Loading...
Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960.
The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.
Browse
433 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Exploring native arbuscular mycorrhizal diversity of agricultural lands of Kumaun Himalaya and its potential for plant growth promotion(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-11) Pallavi; Sharma, A.K.Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) is a symbiotic relation between roots of higher plants and members of Glomeromycota class of fungi. This symbiotic relationship results in increased water and nutrient uptake along with enhanced tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stress of plants. Although commercial AM inoculum are available but, now it is widely accepted that native AM fungi (AMF) are more efficient in imparting benefits to the plant. In the current study, the native mycorrhizal status of ten agricultural lands located at different altitudes of Kumaun Himalaya was studied. The native AMF population was enriched in glasshouse by traditional trap culturing. The potential augmentation of native AMF population by application of Parthenium based biochar was also performed. Further, the enriched AMF was used as inoculum to investigate the potential of native AMF communities to promote plant growth under irrigated and water stressed condition. in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and finger millet (Eleusine coracana). The studied sampling sites showed rich AMF communities with highest spore density of 28 spores/ g soil was observed at highest altitude i.e. Ghorpatta (2185 m asl). The AMF diversity varied along the altitude, however, morphological evidence suggested Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus claroideum as the common species found across the altitudinal range indicating some influence of same agricultural practices and cropping system. Parthenium biochar amendment at application rate of 5 g/ kg soil enhanced the mycorrhizal activity along with promoting maize (Zea mays) plant growth and foliar nutrient content. After enrichment by trap culturing, the native AMF communities were tested for their plant growth promotion potential in wheat and finger millet. All the developed inoculum improved the plant growth in both crops but the response varied. Nachini and Dwarson were found to be the most effective inoculum and were able to ameliorate drought tolerance in finger millet by enhancing SOD activity and proline content, while reducing the level of MDA and H2O2. Illumina MiSeq results indicated that trap culturing enhanced the population of opportunistic AMF species, out of which unidentified species of Acaulospora genus was the most dominant (56.8 %) and it is possible that this species is responsible for the growth promotion of plants. It is also found that under drought condition external phosphorus application of 15.5 ppm reduced the mycorrhizal intensity in finger millet plants. However, the expression of common symbiotic genes SYMRK and CCaMK didn’t show a statistically significant reduction, thus, they might not be responsible for phosphorus mediated inhibition of mycorrhizal symbiosis.ThesisItem Open Access Rhizospheric bacterial diversity in different Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. provenances(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Joshi, Samiksha; Sahgal, ManvikaDalbergia sissoo Roxb., common name shisham is a leguminous tree known internationally for its priced timber. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the cause and ways to control large scale mortality of mature trees in natural forests. Soil microbes play an important role in tree growth and health. Hence, a comparative study of bacterial communities in shisham rhizosphere at three provenances Lachhiwala, Tanakpur and Pantnagar was carried out through illumina-MiSeq sequencing. The bacterial community composition and diversity based on V3-V4 16S rDNA region was variable and distinct for each provenance. The bacterial diversity index values indicated by species richness (Chao metric), species richness and evenness (Shannon metric) and count of unique OTUs (observed species metric) were significantly higher at Pantnagar than at Lachhiwala and Tanakpur with highest coverage for Lachhiwala (88.86%) and least for Tanakpur (67.19%). diversity analysis depicted closer relationship between rhizospheric bacterial diversity at Tanakpur and Lachhiwala (both healthy forests) than at Pantnagar (forest with mortality). Phylum Proteobacteria was abundant at Lachhiwala and Tanakpur whereas Acidobacteria predominated at Pantnagar. Amongst genera, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Sphingomonas, Nitospirae and Massilia were abundant at Lacchiwala and Tanakpur. However, Williamsia, Blastocatella, Methylobacterium, and Brevibacterium at Pantnagar. Metagenomic bacterial diversity was linked to several soil biotic (population and enzyme activities) and abiotic properties (pH, organic carbon, EC and available N, P, K and micronutrients). Highest bacterial count was recorded at Tanakpur followed by Lachhiwala and Pantnagar. Soil enzyme activities such as acid and alkaline phosphatases and urease were highest at Lachhiwala. In contrast FDA and Dehydrogenase were highest at Tanakpur. A strong positive correlation was observed between all enzyme activities and soil nutrients (macro and micro). Since phosphatase activities and available phosphate in soil was higher so phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were recovered and characterized. Inorganic phosphorous solubilizing ability of bacteria ranged between 285.78 μg ml-1 to 891.38 μg ml-1 These PSB’s exhibited multiple plant growth promoting traits also. In all 18 PSBs were distinguished into seven ARDRA groups. These were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Streptomyces sp., Pantoea sp., Kitasatospora sp., Micrococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. through 16SrDNA sequence analysis. Out of eighteen, sixteen bacterial isolates were positive for 82 bp pqq C gene whereas six for 72 bp pqq A gene.ThesisItem Open Access Standardization of floral preservatives for storage and vase life enhancement of Gladiolus grandiflorus var. Nova Lux(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-06) Belwal, Sheeba; Bhuj, B.D.Present investigation was carried out during 2018-19 at Model Floriculture Centre and Department of Horticulture at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar Uttarakhand. The objective of the investigation was to study the effects of various floral preservatives on storage as well as vase life of Gladiolus grandiflorus var. Nova Lux which followed a completely randomized design in laboratory conditions. The experiment had thirteen treatment combinations of sucrose, 8 Hydroxy quinoline citrate (8-HQC) and AgNO3. Three replications were given per treatment which intrinsically followed 3 further replications. The influence of floral preservatives showed statistically significant results for various floral characters such as floret diameter, longevity, spike length, preservative uptake, floret opening percentage, blooming period etc. over the control. For storage life, the optimum treatment combination recorded as per the data analyzed is found to be of T2 (sucrose 3%) of 15.44 days over the control showing 10.29 days. For vase life, the optimum treatment combination recorded as per the data analyzed is found to be of T8 (8-HQC 300 ppm, sucrose 6%) of 11.11 days over the control T1 showing vase life duration of 8.46 days.ThesisItem Open Access Development and characterization of rare earth oxide-polypyrrole nanocomposites(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Rekha; Sand, N.K.A series of rare earth oxides (REOs)/polypyrrole (PPY) nanocomposites (RPCs) were synthesized through surfactant assisted chemical oxidative polymerization. The polymerization was followed by blending pyrrole with REOs at various concentration ranging 7 to 21 (%, w/w). For this purpose, REOs selected were Ho2O3 and Er2O3. RPCs were characterized through fourier transformed infra-red, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive spectra, atomic force, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), simultaneous thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis-differential thermogravimetry and cyclic voltammetry. Semiconducting behaviour of electrodes derived from PPY and RPCs was investigated from 298 to 393K at selected voltages. Electrodes derived from PPY show semiconducting behaviour with DC conductivity (σ DC, mS/cm) ranging 1.94–292.95. Under identical conditions, electrodes derived from Ho2O3 and Er2O3 display σ DC in the range of 2.61-534.87 and 2.31-475.89 respectively. Simultaneous imaging of electrodes during temperature regulated σ DC measurements through SEM reveals thermal stability of electrodes in the range of 353 to 373K. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) in combination with DC polarization reveals electroactive nature of electrodes, that was increased with concentration and nature of REOs. In general, electrodes derived from Ho2O3 display improved semiconducting, electrochemical behavior and controlled rate of corrosion over Er2O3 electrode. The present study delivers method of fabrication of electrodes for semiconducting and electrochemical applications.ThesisItem Open Access Bioinformatics analysis of camalexin biosynthetic pathway and studies on defense responses of MAP2K4/MAP2K9/MAPK3 mutants during pathogenesis of Alternaria blight in Arabidopsis thaliana(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Gaur, Manu; Pandey, DineshAlternaria blight is one of the most destructive fungal diseases which seriously hamper productivity of Brassica oilseeds in India. Alternaria brassicae is the main pathogen of the disease which produces chlorotic, necrotic toxins and phytohormones to cause the disease. These disease determinants have been known to affect various genes/ proteins of cell cycle and cell death pathways in susceptible Brassica plants to cause the disease and enable the pathogen to follow a semibiotrophic life style. It is being speculated that Alternaria brassicae pathogen affects highly conserved MAP kinase signal transduction pathway to cause the disease. In Arabidopsis , some of the MAP kinases including MPK3, MKK4, MKK9, are responsible for synthesis of ‘Camalexin’ which is one particular phytoalexin involved in mediating defense response against the necrotrophic fungal pathogen viz. ‘Botrytis cinerea’. In the present investigation, role of MPK3, MKK4 and MKK9 in triggering Camalexin based defense response of Brassica plant towards Alternaria brassicae was studied by using Arabidopsis mutants for these kinases and Bioinformatics analysis. Following the infection of Alternaria brassicae pathogen, disease index of mkk4, mkk9 and mpk3 mutant plants was observed to be more than that of wild type plants of Arabidopsis thaliana. These observations suggested increased susceptibility of mpk3, mkk4, mkk9 mutants of Arabidopsis for Alternaria blight due to decreased camalexin biosynthesis or differential expression of proteins. In order to study differential expression of proteins, the proteins were extracted from infected leaf samples of both wild type and mutant Arabidopsis plants and protein profiles were compared at initial, middle and late stage of infection by performing one dimensional SDS PAGE analysis. In wild and mutant plants of Arabidopsis, the protein extractability decreased as the disease progressed from early to middle stage due to degradation of host proteins and increased from middle to late stage due to synthesis of new proteins. SDS PAGE based analysis of proteins extracted from leaves of wild type and mutant Arabidopsis plants indicate differential expression of proteins in form of expression of unique prroteins and downregulation or upregulation of proteins during disease progression from early to late stage of pathogenesis in Arabidopsis mutants and wild type plants. MKK4/MKK9/MPK3 signalling module involved in biosynthesis of camalexin during defense response of B. rapa towards, Alternaria brassicae pathogen was elucidated with the help of Molecular modelling, docking, and protein-protein interaction analysis of MAP kinases retrieved from Brassica rapa genome. Network Biology based in silico approach was followed to identify linkages of MKK4, MKK9 and MPK3 with 51 known defense related genes through construction of PPI network. MPK3 was observed as major hub to which large numbers of defense regulated genes/proteins are connected. This suggests that MPK3 is largely responsible for activation of large number of defense related genes besides camalexin biosynthetic genes. These studies will open up new avenues for engineering defense pathway in Brassica for preventing losses caused by Alternaria blight disease.ThesisItem Open Access Documentation of the bacterial and diazotrophic diversity from Garhwal Himalaya through culturable and unculturable approaches(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-07) Saurabh Kumar; Goel, ReetaTo study the bacterial diversity and soil physiochemical properties of Garhwal Himalaya, total five soil samples were collected from different locations of Garhwal Himalaya namely Harsil, Gangotri, Uttarkashi, Dhanaulti and Kandakhal. Based on the primary screening through quantification of 16SrDNA and nifH genes and 16SrDNA DGGE analysis, Gangotri and Dhanaulti were selected for further study. Comparative soil physiochemical characterization of the both soil samples revealed that the Kandakhal soil was neutral in pH, poor in soil organic matter (SOM) and total Kjeldal nitrogen (TKN) and rich in micronutrient. However, Gangotri soil was found alkaline, rich in TKN and SOM and poor in mineral nutrients. Thus, it was found that the soil physicochemical properties vary significantly with the altitude. Metagenomics of Kandakhal soil revealed that the Proteobacteria (31%) was the major phylum followed by Bacteroidetes (20%), Fermicutes (9%), Acidobacteria (7%), Actinobacteria (6%) and Chloroflexi (5%). However, in phylum Proteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria (8%), Betaproteobacteria (8%), Gammaproteobacteria (8%) and Deltaproteobacteria (7%) were uniformly distributed. On the other hand in Gangotri, total 31 bacterial phyla were observed where, Proteobacteria (38.49 %), Acidobacteria (17.88 %), Actinobacteria (14.48 %), Bacteroidetes (7.89 %), Gemmatimonadetes (7.87 %) and Chloroflexi (5.94 %) were dominant bacterial phyla. However, in phylum Proteobacteri, Alphaproteobacteria (16.88%) was the most abundant bacterial class followed by Betaproteobacteria (9.44%). Presence of large numbers of unidentified OTU in Gangotri soil suggests that it has unique bacteria diversity. Further, an indigenous diffusion chamber was designed and incubated in-situ for cultivation of readily not cultivable bacterial from Gangotri soil which revealed the potential of this device for isolation of bacteria which were previously difficult to isolate from conventional methods. Moreover, six psychrophilic diazotrophic bacteria were isolated form Gangotri soil and identified as Pseudomonas helmanticensis, Arthrobacter humicola, Brevibacillus invocatus and Pseudomonas mandelii etc. However, no psychrophilic diazotrophic were isolated from the Kandakhal soil. Further investigation was carried out to study the cold adaptation in Pseudomonas helmanticensis at molecular level. This was the first time when proteomics of psychrophilic diazotrophs Pseudomonas helmanticensis was reported under the cold stress. Differential proteomics of P. helmanticensis under cold stress through LC-MS analysis revealed that majority of upregulated and unique proteins expressed under cold stress were functionally involved in RNA metabolism, translation and energy production. Moreover, major upregulated proteins were molecular chaperones which assist in the proper protein folding and RNA stability at low temperature. Therefore, both culture dependent and independent studies revealed that the Kandakhal and Gangotri soil harbor rich bacterial diversity. However, diversified culturable psychrophilic nitrogen fixers were only present in the Gangotri soil. Thus, Garhwal region of the western Indian Himalaya is rich in cold adapted bacterial diversity which could be explored for basic understanding of cold adaptation besides its applied significance.ThesisItem Open Access Delineating the redox signaling network under oxidative stress through over expression of Ecapx1 in Eleusine coracana(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-12) Pande, Anjali; Arora, SandeepGlobal warming has emerged as one of the biggest threats to agriculture in the last two decades. In arid and semi-arid regions, where temperatures are already close to the physiological maxima for crops, higher temperatures may increase the incidence of heat stress in crops; negatively affecting the growth and productivity. Under such conditions, development of climate resilient crops is a dire need. As reactive oxygen species are a common denominator in the effect of various environmental stresses, therefore it is important to understand the signaling events in plants that are implicated in activating the anti-oxidative defense in plants and providing redox homeostasis. Towards this objective, we successfully developed Exapx1 over-expressing E. coracana plants. The transgenic lines were developed by using Agrobacterium mediated transformation method. The transgenic lines with increased ascorbate peroxidase activity where used to delineate the redox sensing mechanisms that are involved in providing protection from oxidative stress. The transgenic lines were morphologically similar to the wild type plants and had similar PS-II activity. Increased expression of apx1 gene in the transgenic lines could induce higher expression of superoxide dismutase and monodehydroascorbate reductase genes, under stress; but no significant increase in dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase gene expression was recorded. Over-expression of Ecapx1 gene could selectively (and not universally) induce the expression and activity of other anti-oxidant enzymes of the AsA-GSH pathway, indicting the existence of a cross talk or signaling mechanism in plants, for coordinated expression of these enzymes. On exposure to stress, the transgenic lines accumulated lesser H2O2 as compared to the wild type plants and also had lower proline levels. An effective control over H2O2 levels (through Ecapx1 over-expression) prevented undue activation of specific antioxidative enzymes like DHAR and GR, while helping to maintain the redox balance of the cells under stress. Incidentally, the transgenic lines had higher reduced to total ascorbate ratio, than the wild type plants, that was responsible for sensing the increased influx of ROS and activate the cellular anti-oxidative defense network, through down-stream signaling.ThesisItem Open Access Identification of superior parents and crosses using combining ability analysis for improvement of yellow sarson (B. rapa var. yellow sarson)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Chaturvedi, Sameer; Pant, UshaThe present investigation entitled was conducted with the objective to estimate selection and variability parameters, to estimate the combining ability variances and their effects and toestimation of level of heterosis for different quantitative traits. The present study was conducted at NEB, CRC during rabi season 2014-15 and 2015-16. The experimental materials for the present investigation consisted of 40 F1’s, 10 lines as female and 4 testers as males. Data were subjected to appropriate statistical methods. Awide range of usable variability was present in the experimental material with respect to various characters. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficients of variability (PCV) was observed greater than genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) and environmental coefficient of variability (ECV) for all the characters under studied. High estimates of heritability were observed in most of trait. Highest heritability was observed in seed/siliqua (94.30%), followed by seed yield per plant (90.61%) and number of primary branches/plant (84.59%). The traits having high heritability with high genetic advance were observed in seed yield/plant (32.34%), seed/siliqua (29.12%) and number of primary branches/plant (21.70%). The ANOVA showed that mean sum of squares due to treatments were highly significant.Parents as well as crosses were highly variable for all the traits. However, variance due to parents vs crosses for all the characters barring length main raceme and 1000-seed weight. Partitioning of variances due to crosses into lines, testers and line × tester revealed that variances due to lines were significant for all the characters except number of primary branches per plant and oil content while variances due to testers were significant for siliqua length, seeds per siliqua and test weight. Variances due to interaction were significant for all the characters.Combining ability analysis illustrated that the estimate of 𝜎2 sca was higher than 𝜎2 gcafor all the traits studied. The average degree of dominance was also in the range of over dominance for all the traits except siliqua length. Heritability in narrow sense (h2 n) was low for all the traits which further substantiated the prevalence of non-additive gene action in the expression of traits.Based on estimates of desirable GCA effects, B-9 was identified as good general combiner for days to maturity. For Plant height and siliqua density, Jhumka was the best parent to contribute in desirable direction. NDYS116, NDYS-128, NDYS-2018 and NDYS-132 were the best parent for length of main raceme, siliquae on main raceme and siliqua length respectively. For number of seeds per siliqua and seed yield per plant YS-166 was emerged as best parent with desirable significant effect. Jhumka × NDYS-113 (-3.63*) for days to maturity, NDYS-115 × Pusa Gold (- 15.79**) for plant height, NDYS-107×PPS-1 (7.32**) for length of main raceme, B-9×Pusa Gold (6.10**) for silquae on main raceme, NDYS-107 × PPS-1 (1.84**) for primary branches plant, NRCYS-05-02 × Pusa Gold (0.44*) for siliqua length, NRCYS-05-02 × Pusa Gold (4.98**) for seeds per siliqua, NDYS-128 × PPS-1 (2.02**) for seed yield per plant, NDYS-107 × NRCYS-05-01 (0.42**) for test weight and YS-166 × NDYS-113 (2.12**) for oil content expressed highest SCA effects in desirable direction.The superior crosses identified based on their SCA effects for yield as well as oil content were having G × G, G × P, G×A, A×P or P × P GCA parents. These results indicate the operation of additive × additive, additive × dominance, dominance× dominance gene interactions for expression of these traits.The contribution of interaction was higher as compare to lines and testers for all the traits excluding days to maturity, length of main raceme, siliquae on main raceme, siliqua length, seeds per siliqua and 1000-seed weight.Regarding heterosis for days to maturity, NDYS-2018×NDYS-113 (12.21**) showed maximum better parent heterosis. Highest relative heterosis was noticed in NDYS-2018 × Pusa Gold (-11.62**) whereas, B-9 × PPS-1(- 8.65**) expressed maximum economic heterosis. NDYS-115 × Pusa Gold (-15.69**, -15.85**) possessed highest estimates of heterobeltiosis and mid parent heterosis while NDYS-2018×NRCYS-05-01 (-9.65**) was the best cross in respect of economic heterosis for plant height. For seed yield cross Jhumka × NDYS-113 (52.36**, 65.34**) showed maximum heterobeltiosis and relative heterosis while maximum economic heterosis was registered in NDYS-128 × PPS-1 (41.54**). In test weight maximum heterosis over better parent was found in NDYS-128 × NDYS-113 (24.47**) and highest estimates of relative and economic heterosis was possessed by NDYS-132 × NDYS-113 (25.18**, 22.29**) respectively. A single cross YS-166 × NDYS-113 (7.57**, 7.74**, 8.40**) showed maximum heterobeltiosis, relative heterosis and economic heterosis for oil content. From the present investigation involvement of non-additive genetic variance for most of the characters was reflected, so maintenance of heterozygosity or restoring it at the end of the breeding programme is suggested. Potential parents and crosses have been identified based on relevant multiple parameters. By utilizing these parents and cross combinations maximum gain can be achieved in yellow sarson by adopting most appropriate breeding strategies.ThesisItem Open Access Investigation on biochemical basis of resistant starch with respect to physiochemical properties in cereals-millets, rice and wheat(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-12) Verma, Vivek Chandra; Agrawal, SanjeevThe present investigation was carried out to assess the physio-chemical properties of starch attributing towards resistant starch in millets (Barnyard millet; VL Madira-207, Finger millet; VL Mandua-352 and Foxtail millet; DHFT-109-3), rice (PB-2 and PD-19) and wheat (PBW-343 and UP-262). The study emphasize on the factors which influences the resistant starch in cereals. In the present study starch isolated from different cereals were viewed under SEM to analyse the shape and size of starch granules. The size of starch granules were diverse range in cereals like millets (4.6-12.23 μm) rice (6.22-177.13 μm) and wheat (2.50-198.23 μm). Small and large spherical, irregular and polygonal shape of starch granules was observed. The FTIR bands at 1047 and 1022 cm-1 gives ordered and amorphous structure of starches and absorbance ratio at 1047/1022 gives indexes of the short-range order of double helices ranged from 0.94-1.24. Total starch (57-70%), amylase (31-45%) and amylose-amylopectin ratio (0.46-0.83) was determined in different cereals under observation. The amylose content was positively correlated with resistant starch at P < 0.01 while total starch had non-significant impact on resistant starch. The other nutrient of cereals like dietary fibre (2.66-6.98%), total soluble protein (9.33-16.29%) and soluble protein fraction like albumin (1.41-2.44%), globulins (1.25-2.23%) and prolamines (2.04-2.88%) was estimated to establish the correlation with resistant starch. These other nutrient of cereals showed positive correlation with resistant starch at P < .01. In vitro digestion of native starch, gelatinized starch and retrograded starch was done at time interval of 30, 60, 90, 120 min and it was found that the rate of enzymatic digestion follows the order; Gelatinized starch > Native starch > Retrograded starch. During endosperm developmental stages at S1, S2, S3, S4 (7, 14, 21, 28 DAA) the key enzymes for starch biosynthesis like AGPase, SSS and GBSS were estimated. The activity of starch biosynthetic enzymes follows the order AGPase > GBSS > SSS in all these varieties during endosperm development. The higher activity of AGPase, GBSS and SSS found in rice comprises higher accumulation of amylose and total starch during endosperm development. The accumulation of amylose and total starch in millets was found at par to the wheat varieties which is related to the activities pattern of enzymes. All three enzymes under study showed the positive correlation with each other during endosperm development. Accumulation of amylose showed positive correlation with AGPase and GBSS, while non-significant correlation with SSS. Total starch accumulation showed positive correlation with AGPase.