Studies on mineral profile in feeds, soil and animals in Haridwar district of Uttaranchal
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Date
2006-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
A survey was conducted in four villages, two each from Roorkee and Laksar Tehsils, of Haridwar district of Uttaranchal in order to find out the existing livestock practices, macro and micro nutrients profile in soil, feeds and fodder and animals and also to establish the correlations among soil, plant and animals. Fifteen farmers under three major categories on land holding basis i.e. landless (0 acre), small (2-5 acres) and large (>5 acres) from each village were selected, from where the above informations and samples of soil, feeds, fodder and blood of animals of different physiological status were collected. The collected feed, soil, water and blood samples were subjected for macro and micro nutrient analysis. The CP (23.41 %) and total ash (16.91 %) content were highest in cowpea green whereas, lowest in wheat straw (3.33 % and 7.70 %), in Roorkee Tehsil. While in concentrate, CP content was highest in soybean cake. Animals of the target area showed negative balances in DM, CP and ME intakes. Aneostrus problems were higher in the villages of Roorkee Tehsil as compared to Laksar Tehsil whereas, incidence of repeat breeding in cattle and buffaloes were higher in villages of Laksar Tehsil than Roorkee Tehsil. Only soil of Roorkee Tehsil was found deficient in calcium while rest minerals were found above their respective critical levels. In concentrate ingredients, all minerals except copper such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, manganese and selenium were above their respective critical levels with corresponding values as 0.38 ± 0.01, 0.36 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01 per cent, 53.77 ± 1.78, 279.95 ± 6.96, 0.31 ± 0.04, 65.93 ± 4.34 and 0.15 ± 0.02 ppm, respectively, whereas, copper was found 7.74 ± 0.51 ppm, below its critical level. Likewise, in roughage, minerals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, manganese and selenium were above the critical levels with corresponding values as 0.36 ± 0.03, 0.10 ± 0.01 per cent, 53.50 ± 6.47, 297.78 ± 21.73, 0.49 ± 0.12, 47.01 ± 8.01 and 0.18 ± 0.02 ppm, respectively, whereas, phosphorus and copper were 0.20 ± 0.03 per cent and 5.06 ± 0.75 ppm, respectively, below their respective critical level. The blood serum mineral concentration except for copper and phosphorus i.e. calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and manganese (10.43 ± 0.22 mg/dl, 1.65 ± 0.14 mg/dl, 1.54 ± 0.11 ppm, 1.97 ± 0.19 ppm and 0.54 ± 0.02 ppm) were found to be above their respective critical levels and were not deficient. The serum phosphorus (3.79 ± 0.21 mg/dl) and copper (0.46 ± 0.07 ppm) were deficient with their values falling below their respective critical levels. Soil-plant-animal correlations for different minerals did not show clear cut picture regarding their accumulation in plants and utilization by the animals. Research findings revealed for the supplementation of phosphorus, copper as well as magnesium in the selected areas of Haridwar.
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