Simulation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield under different environments
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Field experiment entitled “Simulation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield
under different environments” was conducted during Rabi season (2014-15 and 2015-16) at research
farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (29° 10¢ N, 75° 46¢ E and altitude
215.2 m). The experiment was comprised of four sowing dates main plot treatments namely D1 (5th
November), D2 (20th November), D3 (5th December) and D4 (20th December); four irrigation levels sub
plot treatments comprising. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications.
Different agrometeorological indices viz. GDD, HTU, PTU and PTI accumulation was significantly
higher under D4 (20th December) sowing date at all the phenophases in comparison to the other dates of
sowing. The requirement of heat units were more in higher level of irrigation application. Highest PAR
and RUE values obtained in D1 (5th Nov.) date of sowing with I4 irrigation as compared to other
treatments. The maximum RUE was obtained under D1 (5th Nov.) sown crop with more irrigation level
(I4). The highest plant height, dry matter accumulation and LAI was recorded under D1 and I4 irrigation
level with maximum CCI at anthesis stage. The yield and yield attributes viz. no. of tillers per clum,
length of spike, no. of grains per spike, no. of spikelets per spike, test weight, grain yield, straw yield
and biological yield significantly higher under early sowing (D1) with I4 irrigation level. Weather
variables showed a positive and negative correlation with yield and yield attributes. Simulation
performance of model showed an overestimation with days to anthesis, leaf stem weight at anthesis,
physiological maturity while grain yield, straw yield and harvest index showed a over-underestimation
of results. Sensitivity of CERES- wheat model showed a gradual decrease in grain yield if there were
gradual incremental units like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, solar radiation and CO2
level to normal values.
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