Thumbnail Image

Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

Browse

20211
Reset filters
Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: ATHULYA T. R. × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    OCCURRENCE OF CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. IN DUCK, QUAIL, BACKYARD CHICKEN AND ASSOCIATED ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, MANNUTHY, 2021-12-30) ATHULYA T. R.; C. Latha
    Infections with Campylobacter spp., particularly C. jejuni and C. coli, are considered as the most common causes of bacterial diarrhoea in humans worldwide. The present investigation was undertaken to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in duck, quail, backyard chicken and the associated environmental samples, molecular confirmation of the positive isolates, antibiotic resistance profile and genotypic resistance against tetracycline and erythromycin. Comparative analysis regarding occurrence and antibiogram of Campylobacter spp. in duck, quail and backyard chicken rearing facilities were carried out. The study also assessed the occurrence of multiple drug resistant (MDR) isolates and multiple antimicrobial resistance index (MAR). Among the total 220 samples analysed from duck rearing facilities, an occurrence of 10, eight and two per cent was recorded from cloacal swabs, soil and drinking water samples, respectively. The occurrence of the organism in farm DF2 was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to DF3. In quail rearing facilities, an occurrence of 14.17 per cent was observed from cloacal swabs, while that of soil and drinking water samples were two and 10 per cent, respectively. The overall occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in farm QF2 was significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared QF1 and QF3. In backyard chicken rearing facilities, percentage occurrence of the organism in cloacal swabs and soil samples were 25.83 and eight per cent respectively. None of the water samples collected from backyard chicken rearing facilities was positive for the organism. The overall occurrence of the organism in backyard chicken rearing facilities (15.91%) was found significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to duck rearing facilities (7.73%). Overall occurrence in quail rearing facilities was 10.45 per cent. All the C. coli isolates showed resistance against cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin. Cent per cent C. jejuni isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Sixty-four out of total 75 Campylobacter positive isolates were multidrug resistant. The multidrug resistance of C. coli isolates was 86.36 per cent, while that of C.jejuni isolates was 83.87 per cent. The multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index was found to be within the range of 0.23- 0.80. Genotypic resistance against tetracycline and erythromycin was observed in 6.67 and 2.67 per cent of positive isolates. A multifaceted one health approach including human medicine, veterinary medicine, epidemiology, environmental specialist, public health institutes and epidemiological surveillance agencies is mandatory to control food-borne diseases and up gradation of biosecurity measures. In addition to the virulence profiling, continuous surveillance and monitoring is required to tackle the antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter spp. in food animals