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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2006 - 20085
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Subject: Animal Nutrition × End date: 2008 × Start date: 2006 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on mineral profile in feeds, soil and animals in Haridwar district of Uttaranchal
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2006-01) Tiwary, Manoj Kumar; Tiwari, D.P.
    A survey was conducted in four villages, two each from Roorkee and Laksar Tehsils, of Haridwar district of Uttaranchal in order to find out the existing livestock practices, macro and micro nutrients profile in soil, feeds and fodder and animals and also to establish the correlations among soil, plant and animals. Fifteen farmers under three major categories on land holding basis i.e. landless (0 acre), small (2-5 acres) and large (>5 acres) from each village were selected, from where the above informations and samples of soil, feeds, fodder and blood of animals of different physiological status were collected. The collected feed, soil, water and blood samples were subjected for macro and micro nutrient analysis. The CP (23.41 %) and total ash (16.91 %) content were highest in cowpea green whereas, lowest in wheat straw (3.33 % and 7.70 %), in Roorkee Tehsil. While in concentrate, CP content was highest in soybean cake. Animals of the target area showed negative balances in DM, CP and ME intakes. Aneostrus problems were higher in the villages of Roorkee Tehsil as compared to Laksar Tehsil whereas, incidence of repeat breeding in cattle and buffaloes were higher in villages of Laksar Tehsil than Roorkee Tehsil. Only soil of Roorkee Tehsil was found deficient in calcium while rest minerals were found above their respective critical levels. In concentrate ingredients, all minerals except copper such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, manganese and selenium were above their respective critical levels with corresponding values as 0.38 ± 0.01, 0.36 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01 per cent, 53.77 ± 1.78, 279.95 ± 6.96, 0.31 ± 0.04, 65.93 ± 4.34 and 0.15 ± 0.02 ppm, respectively, whereas, copper was found 7.74 ± 0.51 ppm, below its critical level. Likewise, in roughage, minerals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, manganese and selenium were above the critical levels with corresponding values as 0.36 ± 0.03, 0.10 ± 0.01 per cent, 53.50 ± 6.47, 297.78 ± 21.73, 0.49 ± 0.12, 47.01 ± 8.01 and 0.18 ± 0.02 ppm, respectively, whereas, phosphorus and copper were 0.20 ± 0.03 per cent and 5.06 ± 0.75 ppm, respectively, below their respective critical level. The blood serum mineral concentration except for copper and phosphorus i.e. calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and manganese (10.43 ± 0.22 mg/dl, 1.65 ± 0.14 mg/dl, 1.54 ± 0.11 ppm, 1.97 ± 0.19 ppm and 0.54 ± 0.02 ppm) were found to be above their respective critical levels and were not deficient. The serum phosphorus (3.79 ± 0.21 mg/dl) and copper (0.46 ± 0.07 ppm) were deficient with their values falling below their respective critical levels. Soil-plant-animal correlations for different minerals did not show clear cut picture regarding their accumulation in plants and utilization by the animals. Research findings revealed for the supplementation of phosphorus, copper as well as magnesium in the selected areas of Haridwar.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on mineral profile in feed, soil and animals in Pithoragarh district of Uttaranchal
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2006-05) Shukla, Saraswati; Tiwari, D.P.
    A survey was conducted in four villages, two each from Pithoragarh and Gangolihat Tehsils, of Pithoragarh district of Uttaranchal in order to find out the existing livestock feeding practices, macro and micro nutrients profile in soil, feeds and fodder and animals and also to establish the correlations among soil, plant and animals. Fifteen farmers under four major categories on land holding basis i.e landless (0 acre), marginal (<1 acres), small (1-2 acres) and medium (>2 acres) were selected to collect samples of soil, feeds and blood of animals of different physiological status. The collected feed, soil, water and blood samples were subjected for macro and micro nutrient analysis. The CP (14.50%) content were highest in shahtut leaves whereas, lowest in paddy straw (3.35 %). While in concentrate, CP content was highest in commercial pellet. Animals of the target area showed negative balances in DM, DCP and TDN intakes. Aneostrus, repeat breeding and other reproductive problems were higher in the villages of Gangolihat Tehsil as compared to Pithoragarh Tehsil. The soil of all the villages was deficient in calcium while other minerals were above to their corresponding critical levels. In concentrates all minerals except calcium and copper such as phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, and manganese were found above the critical levels, whereas calcium (0.156 ±0.001 per cent) and copper (7.10 ± 0.17 ppm) were below the critical level. Likewise, in roughage calcium and copper were 0.175 ± 0.006 per cent and 6.78 ± 0.17 ppm, respectively which fall below critical level while other minerals such as phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt and manganese were above the critical levels. The blood serum mineral concentration except calcium, copper and manganese i.e. phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and iron were above the critical levels and not found deficient. The serum calcium (4.33 ± 0.12 mg/dl), copper (0.34 ± 0.07 ppm) and manganese (0.18 ± 0.09 ppm) concentration were deficient and were below critical levels. Soil-plant-animal correlations for different minerals did not show clear-cut picture regarding their accumulation in plants and utilization by the animals. Research findings revealed that the supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese in the ration of animals is inevitable in these two Tehsils of district Pithoragarh.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of supplementation of different types of mineral mixture on blood biochemical profile, weight gain and nutrient utilization in local goats
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-07) Singh, Neelam; Rahal, Anshu
    In India, mineral mixtures for feeding ruminants are available in market under various trade names. In the present experiment, three types of mineral mixtures were used as selective mineral mixture, Mineramin and Minfa. 20 local goats were used to study the effect of supplementation of different types of mineral mixture on nutrient utilization, body weight gain, blood biochemical profile and evaluation of its economic value. The Goats divided in four groups of 5 each on BW basis (initial BW 18- 20 kg, 1.5-2.0 years) were given mineral mixture @ 2% of the concentrate mixture along with basal ration. DM and DCP intake showed significantly (P
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of feeding shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) and saijan (Moringa oliefera) on nutrients intake, digestibility and milk production in crossbred lactating cows
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-08) Mishra, Indu Shekhar; Jaiswal, R.S.
    Since hundreds of years livestock is an integral part of mixed farming system. The ancient history of India is very rich in herbal medicines. Animal productivity in terms of growth and milk yield can be improved by using different herbs as a component of animal feed. Present study was conducted at Instructional Dairy Farm (I.D.F.) Nagla, College of Veterinary and Animal Science of G. B. P. U. A. and T., Pantnagar in order to see the effect of Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) and Saijan (Moringa oleifera) supplementation in cross bred lactating cows on nutrients intake, nutrients utilization, milk production and composition. All the animals were grouped under three groups and put on two different treatments. One gets Shatavari and another gets Saijan @ 100 gm/day/animal. When dry matter intake was calculated on the basis of per 100 kg body weight, the values were 2.93, 3.50 and 3.03 kg in G1, G2 and G3, respectively, and they differed significantly. The DMI in terms of g/kg W0.75 were 127.98, 153.22 and 135.15 in G1, G2 and G3, respectively, and they also differed significantly. Organic matter intake in terms of kg/100 kg body weight and g/kg W0.75were significantly (P < 0.05) different among groups. The values in terms of OMI kg/100 kg body weight were 2.66, 3.17 and 2.75 in G1, G2 and G3, respectively and OMI g/kg W0.75 were 116.22, 139.09 and 122.59 in G1, G2 and G3, respectively. In G2 there was significant (P<0.05) increase in TLC among individual animals. There was significant (P<0.05) difference among the groups and within the groups in total erythrocyte count (TEC). The overall average milk production (l/day) was 12.00, 12.89 and 12.79 in G1, G2 and G3, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of strategic dietary supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese on growth, nutrient utilization, productive performance and blood profile in cattle
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-08) Sharma, Jyoti; Anil Kumar
    The present study was conducted in two phases. In phase I the work was planned to know the effect of supplementation of area deficient minerals in four villages of Pithoragarh and Nainital district (Hill zone) of Uttarakhand, on milk production, reproductive status, blood biochemical parameters and minerals profile in blood serum of animals. Ten growing and ten lactating animals selected from each village were provided 250 g feed (mineral) mixture daily as top dressed over and above the ration fed to the animals for the period of two months to lactating animals and three months to growing animals to supply 40 g of minerals containing calcium 10 g (38.3 g dicalcium phosphate), copper 96 mg (0.4 g CuSO4.5H2O) and manganese 320 mg (1.3 g MnSO4.4H2O) in Pithoragarh tehsil, whereas in Haldwani tehsil feed (mineral) mixture was supplemented to supply copper 96 mg/d (0.4 g CuSO4.5H2O). The improvement in incidence of anoestrous and repeat breeding was 66.6 and 33.3 per cent and 50 and 66.6 per cent, in Pithoragarh and Haldwani tehsils, respectively. Average milk yield was increased from 4.78 to 5.32 (0.54 litres) in Pithoragarh tehsil and 3.84 to 4.22 (0.38 litres) in Haldwani tehsil. The growth rate of the calves had showed constant improvement, which indicated good health status of animals. In both tehsils the SGPT and SGOT activities, total protein and globulin increased significantly and reached to normal range, whereas, cholesterol concentration (mg/dl) decreased significantly in all categories of animals. Blood serum copper concentration increased significantly and was above the critical level. Calcium concentration in blood serum of all categories of animals was increased significantly and reached above the critical level in Pithoragarh tehsil due to dietary supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese. In phase II, a growth trial was conducted on sixteen crossbred growing heifers (average body weight 149 kg and age 12-16 months) divided into four groups of four each. The experimental feed (mineral) mixture provided to heifers of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 60 g without calcium, copper and manganese, 100 g containing dicalcium phosphate and copper sulphate to supply 11 g Ca and 60 mg Cu/animal/d, 60 g containing copper sulphate and manganese sulphate to supply 60 mg Cu and 100 mg Mn/animal/d and 100 g containing dicalcium phosphate, copper sulphate and manganese sulphate to supply 11 g Ca, 60 mg Cu and 100 mg Mn/animal/d, respectively. The average daily dry matter intake, daily TDN intake, TDN intake per 100 kg body weight, daily body weight gain and total body weight gain were higher in heifers of groups 2 and 4 supplemented with calcium and copper, however, TDN intake per kg metabolic body weight was significantly higher in groups 2,3 and 4 compared to control. The average DCP intake in heifers of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 0.65, 0.69, 0.68 and 0.69 kg, respectively. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre was significantly higher in heifers of group 2, 3 and 4 compared to control group. The SGPT and SGOT activities, total protein, globulin, phosphorus and copper concentration were significantly higher and within normal range, whereas cholesterol and glucose concentrations (mg/dl) were significantly lower in mineral supplemented groups compared to control group. It concluded that dietary supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese in cattle is inevitable at field level in hilly regions of Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand for improvement in reproductive performance and better persistency in the milk production, improving growth and maintenance of animal health. Similarly, for Haldwani region copper supplementation in the diet of dairy animals is necessary. Dietary supplementation of calcium, copper and manganese in cattle is beneficial for improving the nutrient digestibility and utilization and to maintain the blood biochemical constituents and mineral status under field as well as farm conditions.