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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE AND HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF OVINE AMPHISTOMOSIS(DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, ANAND, 2021) Kratika Jha; Dr. J. J. HasnaniIn the present study, prevalence of ovine amphistomosis was derived by screening 632 faecal samples and 50 blood samples of infected sheep from in and around Anand district, Gujarat along with the haemato-biochemical parameters. An overall prevalence was recorded to be 23.25% with 147 positive cases out of 632 cases in sheep. A significant difference was observed in the prevalence rate of the disease in sheep. The highest prevalence of ovine amphistomosis was recorded in the month of October (39.62%). The prevalence recorded in the monsoon season (34.43%) was significantly higher than in winter season (21.42%) and summer season (13.80%). The prevalence of amphistomosis in ovine female was 24.76%. In old animals (>2) years of age the prevalence of 25.55% was observed to be non significantly higher than younger animals (<2) years respectively.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE, HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF BOVINE BABESIOSIS BY USING BLOOD SMEAR EXAMINATION AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION(Department of Veterinary Parasitology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2020) Karishma Chauhan; Dr. P. V. PatelOverall prevalence of 5.88% of bovine babesiosis was observed in and around Anand district, Gujarat with 7.69% and 3.33% in cattle and buffaloes respectively. The highest prevalence of bovine babesiosis was recorded in the month of July (12.9%) followed by August (11..76%) and September (8.33%). In cattle and buffaloes highest prevalence was recorded in the month of July (19.05%) and August (10%) respectively. The disease was most prevalent (P<0.05) in monsoon season (10.57), followed by summer (3.06%) and least in winter season (1.47%). Bovines of both sexes were found susceptible. The prevalence of babesiosis recorded in bovine females was 7.98% with 10.42 % and 4.48 % in cattle and buffaloes respectively. A prevalence of 3.17% were recorded in bovine males with 4.1% and 1.89% in cattle and buffaloes respectively. Prevalence of babesiosis was found significantly (P<0.05) lower in bovines with age less than 12 months (1.98%) as compared to bovines with age more than 12 months (7.98%). In cattle and buffaloes with age less than 12 months 1.75 % and 2.72 % whereas in bovines with age more than 12 months, a prevalence of 10.71% and 3.95 % was observed respectively.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HELMINTHIC INFECTION IN HORSE (Equus caballus)(DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) Prakriti Singh; Dr. P. V. PatelThe study was carried out to ascertain the monthwise, seasonwise, agewise, sexwise, breedwise, and overall prevalence as well as haematological and biochemical aspects of gastrointestinal helminthosis in horses at Anand District of Gujarat. The study was undertaken for the period of twelve months from March-2016 to February-2017. The faecal samples were collected from the horses brought to the Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A. H., AAU, Anand and the surrounding field areas. For recording and findings of prevalence, faecal samples of horses were collected for the detection and identification of eggs of gastrointestinal helminths as per standard method.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE, HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF Trypanosoma evansi USING ADVANCED MOLECULAR TOOL AND BLOOD SMEAR EXAMINATION IN CATTLE AND BUFFALOES(COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) Suchit S. Pandya; Dr. J. J. HasnaniIn the present study, the prevalence of Trypanosomosis in cattle and buffaloes was studied by examination of blood samples collected from Anand and Mahisagar districts, Gujarat during the period from January 2016 to December 2016. Blood smear examination was done using microscope (100x) and stained with giemsa’s. A total of 502 and 495 blood samples of cattle and buffaloes were collected from Anand and Mahisagar districts and of which 66 (13.33%) and 42 (8.16%) samples were found positive for Trypanosoma evansi, respectively. The highest prevalence rate was observed in the month of September 11.94% and lowest in April 0.0% whereas the, highest prevalence was recorded in the month of October 20.63 % and lowest in April 4.76 % for cattle and buffaloes from Anand and Mahisagar districts, Gujarat. It was also observed that, occurrence of infection was increased from June up to the month of February except in November in cattle and buffaloes where it was decreased and from March onwards occurrence of the infection was decreased up to the month of June.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CLINICO-BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF ANCYLOSTOMOSIS IN DOGS(AAU, Anand, 2015) BRAHMBHATT, NILIMABEN N.; Patel, P. V.The study was carried out to ascertain the monthwise, seasonwise, agewise, breedwise, sexwise and overall prevalence as well as haemato - biochemical and histopathological aspects of Ancylostomosis in dogs at Anand District of Gujarat. The study was undertaken for the period of twelve months from March-2014 to February- 2015. The faecal samples and intestinal contents were collected from the dogs brought to the hospital of Veterinary College (TVCC) and the surrounding areas of Anand district. Faecal samples were collected during anti-mortem examination and intestinal contents were collected during post-mortem examination of dogs. For recording / findings of prevalence, faecal samples and intestinal contents of dogs were collected for the detection and identification of eggs of Ancylostoma spp. as per standard method. The clinical signs were observed in dogs during Ancylostomosis were diarrhoea and anaemia accompanied by hydraemia, sometimes oedema, general weakness and emaciation. The faeces are often diarrhoeic and contain bloody mucus or they may be of a tarry nature. A total of 392 faecal samples were collected from Anand district out of which 90 faecal samples were found positive with the seasonal prevalence of 29.50% in summer,24.81% in monsoon and 15.03% in winter. The highest prevalence rate was observed in the month of May 36.66%) and lowest in the month of December 13.79%) from the faecal samples. The agewise prevalence of 36.02%) in young age, 16.15%) in middle age and 10.89% in old age. The sexwise prevalence of 29.41% in male and 14.61%) in female and the breedwise highest prevalence of Ancylostomosis were noticed 42.85%) in mongrel and lowest 14.10%) in doberman by examining faecal samples of Anand district. The overall prevalence rate was found to be 22.95% (90) for the faecal samples of Anand district. Ancylostomosis affects the haematological values of the host. The haematological parameters viz. haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leulcocytes count (TLC), different leukocyte count (DLC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were smdied from Ancylostoma spp. infected and non-infected dogs.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE, HAEMATO- BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AMPHISTOMOSIS IN SLAUGHTERED BUFFALOES.(AAU, Anand, 2014) CHAUHAN, VANDIP D.; PATEL, P. V.The study was carried out to a certain the prevalence, haemato-biochemical and histopathological aspects of amphistoniosis in slaughtered buffaloes at Anand and Ahmedabad Districts of Gujarat for the period of twelve months from March-2013 to February-2014. The faecal samples and intestinal contents were collected in small and clean sterilized polythene bags from the buffaloes brought to the slaughter house of Anand and Ahrnedabad districts and brought to the department of Parasitology and processed for standard qualitative examination. The direct, sedimentation and floatation technique were used to detect the presence and identification of amphistome eggs in the samples. Blood samples from 50 amphisiomes infected as well as 50 non-infected buffaloes were taken during the anti-mortem examination for hematological analysis and to separate serum for analysis. Various serum, biochemical parameters like Total protein. Albumin, Globulin, A:G ratio. Alkaline Phosphatase (AKP),Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Total Bilirubin along with various hematological parameters like TEC, TLC, DLC, PCV and Hb were analysed through automatic analyser. For Histopathological study, a total of 30 positive amphistomes infected liver, rumen and intestine were collected from slaughter houses of Anand and Ahmedabad districts. Tissue pieces of rumen and liver preserved in 10% neutral buffered formal saline solution and were processed by paraffin embedding method and stained with Ehrlich's Haematoxylin aad Eosin. Formalin preserved parasites were processed by paraffin embedding method and stained by H & E stain as per Luna (1968). The prepared sections were examined by microscopy and-microphotography in order to identify anterior and posterior suckers, pharynx, uterus etc. A total of 758 faecal and 721 liver/rumen samples were collected at Anand district out of which 214 faecal and 198 liver/rumen samples were found positive with the seasonal prevalence of 21% (summer), 29.62% (monsoon) and 32.84% (winter) for the faecal samples and 20.11% (summer), 28.57% (monsoon) and 34.66% (winter) for the liver/'rumen samples. A total of 798 faecal and 790 liver/rumen samples were collected at Ahmedabad district out of which 221 faecal and 228 liver/rumen samples were found positive with the seasonal prevalence of 19.73% (summer), 29,43%) (monsoon) and 32.29% (winter) for the faecal samples and 24.15% (summer), 28.94%) (monsoon) and 32.63% (winter) for the liver/rumen samples. The overall prevalence rate was found to be 28.23% (214) and 27.46%) (198) for the faecal and liver samples at Anand district and 27.69% (221) and 28.86% (228) for faecal and liver samples at Ahmedabad district.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF COCCIDIOSTATS ON EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED EIMERIA TENELLA INFECTION ALONG WITH EFFECTS ON GROWTH HAEMATO-BIOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOLOGY IN BROILERS(AAU, Anand, 2014) HIRANI, NITINKUMAR DEVRAJBHAI; Hasnani, J. J.The efficacy of three commonly used feed coccidiostats named Diclazuril (T1) Salinomycin (T2), Diclazuril + Salinomycin (T3) in shuttle programme and Maduramicin (T4) on experimentally induced Eimeria tenella coccidial infection and their effects on growth, haematology, biochemical and histopathological changes were undertaken in three hundred Cobb400 strain of broiler at University Poultry Complex, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during year 2012. Birds were given feed containing Diclazuril (T1), Salinomycin (T2), and Maduramicin (T4) coccidiostats at dose rate of 1 ppm, 60 ppm and 5 ppm upto 42 days. Weekly body weight and feed consumption were recorded. Various parameters considered for comparative efficacy were studied. Experimental infection of 50,000 oocysts of E.tenella was given on 22nd day of age. Blood was collected before experimental infection at 3 weeks and after experimental infection at 4 weeks of age for haemato-biochemical study. The results of faecal score, oocyst per gram (OPG), lesion score, oocyst index value and mortality indicated better efficacy of coccidiostats as compared to non medicated birds in experimental infection with better efficacy of Maduramicin and Salinomycin as compare to Diclazuril and Diclazuril + Salinomycin shuttle treatment. Coccidiostats proved to have growth promoting action in broiler chickens during the experimental infection. Birds fed with Maduramicin medicated (5 ppm) performed well in terms of live weight gain and feed conversion ratio and it was followed by salinomycin (60 ppm) for weight gain and Diclazuril (Ippm) for feed efficiency in broiler birds. Result of sensitivity against E. tenella indicated good efficacy of Maduramicin (82%), whereas limited efficacy of Salinomycin (76%), Diclazuril (74%) and Diclazuril + Salinomycin Shuttle group (71%)) on the basis of Global index value (GINNC % ) Haematological studies revealed that haemoglobin concentration, packed cell' volume and total erythrocytes counts were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced, while total leukocytes counts were significantly increased on account of coccidial infection in all coccidiostat treatment and infected non treated groups. Different Leukocytes Count (DLC) value revealed significant increase in heterophills, lymphocytes and eosinophills and significant decrease in monocytes and basophills on account of coccidial infection. Results on haematological studies indicated comparatively less pathological damage by Salinomycin. Studies on biochemical profile revealed significantly (P < 0.05) lower serum glucose and serum total protein, while significant increase in serum total cholesterol. Serum Glutamic Oxalo-acetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (AKP) activities was observed due to coccidial infection as compared to pre infection levels in birds. Results of biochemical studies indicated comparative less pathological damage by coccidiostats treatment as compared to infected non treated group, but there was no consistent trend for drug choice. From histopathological study it was clear that the Maduramicin and Salinomycin treated group showed very less mechanical damage to tissue hence it could be used as a curative remedy against the caecal coccidiosis. The presence of clusters of large schizonts in the caecum was pathognonomic for E. tenella. The magnitude of infection type and dose of coccidiostat and stage of development of the disease could be established by histopathological observation.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE, HAEMATO – BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FASCIOLOSIS IN SLAUGHTERED BUFFALOES(AAU, Anand, 2014) Suchit S. Pandya; Dr. J. J. HasnaniA total of 760 faecal and 701 liver samples were collected at Anand district out of which 151 faecal and 164 liver samples were found positive with the seasonal prevalence of 12.83% (summer), 21.54% (monsoon) and 23.95% (winter) for the faecal samples and 15.34% (summer), 24.34% (monsoon) and 28.62% (winter) for the liver samples. A total of 792 faecal and 743 liver samples were collected at Ahmedabad district out of which 163 faecal and 157 liver samples were found positive with the seasonal prevalence of 16.93% (summer), 21.83% (monsoon) and 22.61% (winter) for the faecal samples (Table 6, Figure 7) and 17.60% (summer), 22.08% (monsoon) and 23.37% (winter) for the liver samples. The overall prevalence rate was found to be 19.87% (151) and 23.39% (164) for the faecal and liver samples at Anand district and 20.58% (163) and 21.13% (157) for faecal and liver samples at Ahmedabad district. Fasciolosis affects the haematological values of the host. The haematological parameters viz. haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocytes count (TLC), different leukocyte count (DLC) were studied from Fasciola infected and non-infected buffaloes. A total number of 50 Fasciola infected and 50 non-infected blood samples were collected and studied for haematological parameters. Following results were found in the study. The infected buffaloes showed a significant reduction in the mean Hb. (7.29 ± 0.21 g/dl), TEC (5.15 ± 0.19 106/μl), PCV (24.82 ± 0.88 percent), lymphocyte (47.59 ± 0.75 percent) and increased TLC (12.78 ± 0.37 103/ μl), neutrophil (42.43 ± 0.84 percent) and eosinophil (8.29 ± 0.26 percent). The monocytes level decreased and basophils levels increased non-significantly in infected buffaloes and recorded as, 2.78 ± 0.16 and 0.38 ± 0.05 percent, respectively. A total number of 50 infected and 50 non-infected serum samples were collected and studied. The biochemical profile included Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, A:G ratio, Alkaline Phosphatase (AKP), Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Total Bilirubin levels of infected and non-infected buffaloes and the results are presented as follows. Significantly reduction in the values of total serum protein (7.37 ± 0.09 g/dl), total albumin (1.92 ± 0.06 g/dl) and A:G ratio (0.36 ± 0.02) and increased in AST/ SGOT (305.82 ± 13.40 IU/L), total globulin (5.44 ± 0.09 g/dl), ALT/ SGPT (79.25 ± 2.24 IU/L), ACP (4.30 ± 0.20 IU/L), alkaline phosphatase (189.50 ± 6.31 IU/L) and total bilirubin (1.93 ± 0.13 IU/L) level reported. The histopathological changes in Fasciolosis in buffaloes were observed during study period. A total of 30 positive fasciola infected liver was collected from slaughter houses of Anand and Ahmedabad districts. The gross lesions in Fasciolosis were, the body cavities of slaughtered buffaloes were found to contain large amount of straw colored fluid with fibrin flakes. There was oedema in brisket and dewlap region and petechial haemorrhage in muscles in some of the buffaloes. Liver was found severely affected, enlarged, covered with rust colored patches, showing haemorrhagic tracts, perforation and presence of large number of immature flukes in the parenchyma and at the opening of the bile duct. At places blood filled cavities were also seen in the parenchyma. Hundreds of immature and mature flukes were recovered after squeezing and tearing of liver. Gross lesions were confined to the liver which was enlarged, haemorrhagic, highly congested and had wide-spread greyish creamy deposits on its surface. Migrating flukes caused extensive destruction of liver parenchyma marked with haemorrhages. The microscopic lesions in Fasciola infected liver and bile duct were, The sections of liver showed haemorrhagic tracts, wide-spread area of necrosis and haemorrhages. It also revealed focal necrosis with heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells. Portal triad area revealed proliferation of fibrous tissue. Hepatic cells showed degenerative changes and mild fatty changes. There were large numbers of multiple haemorrhagic tracts made up of erythrocytes and degenerating hepatic cells with polymorphs, eosinophils and mononuclear cells. Bile ducts showed hyperplasia, desquamation and degeneration of epithelium. The epithelium of bile duct both close to and distal to the sites of fluke penetration was highly hyperplastic and thickened with numerous eosinophils and mononuclear cells infiltration into the lamina propria. F. gigantica had a less prominent shoulder and having 25-35 mm body length. The ventral sucker is situated at the level of the shoulder and tegument is armed with sharp spines. Pharynx is situated just after the oral sucker. The testes are much branched and filling the median plane of the fluke. Uterus is situated posterior to the ventral sucker and anterior to the testes and ovary is situated right of the middle of the fluke. The digestive tract of the fluke covered with two type of epithelium viz; tegumental and caecal type of epithelium. The major portion of the digestive tract is lined by caecal type of the epithelium. Mehlis gland was close to ovary.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PREVALENCE, HAEMATO – BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AMPHISTOMOSIS IN SLAUGHTERED BUFFALOES.(AAU, Anand, 2014) VANDIP CHAUHAN; Dr. P. V. PatelThe study was carried out to a certain the prevalence, haemato–biochemical and histopathological aspects of amphistomosis in slaughtered buffaloes at Anand and Ahmedabad Districts of Gujarat for the period of twelve months from March-2013 to February-2014. The faecal samples and intestinal contents were collected in small and clean sterilized polythene bags from the buffaloes brought to the slaughter house of Anand and Ahmedabad districts and brought to the department of Parasitology and processed for standard qualitative examination. The direct, sedimentation and floatation technique were used to detect the presence and identification of amphistome eggs in the samples. Blood samples from 50 amphistomes infected as well as 50 non-infected buffaloes were taken during the anti-mortem examination for hematological analysis and to separate serum for analysis. Various serum biochemical parameters like Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, A:G ratio, Alkaline Phosphatase (AKP),Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Total Bilirubin along with various hematological parameters like TEC, TLC, DLC, PCV and Hb were analysed through automatic analyser
