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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Study on microclimate of wheat crop and validation of DSSAT under different sowing environments(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-09) Premdeep; Khichar, M.LField experiment entitled “Study on microclimate of wheat crop and validation of DSSAT under different sowing environments” was conducted during Rabi season (2015-16 and 2016-17) at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (29° 10 N, 75° 46 E and altitude 215.2 m). The experiment was comprised of three sowing dates main plot treatments namely D1 (2nd fortnight of November), D2 (1st fortnight of December) and D3 (2nd fortnight of December); three varieties V1 (WH 1105), V2 (DPW 621-50) and V3 (HD 2967) sub plot treatments comprising. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Different agrometeorological indices viz. GDD, HTU, PTU and PTI accumulation was significantly higher under D1 (2nd fortnight of November) sowing date at all the phenophases in comparison to the other dates of sowing. The requirement of growing degree days were more in D1 (2nd fortnight of November). Highest PAR and RUE values obtained in D1 (2nd fortnight of November) date of sowing with V1 (WH 1105) variety as compared to other treatments.The highest plant height, dry matter accumulation and LAI was recorded under D1 and V1 with maximum CCI at anthesis stage. Chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance was highest recorded under D1 during anthesis stage as compared to other date of sowing. The yield and yield attributes viz. ear per plant, length of spike, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield significantly higher under early sowing (D1) as compared to late sown. Weather variables showed a positive and negative correlation with yield and yield attributes. Simulation performance of model showed an overestimation with days to emergence, anthesis, physiological maturity while grain yield, straw yield and harvest index showed a over-underestimation of results.ThesisItem Open Access In-season temperature variations in Indian mustard: An agrometeorological analysis(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-09) Mohammad Ahatsham; Surender SinghA field experiment entitled “In-season temperature variations in Indian mustard: An agrometeorological analysis” was conducted during rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Research Farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar. The D1 (25th Oct. and 07th Oct.) sown crop perform better in respect of agrometeorological, growth indices and yield parameters as compared to D2 (05th Nov. and 20th Oct.) and D3 (15th Nov. and 03rd Nov) date of sowings. The delay sowing of mustard crop led to shortening of vegetative and reproductive phase duration. Among the varieties; RH 0749 performed better in respect of agrometeorological, growth, stress indices, yield and yield attributes as compared to Laxmi, RH 406, RH 30 and Kranti in both the seasons. Higher temperature during reproductive phase caused stress which resulted in forced maturity and reduced the reproductive phase duration significantly under the late sown crop. Increased mean maximum temperature during the seed development phase decreased the seed yield and produced poor quality seed. The crop growth rate was initially low then increased till seed development (P5) and attained maximum value at seed development stage and then declined consistently till the maturity stage. The cultivar RH 0749 took more days (150 in 2015-16 and 138 in 2014-15 season) to attain physiological maturity. Under stress and non-stress conditions RH 0749 were found low drought susceptibility and high yield stability. The regression model developed for predicting growth and development of mustard crop using various meteorological parameters explained the variability to the extent of 62, 69, 87, 87 and 71 per cent for leaf area index, drymatter, biological yield, seed yield and number of siliquae, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Spatio-temporal Progression of Yellow Wheat Rust in relation to Weather in NW India(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-12) Madho Singh; Niwas, RamField experiment entitled “Spatio-temporal progression of yellow wheat rust in relation to weather in NW India” was conducted during rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016- 17 at different locations of NW India, at HAU, Hisar. The first appearance of yellow rust on 9th Jan. (2nd SMW) in Yamuna Nagar during 2015-16 and during 2016-17 the yellow rust was observed on 29th Dec. (52 SMW) in Gurdaspur station.. Disease severity was higher (70%) during rabi 2015-16 as compared to 2016-17 (60%). The maximum temperature, minimum temperature and Vapour pressure deficit were positive significant correlated whereas morning and evening relative humidity were negatively correlated with disease severity of yellow rust and rainfall had non significant correlation with disease severity. The variability in disease severity can be explained from 72 to 96 percent by minimum temperature and maximum relative humidity. The spectral indices viz., NDVI, VI, NRI and NPCI were negatively correlated with disease severity and DWSI and PSRI were positively correlated with disease severity of yellow rust at all the locations.The best fit model based on spectral indices explained the variability in disease severity of yellow rust up to 98 percent by NDVI and DWSI at Jammu, 74 percent at Gurdaspur, 94 percent at Yamuna Nagar, 95 percent at Dhaula Kuan, 97 percent at Ambala, and 92 percent at Karnal, and 99 percent at Hisar, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Simulation of potato cultivars response to planting dates in a sub-tropical environment using SUBSTOR-Potato model(CCSHAU, 2019) Yogesh Kumar; Raj SinghField experiment entitled “Simulation of potato cultivars response to planting dates in a sub-tropical environment using SUBSTOR-Potato model” was conducted during Rabi season (2016- 17 and 2017-18) at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (Lat. - 29° 10 N, Long. - 75° 46 E and altitude 215.2 amsl). The experiment was comprised of four planting dates main plot treatments namely (D1) -8th October, (D2) - 22th October, (D3) – 5th November (D4) – 15th November; sub plot treatments comprising three different cultivars viz. (V1)- Kufri Bahar, (V2)- Kufri Pushkar and (V3)- Kufri Surya. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with four replications. Different agrometeorological indices viz. AGDD, AHTU, APTU, RUE and TUE accumulation was significantly higher under second planting dates at various phenophases in comparison to the other planting dates. Among varying planting dates for evaluation of effect of planting time on growth, development and yield parameters of potato, second planting date (D2- 22th October) resulted in better overall growth and produced higher tuber and haulm yield as compared to first planting dates (D1), third (D3) and fourth planting dates (D4) in both the crop seasons. While, among varieties, Kufri Pushkar produced highest tuber yield with better yield attributes as compared to Kufri Bahar and Kufri Surya, in both the crop seasons. In respect of phenological observations, agrometeorological indices and growth parameters shows better in 22th October sown crop with variety Kufri Pushkar, among different planting dates and varieties. The micrometeorological parameters were performed better in 22th October sown crop under different planting dates. Temperature profiles were inverse throughout the day with in the crop canopy. Over the top of the crop canopy the temperature profiles was lapse. The relative humidity profiles were lapse inside the crop canopy throughout the day except at 9:00 AM hours, iso-humic at different phenophases during both crop seasons. SUBSTOR-Potato model was calibrated for the 2016-17 and derived their genetic coefficients and further outputs were validated for second season 2017-18. The results revealed that comparison of observed and simulated days to tuber initiation and physiological maturity were in good agreement in Sub-tropical environment. The simulated tuber yield under D1 and D3 planting, model simulation under estimated and the rest of planting dates it showed over estimation results. Simulation performance of the model was found satisfactory and over estimated by the model with reasonable agreement (±10 %). The model has proved to a suitable tool for optimization in potato management, prediction of phenology and estimates potential yield.ThesisItem Open Access Simulation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield under different environments(CCSHAU, 2018) Nayak, Mukesh Kumar; Raj SinghField experiment entitled “Simulation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield under different environments” was conducted during Rabi season (2014-15 and 2015-16) at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (29° 10¢ N, 75° 46¢ E and altitude 215.2 m). The experiment was comprised of four sowing dates main plot treatments namely D1 (5th November), D2 (20th November), D3 (5th December) and D4 (20th December); four irrigation levels sub plot treatments comprising. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications. Different agrometeorological indices viz. GDD, HTU, PTU and PTI accumulation was significantly higher under D4 (20th December) sowing date at all the phenophases in comparison to the other dates of sowing. The requirement of heat units were more in higher level of irrigation application. Highest PAR and RUE values obtained in D1 (5th Nov.) date of sowing with I4 irrigation as compared to other treatments. The maximum RUE was obtained under D1 (5th Nov.) sown crop with more irrigation level (I4). The highest plant height, dry matter accumulation and LAI was recorded under D1 and I4 irrigation level with maximum CCI at anthesis stage. The yield and yield attributes viz. no. of tillers per clum, length of spike, no. of grains per spike, no. of spikelets per spike, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield significantly higher under early sowing (D1) with I4 irrigation level. Weather variables showed a positive and negative correlation with yield and yield attributes. Simulation performance of model showed an overestimation with days to anthesis, leaf stem weight at anthesis, physiological maturity while grain yield, straw yield and harvest index showed a over-underestimation of results. Sensitivity of CERES- wheat model showed a gradual decrease in grain yield if there were gradual incremental units like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, solar radiation and CO2 level to normal values.ThesisItem Open Access Performance of meteorological, remote sensing and dynamic simulation models in wheat under Hisar conditions(CCSHAU, 2013) Biswas, Barun; Ram NiwasField experiment entitled “Performance of Meteorological, Remote Sensing and Dynamic Simulation Models in Wheat under Hisar Conditions” was conducted during Rabi season (2010-11 and 2011-12) at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (29° 10 N, 75° 46 E and altitude 215.2 m). The experiment was comprised of three sowing dates main plot treatments namely (D1)-Early sowing on 5 November, (D2)-Timely sowing on 25 November and (D3)- Late sowing on 15 December; two sub plot treatments comprising two different cultivars viz. (V1)- WH711 and (V2)- DBW17; three sun-sub plot treatments of nitrogen doses viz. (N1)- 75% of the recommended dose, (N2)- 100% of the recommended dose and (N3)- 125% of the recommended dose. The experiment was laid out in split-split plot design with four replications. Different agrometeorological indices viz. GDD, HTU and PAU accumulation was significantly higher under early sowing date at all the phenopases in comparison to the other dates of sowing. The requirement of heat units were more in higher level of nitrogen application. Canopy reflectance of wheat crop was greatly influenced by date of sowing in both visible and infra-red bands. Green and IR reflectance were highest in 5 November sowing and in N1 nitrogen application. Different spectral indices (NDVI, GNDVI, RNDVI, PRI, SR, GVI and RVI) showed significant difference among crop under different growing environments and nitrogen levels. Above indices also indicated better crop growth and biomass production in early sowing and higher nitrogen fertilization. Different growing environment environments had affected wheat grain yield significantly and it was highest in 5 November sown crop. Nitrogen levels had also influenced the grain yield and produced highest grain yield in 125% nitrogen dose. The meteorological, spectral and integrated models developed using principal component analysis explained maximum variability in grain yield up to 98%. The crop parameters estimated by DSSAT model were closer to observed values as compared to the estimations by WOFOST model. However, the prediction made by integrated model was also closer to the actual values observed in the field. But such result was due to the fact that same data was used for prediction.ThesisItem Open Access Thermal Stress Management And Evaluation Of Ceres Model In Wheat Under Late Sown Conditions(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Mani, Jugal Kishor; Singh, RajThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Agrometeorological Parameters On Population Of Sucking Pests Of Cotton Under Different Environments(College Of Agriculture CCS Haryana Agricultural University : Hisar, 2010) Kumar,Naresh.; Niwas,Ram.ThesisItem Open Access Agro-Ecological Zoning of Haryana in context of climate change and post-harvest agriculture avenues(CCSHAU, 2015) Saharan, Vinod Kumar; Ram NiwasThe present investigation was carried out on thermal, humidity, rainfall, moisture index, soil texture and LGP maps were prepared in the GIS environment using Arc Info 10.1. Agro-ecological zones and sub-zones were delineated by logical combination of soil texture layer in addition to all the spatial input layers (moisture index, LGP and soil layer). Maximum temperature showed decreasing trend (-1.90C/100 year) where as minimum temperature showed increasing trend (2.170C/100 year) mean air temperature showed increasing trend (0.6980C/100 year). Morning humidity showed increasing trend at all the seven stations. Similar trend was also observed in evening humidity at all stations except Bawal where it showed decrease trend. Mean relative humidity showed increasing trend at all stations. Rainfall showed increasing trend (2.72mm/100 year) at all the stations in Haryana except Karnal. Haryana was divided in to 4 climate zones based on moisture index. Eight major and 28 sub agro-ecological zones were delineated by overlapping of climate, LGP and soil digital layers in Haryana. A shift in climatic zones of about 60 km was observed. Crop growing period of 3 to 4 mounts is available in zone- 1(Arid and less than 90 days LGP) and zone-2(Arid and 90-120 days LGP), 4 to 6 months growing period was available in Zone-3(Semi arid and 120-150 days LGP) and zone-4 (Semi arid and 150-180 days LGP), 6 to 7 months growing period is available zone-5 (Semi arid and 180-210 days LGP) and zone-6(Semi arid and more than 210 days LGP). More than 7 months growing period were available in Zone-7 (Dry sub humid and more than 210 days LGP) and Zone-8(Moist sub humid and more than 210 days LGP). Zone-1 is suitable for mono cropping systems. Zone-2 is suitable for single long duration crop. Zone-3 to zone-6 was suitable for double cropping systems. Zone-7 and zone-8 are suitable for multi- cropping systems. Four potential processing areas were identified for establishment of processing units for processing of farm production based on the availability of raw agricultural products cultivated in surrounding area due to suitability of agro-ecological zones.
