Loading...
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
Browse
14 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Estimation of effective demand and economic analysis of fruit and vegetable crops in Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-08) Raj Kumar; Rathee, Anil KumarThe present investigation was carried out to study the effective demand, cost and returns, trends in arrivals and prices, marketing cost, margins, price spread and marketing efficiency through different channels and constraints faced by farmers in production, marketing and processing of fruits and vegetables. For study purpose, Sonepat, Kurukshetra, Nuh, Yamunanagar and Sirsa districts of Haryana state having the highest production under fruits and vegetables cultivation, were purposively selected. From each selected district one block for fruits (mango, kinnow, guava and ber) and one block for vegetables (potato, cauliflower, tomato and onion) were selected. From each selected block, 30 farmers were selected for each fruit and vegetable crops which constituted a total sample of 240 fruits and vegetables growers. Per capita net availability of fruits was 52.00 and 141.00 and the consumption gap was 7.28 and 108.67 grams/person/day, in Haryana and India, respectively. Similarly in case of vegetable per capita net availability was 417.32 and 272.00 and the consumption gap was 175.32 and 63.51 grams/person/day, in Haryana and India, respectively. The average total cost in establishment of mango, kinnow, guava and ber orchard in the selected districts was `28034, 127979, 77527 and 35316 per hectare and the annual operating cost `71928, 89076, 88914 and 66880 per hectare, respectively. Further the net returns were `256856, 272845, 223308 and 84338 per hectare. The benefit cost ratio obtained was equal to 1:4.02, 1:3.76, 1:3.09 and 1:2.52 under mango, kinnow, guava and ber, respectively. In case of vegetable crops net returns were `95425, 96799, 105774 and 48517 per hectare, and the benefit cost ratio obtained was equal to 1:1.53, 1:1.46, 1:1.58 and 1:1.35 under potato, cauliflower, tomato and onion, respectively. In fruits and vegetables there was inverse relationship between arrival and prices. There was a considerable negative relation in time and arrival in the market under study and there was a significant and positive relationship between time and prices. It was found that channel-V was the most efficient among all the marketing channels in the fruits crops and channel-IV was most efficient marketing channel in case of vegetable crops. The major problems faced by the farmer in the production, marketing and processing of fruits were having high cost of pesticides (90.00%), lack of knowledge of recommended fertilizer doses (86.67%), absence of minimum support prices (90.00%), too much fluctuation in prices (86.67%), higher rate of charges power and fuel (80.00%), lack of technical man power (80.00%).In case of vegetables, high cost of pesticides (90.00%), high cost of seed (86.67%), lack of cold chain facilities (90.00%), high cost of transportation (86.67%), higher rate of charges power and fuel (90.00%), lack of technical man power (83.33%) were found major constraints in production, marketing and processing of vegetables. There exists ample scope for the profitable expansion of cultivation, marketing and processing of fruits and vegetables in Haryana as well as in India. The analysis of effective demand under the present study further strengthens it.ThesisItem Open Access Role of Sarva Haryana Gramin Bank in Financing in Agriculture(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019) Jitendra Kumar; Mehta, V.PRole of Sarva Haryana Gramin Bank was studied with the following objectives,to study the performance of loans, to study the behaviour and adequacy of loans,to determine the factors affecting amount of loans and to identify the constraints in getting loans and repayment.The present study was based on both primary as well as secondary data. Secondary data was collected pertaining to the year 2009-10 to 2017-18 from the annual reports of randomly selected eight branches of Sarva Haryana Gramin Bank.Primary data for the year 2019 regarding utilization pattern and credit gap was collected from 160 selected respondents with the help of pre-tested schedule. The efforts made by SHGB in branch expansion, deposit mobilization, and credit deployment in weaker section of rural areas are appreciable. SHGB successfully achieved its objectives like taking banking to doorstep of farmers, providing credit without time lag and cheaper credit to weaker sections, encouraging rural savings for productive activities and bringing down the cost of accessing credit in rural areas The performance of SHGB in branch expansion, income, expenditure and profit changed over the period with CGR stood that 11, 26, 33 and 19 per cent, respectively. Moreover, credit and deposit of SHGB increased significantly over the period with a CGR of 21 and 25 per cent, respectively. After amalgamation of Haryana Gramin Gramin Bank & Gurugram Gramin Bank profit, credit and deposit of Sarva Haryana Gramin Bank increasedwithapproximately twice the earlier growth rate.Farmers utilized credit either for productive purposes or for non-productive purposes. The results of utilization pattern of marginal farmers showed that under productive use, it was mainly spent for fertilizers (17.02%), labour (7.31%), and irrigation (7.29%). Whereas, small farmers used credit for productive purposes such as instruments purchase (9.31%), fertilizers (18.51%), POL (7.37%). Moreover, large farmers also mainly used loan for fertilizer purchase, instruments purchase and POL. Altogether, all farmers be it marginal, small or large, used credit primarily for purchasing fertilizers.The analysis showed that marginal and small farmers had to mainly divert credit a major portion of their credit for repayment of old debts. Share of credit used in productive purposes of loan increased with the increase land holding.Also, per hectare amount of credit diverted for other productive purposes was also noted to be negatively associated with increase in the size of holdings. Investigation of credit gap for marginal, small and large farmers was done on the basis of loan demanded by the respondent and loan advanced by the bank. It was fund that credit gap had decreased with the increase of land holding. Farmers face number of constraints in getting and repayment of loan such as more paper work, loan not available at time and repayment of old debts etc. Based these problemsit is suggested that SHGB should provide credit with minimum formalities, SHGB credit limit should be increased to fulfill the credit gapThe amount of installments repayment should be matched with the expected farm income of farmers from the agricultural operations.ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of vegetable cultivation under protected structures in Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-09) Parveen Kumar; Chauhan, Ranvir SinghThe present study aims at dealing with present status of protected structures, costs and returns of vegetables in these structures, marketing pattern of vegetables and constraints related to yield and marketing of vegetables. For the present study, three districts from Haryana state were selected i.e. Hisar, Karnal and Sonepat. From each district, 60 farmers were purposively selected which constituted a total sample of 180 farmers. In Haryana, mainly three types of protected structures are found. In every structure cucumber, capsicum and tomato vegetable were grown by the farmers. The total area under different types of protected structures in Haryana during the year 2017-18 was 757.80 ha. The findings of the study indicated that in naturally ventilated polyhouse the highest total cost incurred on cucumber in Sonepat was ₹732732.07/ha. Higher yield of cucumber was found in Hisar (1041.37q/ha). The gross returns from cucumber was highest from Sonepat ₹1106290.79/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Hisar 1.56. In net house highest total cost incurred on cucumber in Karnal ₹570140.49/ha. Higher yield of cucumber was also found in Karnal 988.42 q/ha. The gross returns from cucumber was highest from Sonepat ₹995040.42/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Sonepat 1.74. In walk-in-tunnel structures highest total cost incurred on cucumber in Sonepat was ₹673334.71. Higher yield of cucumber was found in Hisar 967.84 q/ha. The gross returns from cucumber under walk-in-tunnel was highest from Sonepat ₹1047062.1/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Hisar 1.58. The findings of the study indicated that in naturally ventilated polyhouse, highest total cost was incurred on capsicum in Sonepat (₹849261.06/ha). Higher yield of capsicum was found in Karnal (957.53 q/ha). The gross returns from capsicum was highest from Karnal ₹1436300.03/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Karnal 2.00. In net house the highest total cost incurred on capsicum in Karnal ₹642475.50/ha. Higher yield of capsicum was found in Karnal 766.02 q/ha. The gross returns from capsicum was highest from Hisar ₹1186105.83/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Hisar 1.92. In walk-intunnel the highest total cost incurred on capsicum in Hisar was ₹768638.83/ha. Higher yield of capsicum was found in Sonepat 879.69q/ha. The gross returns from capsicum was highest from Sonepat ₹879.69/ha. Benefitcost ratio was highest recorded in Hisar 1.54. The finding of the study indicated that in naturally ventilated polyhouse the highest total cost incurred on tomato in Hisar ₹814093.89/ha. Higher yield of tomato was found in Karnal 864.87q/ha. The gross returns from tomato was highest from Karnal ₹1210816.37/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Karnal 1.63. In net house the highest total cost incurred on tomato in Hisar ₹603706.049/ha. Higher yield of tomato was found in Hisar 710.43q/ha. The gross returns from tomato was highest from Hisar ₹959077.76/ha. Benefit-cost ratio was highest recorded in Hisar 1.59. The producer’s share in the consumer’s rupee was highest in channel-III (producer to consumer) in all markets Marketing efficiency also showed that the channel III is the most efficient marketing channel. Major yield constraints in Hisar, Karnal and Sonepat were high attack of insect pest & diseases and nematode problem while irrigation and low and imbalance fertilizer was least faced problems. Major marketing constraints in all districts was lack of minimum support price and too much fluctuations in prices.ThesisItem Open Access An analytical study on impact of WTO on agricultural trade in India(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-12) Kavita; Mehta, V PThe study on “An analytical study on impact of WTO on agricultural trade in India” was done with the following objectives: (1) To study the trends of agricultural trade in India during Pre and Post-WTO regime (2) To compute the terms of trade in Indian agriculture (3) To examine the comparative advantage in India‟s agricultural trade (4) To study the instability of India‟s agricultural trade and suggest appropriate policy measures for improving the agricultural trade. The present study was based on secondary data collected from the various published sources, viz., various issues of hand book of RBI, FAO Trade year Book, Statistical Abstract in India, indiastat.com, FAOSTAT etc. The data were grouped into two periods (Pre-WTO and Post-WTO) depending upon the formation of world trade organization and its effect on export and import of agricultural sector, Period-I is characterized by impact of world trade organization on agricultural trade before formation of world trade organization and ranged from 1975 to1994 and Period-II ranged from 1995 to 2015 which is the Post-WTO period. India became a member of WTO on 1st January 1995 and it was the first multilateral agreement, meant to curb unfair practices in agricultural trade and set off the process of reforms in the agricultural sector. A decreasing trend was observed in agricultural export share of India in world‟s agricultural export during pre- WTO period and an increasing trend during post-WTO period whereas India‟s import share showed reverse trend. Agricultural export share in national export has been showing decreasing trend during pre as well as post-WTO period. Similarly agricultural import share in national import has been showing decreasing trend during pre and post-WTO period. Terms of trade of agricultural sector of India in quantity as well as value terms were decline during pre-WTO period and intensified during post-WTO period. Indian agricultural sector shows trade surplus during pre-WTO period as well as post-WTO period. India has gained comparative advantage in export of cereals, pulses, spices and cash crops and comparative disadvantage in oilseeds, dairy products and eggs, meat and meat preparation whereas mixed result observed in case of fruits and vegetables export. Agricultural trade and national trade were stable during pre-WTO period as compared to post-WTO period.ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of beekeeping: Production and marketing of honey in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2018) Sumit; Chauhan, R.S.The present study aims at dealing with costs and returns of beekeeping, marketing pattern of honey, impact of honey on income and employment, trends of export and import of honey and constraints related to production and marketing of honey. For the present study, Haryana state was divided into two zones i.e. eastern and western zones. From eastern zone, Kaithal and Yamunanagar and from western zone, Hisar and Sirsa districts were selected purposely. From each district, a random sample of 30 beekeepers was selected which constituted a total sample of 120 beekeepers. The beekeepers were categorized into small, medium and large categories by cumulative total method on the basis of number of boxes i.e., small (up to 120), medium (121-250) and large (more than 250). In eastern and western zones, it was observed that overall average expenditure on bees per farm and per colony was the major item of investment accounting for 73.69 and 73.90 per cent, respectively, of the total fixed investment. The overall average total depreciation on fixed capital and interest on fixed investment were 23.18 per cent and variable cost was 76.82 per cent of the total investment. In eastern and western zones, gross returns per farm, per colony and per kg were ` 761471.42 and 956886.13, 6674.89 and 6664.48, ` 222.63 and ` 203.73, respectively. In eastern and western zones, net returns per farm, per colony and per kg were ` 550551.56 and 677394.30, ` 4826.01 and 4717.89 and ` 163.28 and 143.62, respectively. In eastern and western zones, the benefit-cost ratio was 3.75 and 3.39, respectively. Channel-II (Producer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer) was adopted by most of the beekeepers irrespective of the zone. The average price of honey was ` 299.19 and 297.74 per kg for consumer in eastern and western zones, respectively. In eastern zone, the impact of beekeeping on net income and additional income from employment per farm and per colony was ` 1044433.33 and 4943.85, ` 83392.38 and 518.40, respectively. Similarly, in western zone, the impact of beekeeping on net income and additional income from employment per farm and per colony was ` 970456.81 and 4589.85, and ` 107872.57 and 642.06, respectively. Quantity of honey exported from India increased by 95.98 per cent in the year 2015-16 over the year 2008-09, while import of honey decreased by 84.89 per cent. The linear growth rate and compound annual growth rate for honey export is predicted 5.48 and 105.65 per cent, respectively. As far as the constraints in production and marketing of honey are concerned, beekeepers were unaware about social, environmental, physical, economical and technological constraints in production. Low selling price of honey, higher expenditure on transportation and delay in payment were the major constraints in marketing of honey in both the zones.ThesisItem Open Access Application of market information system of major agricultural commodities in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2017) Veer Sain; Kundu, K.K.The study on “Application of Market Information System of Major Agricultural Commodities in Haryana” was carried out with the following objectives : (1) To study the existing market Information Sytem for Basmati rice, maize, mustard, gram and cotton crops in Haryana, (2) To study the pattern and extent of dissemination and utilization of existing formal information by stakeholders, (3) To estimate the price forecasts and long term relationship in prices among domestic markets, and (4) To identify the constraints in the existing formal information system and suggest possible alternatives. The present study covered Karnal, Ambala, Mahendergarh, Bhiwani and Sirsa districts of Haryana (selected purposively). Two blocks from each district i.e. from Karnal (Karnal and Assandh), Ambala (Naraingarh and Sahazadpur), Mahendergarh (Mahendergarh and Kanina), Bhiwani (Siwani and Tosham) and Sirsa (Dabwali and Baragudha) having the maximum area under the major agricultural commodities were purposively selected for the present study. Form each district, four regulated markets were randomly selected due to maximum arrival i.e. Basmati Rice from Karnal (Karnal, Gharaunda, Assandh and Taraori), maize from Ambala (Sahazadpur, Mullana, Naraingarh and Ambala city), mustard from Mahendergarh (Mahendergarh, Ateli, Kanina and Narnaul), gram from Bhiwani (Siwani, Charkhi Dadri, Tosham and Bhiwani) and cotton from Sirsa (Dabwali, Ellenabad, Sirsa and Kalanwali) under the major agricultural commodities. Out of the total sample, 60 farmers from each district so 30 farmers one block and 10 traders from each regulated market, so 40 traders from each district were randomly selected. Thus, the sample size consisted of 300 farmers, 200 traders and 20 market committees. Out of the expectations of farmers on quality, prices in potential markets, price projections; only arrivals and prices were documented and disseminated with traditional/modern approach. Hence, there is a need to create awareness among the farmers through the agricultural extension agencies like the State Department of Agriculture, Krishi Vigyan Kendras, etc. so that the marketing information on agricultural commodities is incorporated in the extension services along with production aspects to the farmers. Forecasting of prices showed that the prices of Basmati rice, maize, mustard, gram and cotton in Karnal, Ambala, Mahendergarh, Bhiwani and Sirsa districts, respectively were moving in same trend as predicted. The Dickey-Fuller test indicated that the order of integration of prices among selected markets was similar with zero suggesting that the prices are integrated in the long run in Karnal, Ambala, Mahendergarh, Bhiwani and Sirsa districts. ARIMA model could be used for forecasting prices of other agricultural commodities and transmitted through a network to the farmers so as to enable them to make appropriate production and marketing decisions.ThesisItem Open Access Economic Analysis Of Food Grain Supply, Distribution And Consumption In India(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2011) Leema, Zemedu Seifu; Grover, R.K.ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of production and marketing of major vegetable crops in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2015) Ajay Kumar; Pannu, R.S.India is the second largest producer of vegetable in the world next to China. The cauliflower, potato, onion, tomato and radish are the major vegetable crops of Haryana. The present investigation was carried out to study the growth rates, cost structure, returns, resource use efficiency, price spread, marketing efficiency and constraints in production and marketing of major vegetables. The study was conducted in Sonipat for cauliflower, Yamunanagar for potato, Ambala for onion, Karnal for tomato and Gurgaon for radish as these vegetables were selected. From each district one tehsil and two villages from each tehsil were selected on the bases of highest area. Samples of 15 farmers from each selected village were selected thereby making a sample of 150 vegetable growers. The vegetable markets of Gurgaon, Karnal, Sonipat, Yamunanagar, Panipat, Panchkula and Ambala were perposively selected as these are near to the main production area. The cauliflower was selected for Sonipat and Panipat markets, potato for Yamunanagar, onion in Ambala and Panchkula, tomato in Karnal and radish in Gurgaon market. Ten intermediaries from each market were selected randomly making a sample of 70 intermediaries. The compound growth rates of area, production and productivity in Haryana have registered significant and positive growth rate in cauliflower, potato, onion, tomato and radish. Productivity has shown positive and significant growth in Haryana for cauliflower, potato and onion. In Sonipat, Karnal and Gurgaon, area and production has shown positive and significant growth in cauliflower, tomato and radish, respectively. In Yamunanagar and Ambala, compound growth rate of area, production and productivity has shown positive and significant growth under potato and onion, respectively. The cost of cultivation of cauliflower, potato, onion, tomato and radish were higher on large farms as compared to medium & small farms. The gross returns were found higher in medium farms as compared to large and small farms. The cost of production per quintal was lower on medium farms and higher on large and small farms indicating that the medium farms were having economies of scale in production. The net income was higher on medium farms as compared to small and large farms in cauliflower, potato, onion, tomato and radish. There was no difference in marketable and marketed surplus because of perishable nature of vegetables and farmers were hard pressed by their cash needs for post-harvest immediate sale. In cauliflower, potato, onion, tomato and radish, channel-I (Producer → Commission agent cum wholesaler →Retailer →Consumer) was more efficient as it ensured higher percent share of farmer in the consumer's rupee as compared to channel-II (Producer → Village trader → Commission agent cum wholesaler →Retailer →Consumer). Major production related constraints expressed by vegetable growers were higher labour charges, unavailability of labour when needed, higher production expenditure, lack of suitable cold storage facilities, high cost of storage, lack of information about high yielding varieties and their seed/planting materials, high cost of seeds, high cost of fertilizers, non-availability of fertilizer when needed, manual weeding is time consuming and labour intensive, less effective and costly weedicides, spurious plant protection chemicals, higher prices of insecticide/pesticides and lack of credit. Major marketing related constraints expressed by vegetable growers were; Marketing problems in village: Low price/non-remunerative prices, no ready market, malpractices in weighing, lack of cooperative marketing system in village and dominance of traders in village. Marketing problems in mandi: Higher price fluctuations, Lack of market information, lack of transportation, high transportation cost, existence of large number of intermediaries in marketing process, higher margin of middlemen, lack of labour for loading and unloading, losses during transportation/transactions, unorganized marketing system. Major constraints in marketing of vegetables faced by middlemen were problem of storage facilities, lack of processing industries/units, higher price fluctuations, problem of drayage and spoilage, high cost of labour, lack of transportation facilities, high transportation cost and delay in payments.ThesisItem Open Access An Economic Analsis Of Production And Marketing Of Cotton In Haryana(College Of Agriculture CCS Haryana Agricultural University : Hisar, 2010) Singh,Gulab.; Singh,Arjun.
