-vaginal discharge was collected in sterile vials from those female yak hybrids that were diagnosed to be suffering from endometritis, and were subjected for culture sensitivity test (CST). Questionnaire was prepared in accordance to reproductive and other basic parameters that were completed by the field staff and owners during various camps. In the present study, out of 170 clinical conditions diagnosed in 150 animals, the highest incidence was recorded for anestrus (34.70%) followed by miscellaneous reproductive disorders (ROP and Prolapse 11.76%), endometritis (9.41%) and cervical pathologies (1.17%). Whereas, 42.94 per cent yak crosses were found normal and out of them 41.17 per cent were either pregnant or had calved recently and 1.76 per cent were found in estrus at the time of examination. In endometritic, yak crosses, the highest sensitivity was recorded for Marbofloxacin (100%), followed by Ceftriaxone (75.0%). Metronidazole was resistant in all the animals followed by amoxicillin (75.0%). There was no significant difference in minerals, hormones and biochemical parameters of pregnant and non-pregnant female yak hybrids. The overall post-treatment recovery rate was 65.95 per cent following treatment in clinical camps. A significant difference was evident between ipsilateral and contralateral middle uterine artery’s Pulsatility Index, Resistance Index and Blood Flow Volume (TAMEAN basis) in pregnant female yak hybrid.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MANAGEMENT OF SUB-ESTRUS IN COWS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH.
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-08-19) Bashir, Sadiya; Singh, Madhumeet
    The present study was conducted in Livestock Instructional Farm Complex and Teaching veterinary clinical complexof College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. Under this study, 50 apparently healthy silent estrus cows were screened for the presence of functionally active mature corpus luteum by Trans- rectal ultrasounonographic scanning. Equal and random distribution of these cows was done into 5 groups, viz. three hormonal treatments, one nutritional supplementation and one control groups. Ten cows in Group 1 (G1) received 500 mcg single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α (Cloprostenol) only. In Group 2 (G2), 10 cows which were initially treated with single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α for the lysis of CL were administered 10μg Buserelin acetate 72 hours later along with FTAI and repeat AI 24 hours thereafter. Group 3 (G3) cows were given single mid-cycle injection of PGF2α with subsequent administration of 1500 IU hCG 72 hours post induction along with FTAI, followed by repeat AI 24 hrs later. In Group 4 (G4), 10 cows were supplemented with 50 grams of mineral mixture, along with 10 ml To alternate days thrice and inseminated at observed estrus and in Group 5 (G5), 10 cows were maintained as untreated control group and did not undergo any treatment. These cows were inseminated at the observed estrus. The Incidence of silent estrus was recorded during clinico-gynaecological camps (n=89) conducted in different districts of Himachal Pradesh. Estrus induction rate of 100 per cent was recorded in G1, G2 and G3 cows, whereas, it was only 55.55 and 40.0 percent in G4 and G5 cows, respectively. Conception rate of 40.0, 45.5, 60.0, 40.0 and 25.0 per cent was recorded in G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. Subsequently, 50.0, 80.0, 75.0, 66.66 and 0 percent of the non- pregnant cows displayed signs of heat during successive estrus in G1, G2, G3, G4, G2 and G5 cows, respectively. Mean ovulatory follicular diameter of induced estrus cows was recorded as 11.96±0.36 mm and did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from cows under spontaneous estrus group (12.06±0.73 mm). However, significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the mean ovulatory diameter of pregnant ( 12.86±0.52a) and non-pregnant (11.58±0.30b) cows.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON PREPUTIAL WASHINGS AND AT VARIOUS SUBSEQUENT STAGES OF SEMEN PROCESSING IN COW BULLS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-05-17) Rana, Pankaj; Singh, Madhumeet
    The objective of the present study was to quantify the bacterial load at various stages of its collection and processing viz. preputial washings, neat semen after collection and further extended and frozen semen post-thaw. Samples were collected twice, each from 15 bulls, at weekly interval at all the stages of collection and processing. Four egg yolk and 4 extender samples were also collected. Samples were cultured over Plate Count Agar (PCA) for estimation of bacterial load. Bacterial isolation was done over blood agar, nutrient agar, EMB agar, MLA and BGA agar. Various gross, microbiological and biological tests were used to identify the isolates. Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) was used for antibiogram of isolates. Of all 124 samples processed, per cent of samples found positive for bacterial presence were 100, 100, 73.33, 43.33, 75 and 0 in preputial washings, neat semen, extended semen, frozen semen straws, egg yolk and extender, respectively. The mean bacterial load per ml of different ejaculates (n=30) consisting of preputial washings, neat semen, extended semen and frozen semen post-thaw were 166608.00±28351.80 (15000-868750), 4107.31±433.04 (750-10100), 116±33.39 (0-600) and 29.00±15.51 (0-400) CFU/ml, respectively. The predominant organism isolated were Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. in preputial washings and Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. in neat, extended and frozen semen. Bacterial isolates were found to be sensitive to streptomycin, ciprofloxacin and marbofloxacin (100% each), gentamicin (93.33%), enrofloxacin (93.33%), ofloxacin (80.0%), ampicillin (40.0%) and lincomycin (39.99).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SUB-CLINICAL ENDOMETRITIS – DIAGNOSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON SUBSEQUENT REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN POST PARTUM DAIRY COWS
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2019-05-25) Rana, Anchal; Singh, Madhumeet
    The objective of the study was to record the incidence of sub-clincial endometritis (SCE), to compare the techniques of endometrial cytology to diagnose it and to determine the impact of SCE on the subsequent reproductive performance in postpartum dairy cows. Twenty-one postpartum dairy cows were divided into two groups viz. normal (n=16) and abnormal (retained placenta/postpartum metritis; n=5) calving. Cows belonging to abnormal calving group were administered antibiotic for 5 days. Selected cows were examined from day 14 to 42 after parturition. Samples for endometrial cytology and bacterial load estimation were collected at weekly interval from day 21 to 42 postpartum. Samples were obtained in a sequential manner, first with the cytotape (CT), then with the cytobrush (CB) followed by uterine lavage (UL). Parameters used to evaluate these methods were; presence of PMN cells (%), total cellularity, red blood cell (RBC) contamination and quality of the smears. Trans-rectal ultraonography was done from day 14 to 42 at weekly interval to study the uterine involution and to assess the onset of ovarian activity. Based upon endometrial cytology, incidence of SCE recorded was 18.75 per cent in cows calved normally and 100 per cent in cows with postpartum complications (abnormal calving). No difference was recorded between the three methods (CT, CB and UL) in per cent PMN cells recovered. All techniques provided diagnostic samples, however, CT yielded the highest quality sample. Whereas, CB and CT methods yielded similar total cellularity (P=0.3781), UL yielded significantly (P<0.01) less number of total cells than other two techniques. CT produced more intact cells than CB and UL and RBC’s contamination was found high in CB and UL techniques. Distorted cells were significantly (P<0.01) more frequent in smears by UL. Hence, CT method was found to be comparatively the best. A highly significant (P<0.05 and P<0.01) correlation was found between bacterial load and PMN cells obtained by three different techniques of endometrial cytology. First post-partum follicles were recorded on days 19.38±1.16 (n=13), 23.33±2.33 (n=3) and 21.0±2.85 (n=5) in the cows of normal calving SCE negative, normal calving SCE positive and abnormal calving SCE positive groups, respectively. Time taken for uterine involution was numerically longer in the cows with abnormal calving (32.2±1.71), as compared to normal calved cows diagnosed negative (27.46±1.24) or positive (28.0±0) for SCE, respectively. Ovarian rebound and uterine involution was delayed in SCE positive cows, however, it was non-significant (P>0.05). Overall, 44.44 and 25 per cent first service conception rate was recorded in the cows diagnosed negative or positive for SCE, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Infertility in bovines of Himachal Pradesh – Prevalence, diagnosis and therapeutic management
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07-24) Parvesh Kumar; Singh, Madhumeet
    The study was conducted in different districts of Himachal Pradesh through 226 infertility treatment camps. Overall, 3726 bovine (3203 cows and 523 buffaloes) were diagnosed to be affected with 4609 (3991 in cows and 618 in buffaloes) reproductive ailments. A total of 624 cervico-vaginal discharge samples were collected from the bovines (563 from cows and 61 from buffaloes) which were diagnosed to be endometritic at the time of clinico-gynaecological examination. Overall, 1084 blood samples were collected from different animals (913 from cows and 171 from buffaloes) showing reproductive problems for analysis of various minerals, hormones and biochemicals. All the animals were treated for different reproductive ailments with different standard treatments. Main clinical conditions responsible for infertility in cows in Himachal Pradesh were true anestrus (27.11%), endometritis (23.35%), cervical pathologies (6.19%), silent estrus (5.44%) and prolonged estrus (4.71%). In buffaloes, true anestrus (56.96%) followed by endometritis (16.18%) were the main causes responsible for infertility In endometritic cows and buffaloes, the highest sensitivity of bacteria was recorded for fluoroquinolones and least for metronidazole, penicillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin and ampicillin. Cows of Lahaul & Spiti and Shimla and buffaloes of Mandi district were significantly deficit in calcium and magnesium. Similarly, cows of Lahaul Spiti and cows and buffaloes of district Bilaspur were significantly deficit in total protein. The clinical cases referred to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of the college were examined via transrectal ultrasonography. Ultrasound was found to be an effective tool for diagnosis of some of the reproductive disorders which were otherwise difficult to diagnose. The overall recovery rate was 65.95 per cent in cows and 82.23 per cent in buffaloes following treatment in these camps. A very high response was observed for cows treated for endometritis (61.39%), true anestrus (80.51%) and silent estrus (74.19 %). In cases of cervical problems a response of 39.29 per cent was recorded. Similarly, 75.0 per cent anestrus and 84.85 per cent repeat breeder buffaloes responded to the treatment.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ETIO-PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS OF BOVINE DYSTOCIA IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2012) Khan, Shama; Singh, Madhumeet