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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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20132
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2013 × Start date: 2013 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of silicon solubilizers on yield, pest and disease resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-06) Goyal, Manish Kumar; Shankhdhar, S.C.
    Rice is one of the most important cereals of India and occupies second position after wheat. A field experiment was conducted in kharif season of 2012 to investigate the effect of silicon solubilizers on different rice genotypes namely, Akshayadhan, Varadhan, Nagarjuna, Shanthi, Sampada, KRH-2, PA-6129, PA-6201, PA-6444 and PHB-71. Two different forms of silicon solubilizers, solid and liquid treatment at maximum tillering and panicle initiation were given. Various physiological & biochemical parameters such as plant height, harvest index, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, yield, number of chaffy grains, number of filled grains, disease and pest infestation were recorded at different growth stages. Maximum plant height (146.38 cm) was observed for PA-6201 at liquid treatment and minimum (126.06 cm) for Shanthi. In liquid treatment the leaf area index (LAI) was 31.03 % increased as compared to control at maximum tillering and 48.36 % increased at panicle initiation and 33.06 % at flowering in PA-6201. Maximum biological yield was observed for PA-6201 (19.97 t ha-1) at liquid treatment and minimum (15.25 t ha-1) for Shanthi. A 14.85 % enhancement in the grain yield was observed with maximum for PA-6201 (9.66 t ha-1) and minimum 5.41 % for Varadhan (5.41 t ha-1) at liquid treatment of silicon solubilizer. Chlorophyll content was also increased from 1.06 mg/g to 1.24 mg/g and the maximum was found in PA-6201 when treated with liquid treatment of silicon solubilizer as compared to control. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), internal CO2 concentration and protein content were also increased with treatment of silicon solubilizers. In liquid treatment chaffy grains per 3 panicles were decreased 59.04% and an increment of 42.17% in fully filled grains per 3 panicles were found as compared to control in PA-6201 at 1.20 specific gravity. The dead heart infestation in liquid treatment was found to be decreased 49.11 % as compared to control in PA-6129. At flowering, the percent incidence of rice false smut was decreased 48.81 % and 43.78 % reduction in severity of rice false smut was found as compared to control in PA-6201. Amongst ten genotypes of rice PA-6201 was the most efficient for utilizing silicon under foliar spray of liquid treatment of silicon solubilizers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological aspects of rice growth and development under integrated nutrient management
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-08) Neelam Pankaj; Bains, Gurdeep
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world’s most important food crop and primary food source for more than two third of the world’s population. More than 90 percent of world’s rice is grown and consumed in Asia. It accounts for 35 to 60 percent of the calories consumed by 3 billion Asians. Rice is planted on about 148 million hectares annually i.e. on 11 percent of the world’s cultivated area. Fertilizers are the most important input for transformation of Indian agriculture, but, excessive use of fertilizer has negative impact on productivity of rice and soil. Both macro- and micronutrients are essential for plant growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc are considered as primary nutrients for the plant and if a plant does not get enough of a particular nutrient it needs, the plant shows deficiency symptoms as they are directly involved in physiology of plant growth. Zn proved to be a better mode of fertilization for the crop at all levels of application, as it allowed a balanced nutrient blend in soil and reduced the crop damage. Hence, reduced susceptibility of plant to pests may be a reflection of differences in plant health, as mediated by soil fertility management through zinc. The application of essential plant nutrients particularly macro and micronutrients in optimum quantity and right proportion through correct methods and time of application is the key to increased and sustained crop production. In past few decades, uses of chemical fertilizers have widely spread throughout the world. It is observed that fields which receive heavy application of chemical fertilizers show a decline in productivity. This decline occurs even in irrigated paddy fields. Therefore, it is important to understand fertilizer use behavior in the country and role of factors influencing fertilizer consumption.