Thumbnail Image

Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

Browse

20144
Reset filters
Subject: Veterinary Pathology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GENOTYPE-XIII NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS INFECTION IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) KHORAJIYA, JAYNUDIN H.; JOSHI, B. P.
    The present research work was carried out to know Patho-epidemiological study on Genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus infection in commercial layer and broiler chicks in around Anand, Gujarat. The Genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus was confirmed by F gene sequence and whole genome sequence at Department of Microbiology and Animal biotechnology, Veterinary College, Anand. The study comprised of patho epidemiology of Newcastle disease by information collected from different broiler and layer farms suffered from the disease in relation to incidence pattern and mortality, duration of mortality, susceptible age, loss due to production performance, clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions of visceral organs as well as to isolate and identify pathotype of virus by HA, HI and ICPI test. During the study mortality due to Newcastle disease was recorded in 13 layer and 10 broiler flocks inspite of routine vaccination which usually contain genotype-II strain of virus. The mortality was observed above 50 percent with an average of 21.21 percent in layer flocks and to the tune of 80 percent with an average of 28.11 percent in broiler flocks. The susceptible age of the disease was found to be 23 to 34 days among broiler and 6-14 weeks among layer flocks. The duration of mortality observed was 14 days in broiler flocks and 23 days among layer flocks. The disease resulted in significant reduction in body weight upto 22.80% in layer flocks and 29.06 % in broiler flocks in comparison to standard normal body weight. There was significant reduction in feed intake upto 35.52% in broiler flocks and 46.91 percent in layer flocks. The two affected egg laying flocks showed drop in egg production to the tune of 20 to 30 percent. Majority of the outbreaks appeared during extreme hot months of may and June in broiler flocks and april to June in layer flocks. The major clinical signs presented by the affected flocks were listlessness, increased respiration, greenish diarrhoea with soiled feathers of vent, dehydration, loss in body weight, conjunctivitis, prostration and increasing mortality. Greenish diarrhea was frequently seen in birds that survived early in infection. Mortality continued for 2-3 weeks and reduced with appearance of torticollis. Gross lesions were characterized by emaciation and dehydration of carcass with deep congestion of breast musculature, multifocal to diffuse haemorrhages around proventricular glands, necrotic (diptheretic) haemorrhagic ulcers throughout the intestine, disseminated multiple foci of necrosis and pin-point haemorrhages in spleen parenchyma especially in layer birds. In few of the broiler flocks kidneys appeared pale and enlarged with pin point haemorrhages. Severe congestion of trachea and lungs was prominent feature in majority of broiler as well as layer chicks. The microscopic lesions were mainly of the nature of focal to diffuse haemorrhages and diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells in proventricular mucosal and glandular regions; focal to diffuse haemorrhages, necrosis and sloughing of epithelial cells and moderate to severe infiltration of mononuclear cells in the intestine; multifocal areas of lymphoid necrosis and haemorrhages in caecal tonsils, spleen and bursa of fabricius; and perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes, neuronal degeneration and focal areas of gliosis in brain parenchyma. Pooled tissue samples (trachea, lung, liver, spleen, proventriculus, caecal tonsils and intestine) collected aseptically during postmortem examination from all the 23 flocks of broiler and layer farms were homogenized and tissue suspensions were inoculated into the allantoic cavity of embryonated SPF eggs of 9-11 days incubation. Eggs were further incubated until death or for upto 72 hrs and allantoic fluid was collected after overnight chilling at 4°C and used for further HA, HI test and ICPI test. All the 23 allantoic fluids from field samples along with F and R2B vaccine sample were found positive for HA activity, which was further confirmed by HI using known NDV serum. The values of intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) carried out for assessment of virulence of Newcastle disease virus in day old SPF chicks for the filed samples were 2.0 and indicative of velogenic nature of the filed NDV strain. The clinical signs, mortality pattern, gross and microscopic lesions, haemagglutination (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) activity and ICPI (Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index) observed in filed outbreaks of Newcastle disease both in layer and broiler flocks were indicative of very virulent Newcastle disease. Further isolation of genotype-XIII NDV from the filed outbreaks and ICPI score of 2.0 confirmed that the present outbreaks were due to genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus which was velogenic in nature. The study indicated that presently available live and attenuated vaccines which include genotype-II NDV have failed in protecting the flocks against genotype-XIII and resulted in outbreaks with mortality above 50 percent in layer flocks and upto 80 percent in broiler flocks.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MELOXICAM, IBUPROFEN AND DICLOFENAC SODIUM IN BROILER CHICKS
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) GHODASARA, PRIYA D.; Prajapati, K. S.
    The present research work was conducted on eight groups of day old Cobb-400 broiler chicks to study the toxicopathological effects of meloxicam, ibuprofen and diclofenac sodium in feed. Group I was kept as control. Group II was administered with diclofenac at dose of 15 ppm through feed. Groups III, IV and V were fed with diet containing meloxicam @ 4, 20 and 100 ppm respectively for 21 days. Groups VI, VII and VIII were fed with diet containing ibuprofen @ 80 ppm, 400 ppm and 2000 ppm respectively for 21 days. The chicks were observed for any abnormal behavioral signs and mortality during the experiment. After completion of 21 days treatment, blood samples were collected for serum biochemical analysis from right jugular vein. The survived birds were sacrificed by means of cervical dislocation at the end of experiment. A detailed post mortem examination was performed on chicks which died during the experiment as well as sacrificed at the end of the experiment and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples (liver, kidney, heart, spleen and lung) were collected in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. Clinical signs viz. dullness, depression, anorexia, lameness, unthriftiness with ruffled feather, drooping of the wings and lethargy with shrunken eyes were noticed in birds of diclofenac treated group II. During the study the mortality was observed in diclofenac treated group II and it was 25%. Meloxicam and ibuprofen treated birds did not reveal any mortality. Reduction in body weight gain and feed intake and increase in Kidney : Bodyweight ratio were observed in diclofenac treated group II as compare to control group. Meloxicam and ibuprofen treated groups did not reveal any significant change in body weight gain, feed intake and Kidney : Body weight ratio as compare to control group. The average FCR was higher in diclofenac treated group II (3.82) as compared to control group (2.19). Meloxicam and ibuprofen treated groups did not reveal any changes in this parameter as compared to control. There was highly significant rise (p < 0.01) in mean values of uric acid and BUN whereas significant increase in creatinine, AST and ALT in diclofenac treated group II. Ibuprofen treated group- VIII with high dose revealed significant increase in AST and ALT. Meloxicam treated groups did not reveal any changes in these biochemical parameters as compare to control. Pathological lesions (both gross and microscopic) were mainly observed in chicks that died during the experiment from diclofenac treated group II. The chicks which were sacrificed at the end of experiment did not reveal any specific gross and microscopic lesions in any of the treatment group. Grossly, on surface of visceral organs white chalky urate deposits of varying degree were observed in chicks which died during experiment from treatment group II. Histopathologically, the lesions were characterized by congestion, degeneration, haemorrhage and deposition of uric acid crystals. Kidney was the main target organ affected. The overall lesions gave an impression that diclofenac was nephrotoxic as well as hepatotoxic in nature. Ibuprofen treated group VIII with high dose showed slightly enlarged and pale liver in few birds while meloxicam treated groups did not reveal any pathomorphological changes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GENOTYPE-XIII NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS INFECTION IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) KHORAJIYA, JAYNUDIN H.; Dr. B. P. Joshi
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ACETYL SALICYLIC ACID, NIMESULIDE AND DICLOFENAC SODIUM IN BROILER CHICKS.
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) SUNANDA PANDEY; Dr. D. J. Ghodasara
    The present research work was conducted on eight groups of day old Cobb-400 broiler chicks to study the toxicopathological effects of acetyl salicylic acid, nimesulide and diclofenac sodium in feed. Group I was kept as control. Group II was administered with diclofenac at dose of 15 ppm through feed. Groups III, IV and V were fed with diet containing acetyl salicylic acid @ 400, 1600 and 4000 ppm respectively for 21 days. Groups VI, VII and VIII were fed with diet containing nimesulide@ 40, 80 and 160 ppm respectively for 21 days. The chicks were observed for any abnormal behavioral signs and mortality during the experiment. After completion of 21 days treatment, blood samples were collected for hematology and serum biochemical analysis from right jugular vein. The survived birds were sacrificed by means of cervical dislocation at the end of experiment. A detailed post mortem examination was performed on chicks which died during the experiment as well as sacrificed at the end of the experiment and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples (liver, kidney, heart, intestine, spleen and lung) were collected in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. i