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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2021 - 20222
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Subject: Poultry Science × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genomic variation in production linked candidate gene and its association with performance & egg quality traits and kinetics of antibody response to vaccines in Uttara & Kadaknath native chickens
    (G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Singh, Manoj Kumar; Sharma, R.K.
    The present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, egg production, egg quality traits and kinetics of antibody response to NDV and IBDV vaccines of Uttara and Kadaknath chicken, their genotyping with respect to egg production associated gene ie. MTNRIC, to associate candidate gene polymorphism with production traits and to associate level of expression of candidate with egg production trait in Uttara and Kadaknath chicken. The data on body weights from day old to 40 weeks at four weeks interval, ASM, BW20, BW 32, BW40, EW32, BW40, EW40, EP32 and EP40 were recorded on 300 from two hatches pedigreed birds maintained at IPF, Nagla, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Data were analysed by LS ANOVA using mixed model, wherein sire was taken as random effect and hatch as fixed effect. The estimated least square means of CW, BW4, BW8,BW12,BW16 and BW20 were 36.99±0.14, 175.43±0.19, 460.46±0.18, 806.58±0.28, 1139.05±0.72 and 1334.31±6.70 g respectively.Sire had significant effect (P≤0.05) on CW, BW12 and highly significant effect (P≤0.01) on BW20. Hatch had significant effect (P≤0.05) on CW. Effect of sex of the bird was found be highly significant (P≤0.01) from CW up to 20-week.Heritability estimates were 0.18±0.14, 0.42±0.11, 0.01±0.10, 0.12±0.13, 0.05±0.11 and 0.68±0.25 respectively. Genetic correlation of BWwere ranged from -0.96±1.01 to 0.57±0.63 and phenotypic correlations were ranged from 0.16 to 0.96.In Uttara birds, the least squares means (LS-means) of ASM, BW20, BW32, BW40, EW32, EW40, EP32 and EP40 were 172.45 ± 0.30 days, 1313.73 ± 0.55, 1570.74 ± 0.57, 1588.77 ± 0.62, 50.95 ± 0.19, 54.89 ± 0.11, 52.06 ± 0.22 and 74.23 ± 0.19 g respectively. Sire had significant effect (P≤0.05) on ASM, BW32 (P≤0.01) and BW40 (P≤0.01). Hatch had significant effect (P≤0.01) on BW32, BW40 and EP40 (P≤0.05). Heritability estimates were 0.26 ± 0.21, 0.13 ± 0.18, 0.52 ± 0.27, 0.45 ± 0.25, Not Estimate, 0.18 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.18 and 0.08 ± 0.17 respectively. BW20, BW-40, ASM, EW40 showed high heritability while EP40 showed medium heritability. In Kadaknath native chicken the estimated least square means of CW, BW4, BW8, BW12, BW16 and BW20 were 27.96±0.18, 177.84±1.23, 371.55±1.54, 593.34±2.04, 809.30±3.36 and 1281.09±1.14 g respectively.Sire had significant effect (P≤0.05) on CW and BW20.The least squares mean (LS-means) of ASM, BW20, BW32, BW40, EW32, EW40, EP32 and EP40 were 187.63±0.49 days, 1272.76±1.24 g, 1459.74±1.07 g, 1544.90±1.50 g, 42.11±0.20 g, 48.35±0.30 g, 31.51±0.26 eggs and 47.56±0.28 eggs, respectively. Sire had a non-significant effect on all the economic traits except BW20.Hatch was also found to have a nonsignificant effect on all the concerned traits. The heritability estimates of BW20, BW40, ASM, EW28 and EP40 were 0.81 0.39, 0.79 0.34, 0.24 ± 0.11, 0.66 0.24 and 0.31 ± 0.12, respectively. The heritability estimates of BW20, BW40, EW28 were high while ASM and EP40 had medium heritability. The heritability of EW40 could not be estimated.In Uttara and Kadaknaththe genetic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were positive and ranged from 0.83 ± 0.43 to 0.01 ± 0.18 and 0.16 to 0.96 in Uttara and 0.86 ± 0.12 to 0.07 ± 0.64 and 0.06 to 0.90 in Uttara and Kadaknath respectively, both with moderate to higher magnitudes for most of the traits. High genetic correlation was reported between adjacent body weights as compared to distant body weights. In Uttara birds, the least squares means (LS-means) of external egg quality traits via., EW32, EL, EWd, SI, SA, EV, SG and ESP were 50.95±0.19 g, 55.20±0.23 mm,, 40.65±0.23 mm, 72.70±0.28 %, 71.71±0.54 cm2, 47.68±0.19 cm3, 1.07±0.00 and 10.54±0.13 %, respectively. The least square mean ± standard errors of internal egg quality traits in Uttara native chicken were AWt ,YWt, AH, YH, AWd, YWd, EST, ESW, AI, YI, HU, ApH and Yp H were 29.00±0.16 g, 16.37±0.10 g, 6.01±0.03 mm, 16.18±0.10 mm, 69.79±0.19 mm, 38.80±0.09 mm, 0.39±0.001 mm, 5.48±0.05 g, 8.63±0.04 %, 39.40±0.32 %, 80.04±0.17 %, 8.58±0.04 and 6.43±0.01, respectively. In Kadaknath birds, the least squares means (LS-means) of external egg quality traits via., EW32, EL, EWd , SI, SA, EV, SG and ESP were 42.11±0.20 g, 45.1±0.01 mm, 33.07±0.01 mm, 76.39 ± 0.57 %, 74.71±0.34 cm2, 43.58±0.22 cm3,1.10 ± 0.00 and 10.15±0.05 %, respectively. The least square mean ± standard errors of internal egg quality traits in Uttara native chicken were AWt , YWt AH, YH, AWd, YWd, EST, ESW, AI, YI, HU, ApH and Yp H were 26.29 ± 0.49 g, 12.49 ± 0.09 g, 5.05±0.003 mm, 15.01±0.04 mm, 70.026±0.01 mm, 42.21±0.037 mm, 0.33±0.003 mm, 4.34 ± 0.04 g, 7.21 ± 0.02 %, 36.7 ± 0.08 %, 74.99 ± 0.69 %, 9.26±0.12 and 6.22±0.03, respectively. In the studied population of Uttara and Kadaknath, MTNRIC candidate genes was of polymorphic nature. MTNRIC Mbo/RFLP studies in Uttara birds revealed two alleles A and B with allelic frequencies of 0.79 and 0.21, respectively. The allelic frequencies were 0.59 and 0.41, respectively in Kadaknath birds. The association of egg-production linked MTNRIC candidate gene with egg production traits in Uttara and Kadaknath, the resultant genotypes had significant effect on ASM and EP40 (P<0.05) in case of Uttara native chicken. The birds genotyped as AA achieved ASM at the earliest and laid maximum eggs up to 32 weeks and 40 weeks. The ASM of birds genotyped as AA, BB and AB were 166.32±0.21, 172.54±0.11 and 176.23±0.09 days, respectively. The EP40 of AA and BB genotyped birds were significantly different from that of AB genotyped birds. In Kadaknath birds, the effect of MTNRIC genotype was significant on BW20 (P<0.05) and EP40 (P≤0.15). The highest BW20 was observed in birds with AA genotype as which was statistically similar to h t i w d e t a i c o s s a e b o t d n u o f o s l a s a w e p y t o n e g A A . e p y t o n e g B A h t i w s d r i b f o t a h t m o r f t n e r e f f i d t u b e p y t o n e g B B f o t a hth ighest egg production at EP32 and EP40. The estimated mean antibody titres (log2) against NDV and IBDV vaccine were estimated on 7 dpi (8.10±0.22), 14 dpi (7.89±0.18) and 21 dpi (7.92±0.16) for NDV and 28 dpi (8.29±0.14), 35 dpi (8.40±0.16) and 42 dpi (8.94±0.19) for IBDV respectively
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic studies on reproduction and production traits of Uttara breed of chicken and its crosses
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Chandankar, Sonali D.; Shive Kumar
    The data for the present study were obtained from 1711 progenies of 288 dams and 48 sires from 12 hatches maintained at Instructional Poultry Farm (I.P.F) of University. A total eight genetic groups viz. Cross 1 (Uttara × White Cornish), cross 2 (White Cornish × Uttara), cross 3 (Uttara × Uttara), cross 4 (White Cornish × White Cornish), cross 5 (Uttara × Kadaknath), cross 6 (Kadaknath × Uttara), cross 7 (Uttara × White Leghorn) and cross 8 (White Leghorn × Uttara) were developed for the present experiment. The aim of the experiment was to study growth traits, production traits, conformation traits, carcass traits, proximate analysis of meat samples, egg quality traits, haemato-biochemical traits, heritability estimates, genetic and phenotypic correlations of different crosses. The data were recorded on males of body weights from day old to 22 weeks at 2 weeks interval. The average of 22 weeks body weight in C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 and C8 crosses were 1360.89 ± 5.59, 1292.65 ± 5.68, 1290.33 ± 5.75, 1289.24 ± 5.81, 1252.69 ± 9.79, 1241.15 ± 6.36, 1272.46 ± 11.39 and 1277.98 ± 8.24 gm and corresponding values in females were 1299.14 ± 3.21, 1232.81 ± 4.58, 1235.18 ± 12.50, 1229.28 ± 6.55, 1189.94±12.51, 1169.82 ± 9.26, 1225.60 ± 8.70 and 1216.41 ± 7.72 gm respectively. The higher body weights were observed in cross 1 for males and females than other crosses. The lower age at first egg found in cross 1 and higher egg production found in cross 7 and 8 than the other crosses. The egg weight at 35 weeks of age was found higher in cross 7 than the other crosses. The higher values of conformation traits for males and females found in cross 1 than other crosses. Cross 1 had the highest percentage in most of the carcass traits which is considered as desirable traits followed by other crosses. The proximate analysis of meat in present study indicates that cross 1 had highest crude protein and lower fat per cent in thigh muscle. The egg albumen width was significantly lower in cross 5 and 6. The albumen height, albumen weight and yolk width were significantly higher in cross 7 than other crosses. The egg yolk height was found significantly higher in cross 5 and 6 and egg yolk weight was significantly higher in cross 8 and lower in cross 5 and 6 in present findings. Lower blood glucose and total cholesterol levels found in cross 5 and 6. Low triglyceride levels and LDL values were found in cross 5, 6, 7 and 8 in comparison to other crosses. Higher protein and globulin values were observed in cross 1, whereas, lower albumin values were found in cross 1 and 2 than other crosses. Higher hemoglobin values were found in cross 5 and lower packed cell volume was observed in cross 1 in comparison to other crosses.Body weight and conformations traits viz. shank length, keel length and breast angle (8 and 20 weeks of age) had medium to high heritability estimates for males and females in different crosses.The age at first egg and egg number had low to high heritable estimates. Heritability estimates were medium to high for egg weight at 35 weeks of age in different crosses and ranged from 0.21 ±0.11 to 0.41 ±0.37. At genetic and phenotypic level there existed low to high positive correlation among the body weights in males for all crosses. The genetic and phenotypic correlations among body weights in females were highly positive in cross 1, 2, 6, 7, and 8, except day old body weight with all body weights at phenotypic level were low to medium positive. There existed negative low to high association at genetic and low at phenotypic level between age at first egg and egg number in all crosses. The correlation between body weights and conformation traits were positive in all crosses for male and female at genetic and phenotypic levels except negative association in some conformation traits. The correlation between body weights and age at first egg were negative in magnitude at genetic and phenotypic level. The correlation between body weights and egg number were negative in cross C1 and C7 at genetic and phenotypic levels. The cross of Uttara with White Cornish was found better for growth performance and carcass traits than other crosses, it may be considered as meat purpose breed. Cross of Uttara with White Leghorn having higher egg production and better egg quality traits than other crosses can be suggested for egg purpose breed.